The Adverse Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Coral Reef

Xinran Liang

2024

Abstract

Coral reefs are one of the main habitats for marine organisms, located in the coastal areas, fostering around 35,000 to 60,000 species of animals. They provide protection and economic services to humans, generating millions of dollars per year from tourism and other uses. However, 50% of the world’s coral was lost in the last 30 years due to global warming and other anthropogenic activities. Its annihilation process is swift from the fast coral bleaching that the coral undergoes from healthy to dead as a result of combined human activities of garbage disposal, illegal trading, chemical pollution, unsustainable overfishing, intensive tourism, and global warming. There are multiple cases of mass coral bleaching worldwide, such as the 1998 cases that struck Sabah, Borneo. Sipadan is an example of an area that sustains a great variety of coral reefs, well protected by legislation and agreements. However, its methods have their deficiencies when viewed from a larger scale, such as driving fishermen to other islands nearby and destroying other coral reefs. More solutions regarding this issue should be discussed, with consideration of different stakeholders. The article analyze the anthropogenic activities’ impacts from two points of view: direct and indirect. Later on, it will focus on the applicable solutions for the future of this issue concerning the case of Sipadan.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Liang X. (2024). The Adverse Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Coral Reef. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Renewable Energy and Ecosystem - Volume 1: ICREE; ISBN 978-989-758-776-4, SciTePress, pages 41-46. DOI: 10.5220/0013844400004914

in Bibtex Style

@conference{icree24,
author={Xinran Liang},
title={The Adverse Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Coral Reef},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Renewable Energy and Ecosystem - Volume 1: ICREE},
year={2024},
pages={41-46},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0013844400004914},
isbn={978-989-758-776-4},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Renewable Energy and Ecosystem - Volume 1: ICREE
TI - The Adverse Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Coral Reef
SN - 978-989-758-776-4
AU - Liang X.
PY - 2024
SP - 41
EP - 46
DO - 10.5220/0013844400004914
PB - SciTePress