Impact of Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Waves on Human Pregnancy and Teratogenicity: A Systematic Review

Desy Armalina, Desy Armalina, Neni Susilaningsih, Heri Sutanto, Sunarno

2023

Abstract

Electromagnetic waves have increased significantly over the past few years, and one important source is cells. The average daily time spent on gadgets rose from 4.75 to 11.36 hours. This radiation of the device has different effects on the most vulnerable groups, including young children, the elderly, and pregnant women; for example, the risk of abortion increases 1.27-fold when exposed to EMFs above 50 Hz and 16 mG. The databases Scopus, Cochrane Library (Wiley), Science Direct, the US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), and another source, Google Scholar, were used to obtain the data. Medical terms were used to obtain the data as well as "RF," OR "RF-EMFs," AND "phone," OR "mobile phone," AND "radiofrequency, OR "cell- phone," OR "electromagnetic field," OR "electromagnetic waves," OR "EMF, OR "EMW," OR "non-ionizing," AND "fetus," AND "pregnant "as keywords. The study report adhered to the PRISMA criteria the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) at the National Institute for Health Research (No: CRD42023475665). The impact of electromagnetic waves on pregnancy includes miscarriage, stillbirth, congenital defects in newborns, and premature delivery. During pregnancy, the placenta absorbs electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation from cell phones. This increases fetal temperatures, affecting the metabolic processes and blood supply to the placenta. Higher prenatal exposure to EMFs might result in a decrease in the birth weight, head size, head, upper arm, and abdomen, as well as skinfold thickness of the back, triceps, and abdomen. These findings indicate that pregnant women may have a higher vulnerability to the impacts of electromagnetic wave exposure, emphasizing the significance of providing customized guidance and preventive measures for pregnant women.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Armalina D., Susilaningsih N., Sutanto H. and Sunarno. (2023). Impact of Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Waves on Human Pregnancy and Teratogenicity: A Systematic Review. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Medical Science and Health - Volume 1: ICOMESH; ISBN 978-989-758-740-5, SciTePress, pages 311-328. DOI: 10.5220/0013671800003873

in Bibtex Style

@conference{icomesh23,
author={Desy Armalina and Neni Susilaningsih and Heri Sutanto and Sunarno},
title={Impact of Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Waves on Human Pregnancy and Teratogenicity: A Systematic Review},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Medical Science and Health - Volume 1: ICOMESH},
year={2023},
pages={311-328},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0013671800003873},
isbn={978-989-758-740-5},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Medical Science and Health - Volume 1: ICOMESH
TI - Impact of Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Waves on Human Pregnancy and Teratogenicity: A Systematic Review
SN - 978-989-758-740-5
AU - Armalina D.
AU - Susilaningsih N.
AU - Sutanto H.
AU - Sunarno.
PY - 2023
SP - 311
EP - 328
DO - 10.5220/0013671800003873
PB - SciTePress