File Data Security Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography

K. Venkatesh, Swaroopa Bhupalam, Rohini Bheemanapalli,

Suvarchala Bhupalam and Yugandhar Kodigi

Department of CSE (Data Science), Srinivasa Ramanujan Institute of Technology Anantapur‑515001, Andhra Pradesh,

India

Keywords: Encryption, Data Security, Symmetric Encryption, Quantum Threats.

Abstract: By encrypting the data, private information can be sent through insecure channels without loss of it or

alterations by the other participants. Many algorithms are designed for users data security. AES is fast

symmetric encryption, ECC is efficient asymmetric encryption and Quantum ECC finds an accurate way to

thwart emerging quantum attacks. Due to quantum computing a safe, effective way to secure the files and

with the security of the data could be established.

1 INTRODUCTION

We care most about file data security in recent years.

Actually, Cloud offers numerous security

algorithms, flexibility and accessibility to the files’

data. Some sensitive information is transferred via

cloud/internet, but thus there can be cyberattacks.

Classical cryptographic algorithms, such as RSA,

AES, etc., are instrumental in securing data-in-

motion and data-at-rest.

However, RSA and AES are symmetric

algorithms which means it has to have same key for

encryption and for decryption. Just as an added bit of

information, yes symmetric key management is

helped by symmetric encryption algorithms like AES.

Goodman (R. Lu, X. Yuan, and X. Lin et al., 2021)

states that in cloud data, massive data are stored in

the distributed system. Of more interest to us is the

necessity of new cryptosystems that are secure, yet

still scalable. Furthermore, As ECC with Quantum

grows the possibility to break aged encryption

systems is real. The second bit, due to the fact that it

is able to be in all states at the same time, is the basis

for giving quantum computers a much higher

processing capacity than traditional ones. The use of

ECC with quantum gives strong security on data and

also the time of encryption and decryption is better

than both RSA and AES. We will describe how

encryption based on quantum computing offers a

great potential to fix these problems by introducing

better security protocols.

QKD is one of the protocols that securely transfers

the keys by utilizing the nature of qunatum. With

quantum encryption, any interference with quantum-

encrypted data can interfere with its transmission, and

thus signalling its transmission status is more easily

detected. Long-term security is guaranteed with the

quantum algorithms against these threats. There is a

brighter side of the use of data encryption through

quantum mechanism. Now-a-days, using cloud

providers data shall be stored in encrypted form.

Faster encryption methods could be conceivable from

quantum systems according to quantum mechanism

(Grover’s method for faster search and Shor’s method

for factoring large numbers) that would be more

power-efficient and resource-efficient compared to

traditional encryption techniques. These attributes are

particularly useful in cloud scenarios, where

computing resources are usually spread across several

centers and the network traffic is large (J. Shen, J.

Niu, J. Cao, and Y. Mei et al., 2020). Quantum

computing has also impacted applications ranging

from cloud environments to network protocols since

quantum computing also provides an opportunity to

revisit the entire architecture of data protection

systems (Chhabra and S. Arora et al., 2024). Rather

than a singular focus on application-level data at

rest/on the move encryption, Quantum cryptography

may drive a new holistic approach to security that

spans from continually and holistically protecting

data from processing to storage to transmission etc.

Furthermore, using ECC for quantum encryption

can detect new threats like cyber or AI-driven attacks

648

Venkatesh, K., Bhupalam, S., Bheemanapalli, R., Bhupalam, S. and Kodigi, Y.

File Data Security Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography.

DOI: 10.5220/0013887800004919

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Research and Development in Information, Communication, and Computing Technologies (ICRDICCT‘25 2025) - Volume 2, pages

648-653

ISBN: 978-989-758-777-1

that can rapidly break an encryption algorithm. A

quantum encryption/AI protection system combo

could be the next generation of security measures

that are more responsive to dynamic threats as the

capabilities of AI also continue to advance. Quantum

computer-oriented encryption and ECC in cloud

environments 103 This may also standardize the

industry-wide usage of QSC. (X. Kong, J. Wang, and

Q. Ni et al., 2022)

As ever more sophisticated digital networks link

the world, quantum computing is needed to protect

sensitive information, and this research will help

bring this technology nearer to the mainstream

through cloud-based service. As quantum computing

evolves, this has already far-reaching consequences

for cybersecurity in the cloud, and now lays the

groundwork for the creation of secure, efficient data

protection mechanisms vital for preserving privacy

and trust in a digital world. ECC with quantum

mechanism designed for cloud environment remove

more secure principle even image encryption and

decryption take less time than traditional method. It

logs the file request information in the user data

logins. Additionally, presents the decrypted data to

the end users. It’s also one of the best benefits to the

other as who uses it can easily track their details. This

is the most empowering use for us.

1.1 Purpose of the Study

In particular, this study aims to develop quantum

computing-based ECC and to compare it with AES,

for overcoming the limitations of conventional

encryption technology, improving the efficiency of

encryption technology for large-scale data, and

establish an effective response system for changes in

cyber threats by supplementing the limitations of

traditional encryption technologies in terms of

scalability and computational efficiency. The

development of ECC with quantum and the

corresponding comparison with AES to mitigate the

limitations of classical cryptographic solutions in

terms of scalability and computational overhead,

enhance the performance of large data encryption,

and guarantee the resilience of cyber security against

new type of attacks will be an outcome of the

research.

1.2 Problem Statement

Conventional file-based encryption schemes in

(EB)DS are challenged by limited scalability,

computational efficiency issues, and non-quantum

resistance. AES has a high-speed encryption but

dedicate to the key management problem, while ECC

has a smaller key size with a strong security service.

But new quantum breakthroughs are challenging

traditional encryption systems. In this paper it has

proposed a hybrid Encryption of files replacing AES

with ECC (Quantum) with Quantum for files security.

The encryption and decryption times are compared,

and the graph-based performance analysis is provided

to maximize security and efficiency. The model

offers confidentiality, integrity, and quantum- safe

encryption to provide secure scalable cloud data

protection.

2 RELATED WORKS

Proposed method the quantum encryption scheme

that presented in (PristiQ 2024) has been designed of

the cloud data based on the multi-client universal

circuit for full-blind computationally secure query.

Using the proposed technique, the cryptographic

computation is outsourced to the key center by a large

number of customers who possess restricted quantum

capabilities, in order to contract with a trusted key

center for key generation and data encryption, and

then upload the encrypted data to a data center.

Fusing Grover’s search algorithm, the scheme

provides a searchable and query-able ciphertext, and

retains its quantum resistance. The authors also give

a detailed explicit example for searching on an

encrypted 2-qubit data and perform a full security

analysis which show that the scheme is secure against

external attack and internal attack.

Paper (M. S. Ali et al., 2021) explores various

paradigm of cloud computing, blockchain and

quantum computing, the symbiotic association

among cloud computing, blockchain and quantum

computing etc and alleviate the current constrains by

symbiotic solution. The framework protects data from

quantum attacks by applying lattice-based

cryptographic techniques and quantum-safe

cryptographic protocols, like QKD, to secure data

against quantum attacks. Enterprises are primarily

focusing on securing their data from the quantum

attacks and gain maximum advantage of overall

system efficiency, quantum key generation rate, and

encryption and decryption operations. It is useful

mostly in security for data in files also as to security

for quantum threats.

The paper titled "PristiQ: This preprint published

by arXiv in 2024 introduces "PristiQ" which

represents a Co-Design Framework devoted to

safeguarding quantum learning security in cloud

environments. The research presents "PristiQ" as a

File Data Security Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography

649

co-design framework which addresses data security

requirements for quantum machine learning (QML)

applications within quantum-as-a-service (QaaS)

systems. The authors include an encryption subcircuit

with additional safe qubits connected to a user-

specified security key since they are aware of the risks

of data leakage while utilizing cloud-based quantum

computers to run QML models. This approach

enhances data security by ensuring that the quantum

data remains encrypted during computation. The

study introduces an automated search system which

optimizes model execution on quantum data while it

remains encrypted. Experimental evidence

demonstrates PristiQ delivers secure quantum data

protection along with QML application performance

maintenance through system testing on IBM quantum

hardware and simulation models.

Article (V. S. Pendyala et al., 2021) shows the

necessity of safeguarding proprietary and sensitive

quantum code in cloud-based quantum computing

systems against hostile or unreliable actors is

discussed in this paper. In order to stop sensitive data

from leaking over the cloud, the authors suggest

"SPYCE," a system that obfuscates quantum code and

output.

Article (IBM 2024) IBM's article discusses the

emerging cybersecurity challenges posed by quantum

computing, particularly concerning data. IBM

advocates for the adoption of quantum-safe

cryptographic algorithms to mitigate these risks,

highlighting the importance of proactive measures to

secure data against future quantum attacks.

3 METHODOLOGY

The methodology introduces a quantum computing

algorithm to encrypt cloud data, enhancing security

and efficiency. This approach enables rapid

encryption and decryption processes, reducing

computational overhead compared to classical

methods. The system enhances scalability using

quantum key distribution for secure key management

in cloud environments. Figure 1 shows the

File Data

Security with Elliptic Curve Cryptography flowchart.

3.1 Implementation Modules

In our Advancing files Data Protection with

Cryptographic Algorithms, we have performed the

implementation of certain modules.

3.1.1 Data Owner



up on the website by providing his/her credentials.



website using the credentials after receiving

authorization from the cloud administrator.



Upload Files: This allows the data owner to upload

the files into the cloud and these uploaded files can be

viewed by the data user and can send file requests to

the owner to download the files.



View Files: It allows data user to view files that are

uploaded by the data owner in that website and can

also send the file request to the data owner.



View file Requests: It enables the data owner to see

requests from data users and decrypt files as needed.

3.1.2 Data User

 Register: This option allows the data user to

create an account on the website by providing

his/her credentials.

 Login: It enables the data owner to access the

website using the credentials after receiving

authorization from the cloud administrator.

 View Files: It allows data user to view files that

are uploaded by the data owner in that website

and can also send the file request to the data

owner.

 View Responses: It allows the data user to track

the status of the file request that was send to the

data owner.

 Download Files: Once we get the acceptance of

file request from the data owner then the data

user can download the file and read it.

3.1.3 Cloud Administrator



Authorize Data Owners: It enables the

administrator to review and authorize or deauthorize

registered data owners.



Authorize Data Users: This permits the

administrator to review and authorize or deauthorize

registered data users.



Send Keys: The key was securely shared to the

registered data user for decrypting the data.

3.2 Architecture & Performance

3.2.1 Quantum-Based Encryption in ECC

Algorithm

As part of the encryption and decryption processes,

this quantum-based encryption method puts to use the

ICRDICCT‘25 2025 - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INFORMATION,

COMMUNICATION, AND COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES

650

special capabilities of quantum computing in order to

produce cryptographic keys as well as carry out

encryption and decryption procedures.

3.2.2 Quantum Key Generation

The primary idea behind this algorithm is that it is

based on the use of quantum circuits to create a

random cryptographic key. There is a key operation

in quantum computing known as the Hadamard gate,

which is essentially a superposition of states for the

qubit, resulting in a more randomized outcome.

Putting the Hadamard gates behind the qubits, the

circuit measures their states after they have been

applied to the qubits There is an inherent randomness

in quantum systems that ensures the key is

unpredictable and very difficult for any adversary to

replicate without access to the quantum system itself

in order to obtain the key.

3.2.3 Advantages of Quantum Key

Generation in ECC

One of the key strengths of this algorithm lies in the

quantum-generated key. Traditional random number

generators (RNGs) rely on algorithms and can, in

theory, be predicted if an attacker has enough

computational power.

3.3 Text to Binary Conversion

Figure 1: Flow chart for File Data Security with Elliptic

Curve Cryptography.

The text_to_binary function converts the text to be

encrypted into a binary representation. Encrypting

and decrypting binary data is only possible with

XOR-based encryption and decryption.

def text_to_binary_v3(text):

return ' ‘. join (format (byte, '08b') for byte in

text.encode('utf-8'))

3.4 Encryption

The encrypt_text function in the algorithm converts a

bitwise XOR (exclusive OR) operation between the

binary representation of the text and the

quantum-generated key. XOR encryption is a simple

and effective method for changing the data. In this

case, the binary text is encrypted by iterating over

each bit and performing XOR with the corresponding

bit. If the key is shorter than the text, it wraps around

and repeats the key. Encrypted code is given below:

encrypted_data = ''.join(str(int(b) ^ int(k)) for b, k

in zip(binary_text, key)

This results in an encrypted binary string, which

is the ciphertext.

3.5 Decryption

The decrypt_text function is reverse mechanism of

encryption process by applying XOR operation again.

The decrypted is given below:

decrypted_binary = ''.join(str(int(b) ^ int(k)) for b, k

in zip(encrypted_data, quantum_key))

XOR is a symmetric operation, meaning that the

same key used for encryption can also decrypt the

data. The encrypted binary string is XORed with the

same key to recover the original binary text, which is

then converted back to the original text using the

binary_to_text function.

3.6 AES vs ECC-Quantum

File data security in cloud relies on encryption

algorithms to ensure data confidentiality, integrity,

and authentication. AES is widely used symmetric

encryption method is for speed and efficiency. Data

is encrypted using a single key that can be used for

both methods, making it ideal for fast processing of

data. However, AES requires complex key

management and is vulnerable to brute-force attacks

as computing power increases.

Unlike AES, ECC-Quantum ensures long-term

security by making cryptographic attacks infeasible

even with quantum advancements. This paper

compares AES and ECC-Quantum by analyzing their

encryption and decryption times and presenting a

File Data Security Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography

651

graph-based performance evaluation. While AES

remains efficient for short-term encryption, ECC-

Quantum provides a future-proof solution against

quantum threats. By integrating both techniques,

cloud security can achieve optimal performance and

resilience, balancing speed, scalability, and quantum

resistance in modern encryption systems.

4 RESULTS AND EVALUATION

The results for the files Data Protection with ECC of

Quantum mechanism:

Figure 2: Graph Performance for AES Algorithm.

In Figure 2, AES provides the fast and efficient

symmetric encryption but also faces some challenges

in key management and quantum vulnerabilities,

making it suitable for short-term security. As it also

includes a single key for encryption and decryption.

Figure 3: Graph Performance for ECC-Quantum

Algorithm.

In figure 3, ECC with Quantum Cryptography

provides the secure encryption, faster decryption, and

reduced computational overhead. As it uses two keys

for the encryption and decryption process.

5 CONCLUSIONS

File data security is used to address the emerging

threats, computational efficiency, and scalability

challenges. Traditional encryption methods like AES

and ECC provide strong security, but they face

limitations in key management and resistance to

quantum attacks. AES is widely used for fast and

efficient symmetric encryption, making it ideal for

real-time data processing but vulnerable to brute-

force attacks as computing power increases. On the

other hand, ECC offers the strong asymmetric

encryption with smaller key sizes, reducing

computational overhead while maintaining high

security. However, ECC alone is not sufficient to

quantum threats. To overcome those challenges, ECC

with Quantum Cryptography provides the quantum-

resistant techniques, along with long-term security

against advanced attacks. The combination of AES,

ECC, and ECC with Quantum optimizes the

encryption and decryption times, high security and

performance in cloud environments. Graph-based

analysis shows that while AES provides fast

encryption, ECC- Quantum helps in the future-proof

data protection with significantly improved

decryption efficiency. The study shows a hybrid

encryption model which shows the AES for speed,

ECC for security, and Quantum Cryptography for

quantum attacks provides the most efficient cloud

security framework. As quantum computing

advances, integrating quantum-resistant encryption

becomes essential for securing the cloud-based

applications and protecting sensitive data in the long

run.

REFERENCES

A. Chhabra and S. Arora “An Elliptic Curve Cryptography

Based Encryption Scheme for Securing the Cloud

Against Eavesdropping Attacks” by IEEE 3rd

International Conference on Collaboration and Internet

Computing, 2024

B. Liu and X. Li, "Towards Secure Cloud Storage: A

Survey of Cryptographic Techniques", in IEEE 3rd

International Conference on Computing,

Communications and Networking, 2020, pp. 305-310.

D. R. S. C. R. P. Kumar, "Cloud Data Security and Privacy

Using Multi-Level Encryption Mechanism", Journal of

Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and

Applications, vol. 8, pp. 110-118, 2020.

Dong Pan; Gui-Lu Long; Liuguo Yin; Yu-Bo Sheng; Dong

Ruan; Soon Xin Ng; Jianhua Lu; Lajos Hanzo,” The

Evolution of Quantum Secure Direct Communication:

On the Road to the Qinternet” Vol. 26 ,202

ICRDICCT‘25 2025 - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INFORMATION,

COMMUNICATION, AND COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES

652

G. Wang and Z. Zong, "A Secure Data Sharing and Privacy-

Preserving Scheme Based on Blockchain in Cloud

Computing", Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances,

Systems and Applications, vol. 8, pp. 79-94, 2021.

H. Zhang, C. Wang, and F. L. Lewis, "An Efficient and

Secure Data Sharing Scheme in Cloud Computing",

International Journal of Communication Systems, vol.

33, no. 3, pp. e4464, 2020.

IBM, "Quantum-safe cryptography: How it affects your

information in the cloud," IBM Think Blog, 2024.

J. Shen, J. Niu, J. Cao, and Y. Mei, "A Survey on Cloud

Security Issues and Techniques: Cryptographic and

Non- Cryptographic Approaches", IEEE Transactions

on Services Computing, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 434-451,

2020.

K. Khan and R. Qazi, "Data Security in Cloud Computing

Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography," International

Journal of Computing and Communication Networks,

vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 46-52, 2022.

Kyu-Seok Shim; Boseon Kim; Wonhyuk Lee “Research on

Quantum Key, Distribution Key and Post-Quantum

Cryptography Key Applied Protocols for Data Science

and Web Security” published in IEEE Access in 2024.

L. Wang, L. Xie, and L. Xu, "Privacy-Preserving Cloud

Data Access Control Based on Attribute-Based

Encryption", IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing,

vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 637-646, 2018.

M. - Q. Hong, P. - Y. Wang, and W. - B. Zhao,

"Homomorphic Encryption Plan In view of Elliptic

Bend Cryptography for Security Assurance of

Distributed computing", in IEEE second Global

Meeting on Huge Information Security on Cloud

(BigDataSecurity), Superior Execution and Brilliant

Figuring (HPSC), and Savvy Information and Security

(IDS), 2016, pp. 152-157.

M. Xu, D. Zhang, and X. Zhou, "A Lightweight Cloud Data

Encryption Scheme for Data Privacy Protection", IEEE

Access, vol. 8, pp. 151315-151325, 2020.

M. S. Ali, K. K. R. Choo, and S. H. Ahmed, "Blockchain-

Based Secure Data Storage and Access Control for

Cloud Applications", IEEE Transactions on Cloud

Computing, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1215-1226, 2021.

M. S. Siddiqui, M. M. Rashid, and S. S. K. Iqbal, "Post-

Quantum Cryptography: Securing Cloud Data from

Quantum Threats", Future Generation Computer

Systems, vol. 122, pp. 76-88, 2021.

M. Albrecht, "Quantum-Resistant Cryptography in Cloud

Environments", in ACM International Conference on

Security and Privacy, 2021, pp. 211-220.

PristiQ "Towards an Original Protection Safeguarding

Circulated Multiparty Information Reevaluating Plan

for Distributed Computing with Quantum Key

Dispersion", 2024

R. Lee, S. L. Liu, and W. L. Yang, "Design and

Implementation of a Privacy-Preserving Cloud Storage

System", Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances,

Systems and Applications, vol. 10, pp. 45-58, 2021.

R. Lu, X. Yuan, and X. Lin, "Homomorphic Encryption for

Cloud Computing: An Overview", IEEE

Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 23, no. 4,

pp. 2381-2405, 2021.

T. K. Shanmugam, K. L. P. Nair, and R. S. G. Dinesh,

"Security and Privacy in Cloud Computing: A Survey",

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science

and Applications, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 404-409, 2017.

V. S. Pendyala, S. M. Arafath, and S. R. Kulkarni, "Elliptic

Curve Cryptography for Real-Time Data Encryption in

IoT and Cloud Computing", IEEE Internet of Things

Journal, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 3615-3623, 2021.

Wenjie Liu et al.,"Quantum Accessible Encryption for

Cloud Information In view of Full-Blind Quantum

Calculation" arXiv in 2023.

X. Kong, J. Wang, and Q. Ni, "Efficient Data Security and

Privacy-Preserving Scheme in Cloud Computing",

IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 24356-24367, 2022.

File Data Security Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography

653