The Effects of Music Education on Learning Motivation and Mental

Health

Furong Liu

Faculty of Art, Design and Humanities, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, U.K.

Keywords: Music Education, Learning Motivation, Mental Health.

Abstract: More and more mental health problems faced by adolescents, and as society has changed, the emotional

pressure and psychological distress endured by adolescents has also increased. Music education can not only

improve students' artistic accomplishment, but also help teenagers' psychological growth. This paper

examines the effects of music education on adolescents' emotional health, learning motivation, academic

performance and cognitive development. This paper finds that music education has a positive effect on the

emotional health development of teenagers. It can assist adolescents in alleviating negative feelings such as

anxiety and sadness, enhancing their emotional cognitive capacity and self-regulation skills, so enabling them

to more effectively manage psychological stress. Moreover, music education can enhance students'

engagement in learning, elevate their intrinsic motivation, and consequently augment their academic

achievement, particularly in topics like mathematics and language. Music education fosters cognitive growth

via interdisciplinary instruction, particularly in linguistic proficiency, mathematical reasoning, and problem-

solving abilities. Cultural background influences pupils' acceptance of music education. Consequently,

educators must instruct pupils in accordance with their aptitudes and adapt pedagogical approaches to reflect

students' cultural backgrounds. In summary, music education helps teenagers enhance their skills while also

improving their general emotional well-being, scholastic achievement, and cognitive capacities.

1 INTRODUCTION

In recent years, adolescent mental health problems

have attracted increasing attention. Adolescents

develop rapidly physically and mentally ， their

emotions change greatly, and they are prone to

psychological distress, including stress, anxiety,

depression, etc. (Blasco-Magraner et al., 2021). These

emotional issues not only affect adolescents' daily life

but may also severely impair their academic

achievement, social skills, and future growth. Due to

the rapid speed of contemporary society and the

escalating level of academic competition, adolescents

frequently feel unable to handle emotional distress

and academic pressure.Hence, finding valid methods

of helping adolescents to manage their emotions,

reduce stress, and improve psychological resilience

has been an important educational research topic

nowadays.

From this perspective, music education is viewed

as a way of emotion regulation. Evidence has

demonstrated that musical training can further

develop students' artistic aptitudes, psychological

health, learning motivation, and cognitive capabilities

(Alvarenga; De Witte et al., 2022). Through its

function as an artistic medium, music gives teenagers

a means of processing their feelings through

resonance and expression.Teenagers who participate

in musical activities may experience a decrease in

anxiety, a release of tension, and an increase in their

self-awareness and confidence.Furthermore,music

education enhances children's motivation for learning

and academic achievement.Research indicates that

teenagers engaged in musical activities are generally

more active and motivated in their academic pursuits

in other disciplines (Črnčec et al., 2006).

The aim of this study was to explore how music

education affects the emotional health, learning

motivation and cognitive development of

adolescents.This study aimed to investigate the

impact of music instruction on teenagers' emotional

well-being,learning motivation, and cognitive

development.This study will investigate how music

education can aid teenagers in coping with emotional

distress and academic pressure by enhancing

cognitive awareness and self-regulation,by the

synthesis and analysis of prior research findings.The

690

Liu, F.

The Effects of Music Education on Learning Motivation and Mental Health.

DOI: 10.5220/0014150900004942

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Psychology and Marketing Management (APMM 2025), pages 690-696

ISBN: 978-989-758-791-7

research will examine the influence of music

education on students' motivation to learn,particularly

its significance in transdisciplinary domains.

According to studies, teaching music can increase

students' intrinsic motivation, as well as their interest

in and involvement in other subjects (Črnčec et al;.,

2006; Zhang, 2018). To accomplish this, this study

used a literature review, a thorough analysis of

research findings in related fields, and music

education practices from various cultural

backgrounds to investigate how music education

affects adolescents' emotional well-being, motivation

to learn, and cognitive development.Through these

analyses, this paper aims to provide some useful

enlightenment for educators to help them better use

music education in educational practice and promote

the all-round development of teenagers.

Moreover, this paper also examines the divergent

effects of music education within different cultural

settings. In fact, many studies have established that

the cultural background significantly affects the

outcome of teaching music. The article tries to

explain, through cross-comparison across countries

and regions, how different cultural backgrounds can

affect the actual effects of music education and serves

as a reference for music education practice under

globalization.This research will furnish educators

with a comprehensive examination of how music

education improves teenagers' emotional well-

being,learning motivation,and cognitive

development, allowing them to comprehend and

utilise the various purposes of music education.

2 LEARNING MOTIVATION

2.1 Research Subjects and Core

Concepts

This study examines teenage populations, specifically

evaluating the impact of music education on their

emotional well-being, learning motivation, academic

achievement, and cognitive development. As teenage

mental health difficulties have grown increasingly

prevalent in recent years, music education has

emerged as a favoured method to alleviate emotional

discomfort and enhance psychological resilience. The

adolescent years signify a critical period for both

physical and psychological growth.Educators are

increasingly recognising that music is an essential

tool for enhancing mental health, in addition to

serving as a source of enjoyment. Throughout the

epidemic, adolescents globally saw unprecedented

psychological distress and emotional volatility, with

music serving as an essential instrument for numerous

individuals to manage their mental well-

being.Surveys indicate that many adolescents assert

that participation in music-related activities—such as

playing instruments, singing, or listening to music—

can significantly alleviate anxiety, lessen feelings of

loneliness, and enhance general physical and mental

calm (Aggarwal, 2021; Sun, 2022).

Studies have demonstrated that music education

can substantially boost adolescents' enthusiasm for

learning. Baylarova-Alakbarova highlights that

music education extends beyond mere skill

development; it also fosters students' intrinsic

motivation and enhances their interest and self-drive

in learning (Baylarova-Alakbarova, 2022). Among

young people, music education frequently grants

students greater autonomy in decision-making (for

instance, selecting preferred instruments or engaging

in group performances), leading to heightened

satisfaction and a sense of achievement in the

learning process. This promotes sustained intellectual

involvement and motivation. Many schools have

created interdisciplinary programs that focus on

music. These programs help students improve their

music abilities whereas also improving their ability to

work with students from different subjects by

combining music with subjects like language arts and

maths.Baylarova-Alakbarova underscores the

significant improvement in adolescents' motivation

that might result from integrating music into the

school curriculum (Baylarova-Alakbarova, 2022).

She also provides examples of how music can be

incorporated with other academic disciplines to

improve educational outcomes. Zhang underscores

the importance of music education in brain

development, demonstrating its potential to improve

mental faculties when integrated with subjects like

mathematics (Zhang, 2018). Moreover, Č rn č ec,

Wilson, and Prior examine the cognitive and

academic advantages of music, illustrating that

creative approaches integrating music strengthen

artistic expression while simultaneously improving

academic performance in associated subjects (Črnčec

et al., 2006). This pragmatic approach aligns with

Asmus's observation that when students recognise

their development in music, their motivation to

succeed in other academic disciplines often escalates

(Asmus, 2021).

Music education significantly contributes to the

enhancement of adolescents' self-efficacy. Self-

efficacy denotes an individual's confidence in their

capacity to successfully do tasks, which is intricately

linked to academic performance. Sun discovered that

teenagers engaged in musical activities had markedly

The Effects of Music Education on Learning Motivation and Mental Health

691

enhanced self-efficacy (Sun, 2022). This

enhancement is seen not only in academic

achievement but also in emotional and social

flexibility. Some teenagers experience a sense of

achievement from participation in ensemble and band

activities, which enhances their self-confidence in

interpersonal interactions and teamwork. The

augmentation of self-efficacy facilitates not just

academic achievement but also enables teenagers to

confront life obstacles more effectively and cultivate

a good self-concept.

An increasing amount of evidence supports the

augmentation of music education to strengthen

students' cognitive abilities. Music education can

enhance the linguistic, attentional, and mnemonic

capacities of infants and adolescents, as revealed by

Č rn č ec, Wilson, and Prior (Črnčec et al., 2006).

Students with prolonged engagement in musical

activities exhibit superior capabilities in non-musical

cognitive tasks, particularly in mathematical

reasoning and linguistic communication. Zhang

asserted that music education strengthens neural

connections in the brain, fostering brain plasticity and

thus augmenting students' total learning capacity.

This concept has been thoroughly substantiated in

practice (Zhang, 2018).

Cross-cultural research illustrates the diverse

impacts of music education in different cultural

settings. Brand conducted a comparative

investigation of music majors in China and the United

States, uncovering significant differences in

motivation, learning strategies, and perceptions of

achievement across students from various cultural

backgrounds (Brand, 2001). American students often

advance their learning through personal interests and

independent decisions, but Chinese students depend

more on external incentive and teacher assistance.

This difference shows how culture has a big influence

on students' motivation to learn and how they

approach their studies. Cross-cultural music

education enhances the authors comprehension of

how students from varied cultural backgrounds

acquire knowledge, while also providing educators

with a framework for modifying their pedagogical

approaches to accommodate cultural differences in

the contemporary globalised context.

The Self-Determination Theory, proposed by

Deci and Ryan, philosophically underpins music

education (Deci & Ryan, 2000). This concept

suggests that individuals are more likely to participate

in proactive learning when they have autonomy and

intrinsic motivation. Music education can augment

students' intrinsic drive by providing several choices

and opportunities for autonomy. This can augment

their comprehensive development in both academic

and social domains. Certain educational institutions

include music into Project-Based Learning to afford

students increased autonomy and creative liberty,

allowing them to derive enjoyment and a sense of

accomplishment in tackling real-world issues while

gaining knowledge. This intrinsically motivated

learning approach not only improves musical

proficiency but also effectively fosters students'

personal development in other areas.

2.2 The Relationship Between Music

Education and Learning

Motivation

A strong correlation exists between music education

and the motivation to learn. Motivation to learn is the

impetus that students possess to engage in educational

activities, which has a direct impact on their academic

success, learning efficacy, and engagement. Research

indicates that music education not only helps

students' musical abilities but also increases their

drive to learn, particularly in other disciplines,

thereby positively influencing their overall

educational engagement.According to Baylarova-

Alakbarova's investigation of the influence of music

education on motivation, pupils who participate in

music programs exhibit increased levels of

motivation in a variety of academic disciplines

(Baylarova-Alakbarova, 2022). Furthermore, Črnčec,

Wilson, and Prior assert that music education

augments cognitive functioning, hence enhancing

learning efficacy in subjects such as mathematics and

language arts.This demonstrates the fundamental role

of music in developing musical skills and improving

overall academic engagement (Črnčec et al., 2006).

Primarily, music education can enhance students'

intrinsic motivation by offering demanding and

imaginative assignments. Asmus noted that the music

learning process was replete with opportunities for

inquiry and invention, granting students greater

autonomy in selecting their areas of interest (Asmus,

2021). This autonomy not only augments students'

enjoyment of music education but also cultivates

greater motivation in facing academic hurdles. When

students participate in playing instruments, singing,

or composing music, they frequently achieve a sense

of personal fulfilment, which subsequently enhances

their enthusiasm to learn. Baylarova-Alakbarova

discovered that students involved in music activities

tend to exhibit greater motivation to engage in other

subjects, as they receive affirmative feedback from

educators and peers during music activities,this

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emotional reinforcement aids in sustaining their

interest in learning (Baylarova-Alakbarova, 2022).

Autonomy and choice are critical elements in

music education that enhance students' motivation to

learn.This autonomy and personalised learning

approach empowers students to assume control of

their educational experience, thereby augmenting

their confidence and motivation. Zhang discovered

that music education can improve students' self-

efficacy,particularly in relation to other academic

subjects.Students will exhibit increased proactivity

and confidence, thereby enhancing their motivation to

learn (Zhang, 2018).

Furthermore, music education has a significant

impact on interdisciplinary learning. According to

Root Wilson, music education can promote students'

learning motivation in other subjects, especially in

mathematics, language arts, and science (Wilson,

2009). Learning music is not just about skill

development，it can also indirectly enhance students'

interest in other subjects by improving their cognitive

abilities, such as attention, memory, and problem-

solving skills. For example, training in the regularities

of rhythm and pitch can help students make progress

in their logical thinking and problem-solving skills in

mathematics. Črnčec, Wilson, and Prior also believe

that music education has a positive impact on

students' brain development, especially in the

improvement of language and math abilities (Črnčec

et al., 2006). Numerous educational procedures have

really demonstrated that kids who study music are

frequently more able to comprehend the proportional

relationships found in mathematical formulas, and

they are even better able to understand rhythm and

phonetic patterns when learning a language.

Educational institutions have begun integrating

music education with other subjects to enhance

students' general enthusiasm for studying.Some

schools have adopted a "Mathematics and Music

Integration" curriculum, enabling students to apply

rhythmic and proportional ideas from music in their

math classes in order to further develop their

communication with the subject.This

interdisciplinary teaching method may make students

feel more enjoyment when learning other subjects,

and their learning motivation might be improved.

The group activities in music education, such

choir, band, and orchestra, are another remarkable

feature. These activities have a big influence on

students' social motivation and sense of

teamwork.Sun discovered that students participating

in collective activities often have a sense of belonging

through collaboration and derive a sense of

accomplishment from working with others (Sun,

2022). This event enhances their social skills and

improves their collaborative awareness in learning.

When students work together to complete

assignments in a group, they are more driven to work

hard because they understand their role and

contribution to the group. Collective activities can

enhance students' attitude and sense of responsibility,

hence increasing their motivation to learn. In specific

school choirs and ensembles, students are required to

engage in both individual practice and collaboration

with peers. This collaboration facilitates students'

ability to collaborate, enhancing their learning across

several disciplines. As children learn how to

effectively communicate, resolve conflicts, and

collaborate to achieve a shared goal, it also enhances

their academic achievement.

As a result, music education not only improves

students' musical and cognitive skills, which directly

increases their motivation to learn, but it also fosters

their interest and enthusiasm in other disciplines by

offering possibilities for selective, difficult, and

group participation. In conclusion, music education is

not only a method of fostering instrumental abilities,

but also a highly effective approach to improving the

overall learning motivation of students and fostering

their holistic development.

3 MENTAL HEALTH

3.1 Research Subjects and Core

Concepts

When studying music education and mental health,

people first need to clarify the characteristics of the

research object. The impact of music education will

vary depending on the research subject. Blasco-

Magraner et al. focused on the emotional

development of children aged 3 to 12 years old

(Blasco-Magraner et al., 2021). They found that

music education might be of great help to teenagers

in enhancing their emotional awareness, self-control

and social skills.The author's systematic review

indicates that music instruction enhances children's

emotional awareness and regulation skills, with 65%

of the youngsters exhibiting elevated levels of

emotional comprehension (Blasco-Magraner et al.,

2021). This reinforces the perspective of the current

study that instructing youngsters in music not only

facilitates the acquisition of new abilities but also

enhances their emotional and mental well-being.

Currently, children have unprecedented emotional

and social obstacles, and music has emerged as a

valuable instrument for developing these

The Effects of Music Education on Learning Motivation and Mental Health

693

competencies, alleviating stress, and mitigating

mental health issues.

Alvarenga's research focusses on adults,

examining music's ability to modulate emotions

during stressful circumstances (Alvarenga).The

results indicated that participants involved in musical

activities throughout the evaluation exhibited a

notable decrease in anxiety levels after experiencing

stress.Approximately 80% of participants indicated

significant emotional relief through musical

engagement, with their worry levels declining from

an average of 7.5 out of 10 prior to the investigation

to 5.2 following the intervention (Alvarenga). This

discovery made me deeply realize that music can not

only be used as a skill training tool, but also an

important means of stress management for adults,

especially in contemporary society, where adults are

facing increasing work and life pressures. Engaging

in music activities more often may significantly

alleviate stress and anxiety in people, hence

enhancing their mental health.

De Witte et al. performed a meta-analysis to

investigate the impact of music therapy on reducing

symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression in certain

populations (De Witte et al., 2022). They examined

20 randomised controlled studies on music therapy

and concluded that it reduced anxiety symptoms.

Music therapy, in contrast, somewhat reduced

depression symptoms (effect size: 0.42) (De Witte et

al., 2022). This data made me realize that music

therapy can not only play a role in emotion regulation

in healthy people, but also bring significant mental

health improvements to special groups.In these

populations, music, as a non-pharmacological

intervention, has fewer adverse effects and may

markedly enhance patients' quality of life.

Consequently, the author believe that music therapy

need to be more extensively used in mental health

treatment moving forward.

"Music education" encompasses not just technical

development but also the enhancement of emotional,

cognitive, and social competencies. Hallam said that

music education enhanced people' adaptation to

social life by fostering emotional comprehension and

management (Hallam, 2010; Hallam, 2020). The

author contend that this is also the rationale behind

the close association between music education and

mental wellness.Music aids individuals, especially

adolescents, in identifying appropriate coping

mechanisms for psychological stress through its

unique emotional expression and regulatory

functions. Engaging in music may enhance

individuals' emotional regulation skills, a vital aspect

of mental health preservation (Hallam, 2020).

3.2 The Relationship Between Music

Education and Mental Health

The connection between music education and mental

health can be examined from various perspectives.

The research conducted by Blasco-Magraner et al.

demonstrated that music instruction significantly

influences children's emotional cognition and

regulation.In their retrospective study, 65% of the

participants scored significantly higher in tests of

emotional cognition and social skills, indicating that

music education has a positive impact on children's

mental health (Blasco-Magraner et al., 2021). The

author think this finding emphasizes that music

education not only helps children improve their skills,

but also provides them with effective emotional

support to help them deal with psychological

challenges in their growth process.In contemporary

society, children encounter numerous social demands

and emotional turmoil. Music education can provide

as a secure outlet for emotional expression and assist

individuals in cultivating effective emotional

regulation strategies.

Alvarenga shown that music can markedly reduce

stress and anxiety. Music-related tasks helped study

participants control their feelings, and their anxiety

levels went down from 7.5 (before the experiment) to

5.2 (after the intervention) (Alvarenga). This

evidence supports the idea that music can help people

control their emotions, especially when it comes to

dealing with the high amounts of stress that many

adults face today.This further solidified my belief that

music education should go beyond the confines of

traditional school curricula and into the wider

community as a means for people to manage their

emotions in the face of societal and occupational

demands.

De Witte et al.'s meta-analysis indicates that

music therapy can significantly alleviate anxiety and

depression in specific populations. Studies

demonstrate that music therapy yields an effect size

of 0.65 for anxiety and 0.42 for depressive symptoms

(De Witte et al., 2022).This outcome profoundly

highlighted the distinctive significance of music

therapy in mental health care.For many elderly

patients or those with long-term illnesses, drug

treatment may not be the only option. Music therapy

provides a non-invasive, low-side effect

psychological intervention method. The author

personally believe that in the future, music therapy

should be considered a standard treatment method in

elderly care and mental health treatment, rather than

just an auxiliary means.

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In addition, Sutcliffe et al. explained the

physiological effects of music on emotions from the

perspective of neuroscience. Studies have shown that

music helps people regulate mood and relieve stress

by stimulating the brain's reward system and

promoting the release of dopamine and endorphins

(Sutcliffe et al., 2020). This study increased my

knowledge of how music influences emotions and

mental health on a physiological basis.The progress

of modern psychology and neuroscience shows that

music is not only helpful to people emotionally, but

its neurophysiological effects provide people with a

scientific basis.The findings suggest that the

significance of music in mental health interventions

should not be overlooked. It serves as an efficient

instrument for assisting persons in sustaining

emotional equilibrium.

Hallam stated that community music activities

may enhance social skills and promote social support,

ultimately improving mental health.Engaging in

collective musical endeavours, such as choirs and

ensembles, can improve musical skills while

cultivating a sense of community and reciprocal

support (Hallam, 2020). Simultaneously, the author

contend that in contemporary culture, particularly

with rapid urbanisation and pervasive emotional

isolation, communal music activities serve as a vital

social platform. Music facilitates profound emotional

connections, fosters a sense of belonging, and

alleviates loneliness, all of which are crucial for

mental health.

4 CONCLUSION

This study examines the impact of music instruction

on adolescents' emotional well-being, learning

motivation, and cognitive development.The results

show that music education successfully promotes the

growth of adolescents' learning motivation and

cognitive abilities in addition to greatly improving

emotional well-being.With the growing societal and

academic focus on teenagers' mental health issues,

music education is increasingly recognised as a

crucial instrument for promoting adolescents' overall

development.

The study revealed that music education

significantly influences the emotional well-being of

adolescents. Blasco-Magraner et al. demonstrate that

youngsters engaged in music education exhibit

enhanced abilities to recognise and manage emotions.

Through music, individuals acquire emotional

expressiveness and enhance their emotional

regulation. Alvarenga underscores the capacity of

musical activities to alleviate stress in participants,

particularly in relation to the anxiety and

psychological strain common in contemporary

culture. Research demonstrates that the emotional

expression and control capabilities of music aid

adolescents in adeptly navigating life's adversities, so

bolstering their mental resilience and emotional well-

being.Adolescents frequently employ music as a

means of emotion to alleviate anxiety and loneliness

when confronted with scholastic pressure, social

challenges, or familial issues.

Furthermore, music education substantially

influences adolescents' drive to learn and their

academic achievement. Baylarova-Alakbarova

discovered that pupils involved in music education

had increased interest and involvement in other areas.

Music education enhances students' artistic abilities

while also fostering their willingness to engage in

other academic disciplines.For example, Zhang

pointed out that music study can stimulate students'

interest in mathematics, language and other subjects,

especially through rhythm, harmony and structure in

music, students' abstract thinking and logical

reasoning skills are exercised. Unlike standard

classroom instruction, music education can inspire

students' inner motivation and increase their

excitement for learning activities outside of the

classroom because of its distinctive inventiveness and

involvement.

Moreover, music education markedly improves

pupils' self-assurance and interpersonal abilities. Sun

posits that youngsters engaged in collective music

activities, including choirs, bands, and orchestras,

typically exhibit improved teamwork and social

competencies. In addition to fostering the

development of students' musical skills, these group

activities also create a sense of responsibility and

cooperation among them.In music activities, students

must cooperate and synchronize with each other, and

this social participation has a positive impact on

enhancing self-confidence and a sense of belonging.

In the context of a diverse and modern society,

community music activities provide an important

platform for emotional support and social

engagement for adolescents.

The cognitive benefits of music instruction are

also a major theme of research. Wilson and Prior

showed that students who participated in music

activities often performed better on cognitive tasks,

including memory, attention, language skills, and

mathematical thinking. Learning music is more than

just an artistic experience; it may stimulate multiple

areas of the brain and induce neuroplasticity, thereby

improving students' general cognitive abilities.This

The Effects of Music Education on Learning Motivation and Mental Health

695

conclusion is corroborated by several

interdisciplinary research demonstrating that music

instruction improves students' comprehension of

proportional relationships in mathematics and

phonological principles in language. Music education

enhances pupils' logical reasoning and linguistic

comprehension.

In conclusion, music education significantly

enhances adolescents' emotional health, academic

motivation, cognitive development, and social

abilities.These findings underscore the importance of

music education as a multifunctional tool that

facilitates students' emotional regulation, enhances

their academic performance, and promotes social

integration.Future educational techniques may

improve access to music teaching, particularly in

increasing teenage mental health and academic

performance.Incorporating music education into the

standard curriculum and social activities allows

schools to provide students with more comprehensive

developmental opportunities and aids them in

managing the intricacies of modern society.

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