globalized context. The Western stereotype of
"Orientalism" poses a significant challenge. In
Western cultural contexts, an Orientalist perspective
has long framed Eastern cultures as mysterious,
backward, or exotic "others," reflecting a biased
cognitive framework (Yang & Yao, 2025; Ying & Li,
2025). While Black Myth: Wukong showcases the
unique charm of Chinese culture, Western players
may unconsciously be influenced by this stereotype,
overemphasizing the game’s fantastical elements as
material satisfying their curiosity for exotic Eastern
culture while overlooking the deeper connotations
and values of Chinese culture.
This phenomenon suggests that Chinese culture
remains structurally disadvantaged in the global
hierarchy of cultural discourse, facing the latent
influence of Western cultural power. Cultural
communication should not focus solely on surface-
level engagement and influence but also consider how
to dismantle unequal cultural power dynamics,
enabling Western players to genuinely understand
and embrace the essence of Chinese culture and
avoiding unidirectional, misinterpreted cultural
output (Meng & Cui, 2024).
3.2 Overreliance on Classic IPs
Many studies on Black Myth: Wukong focus on the
adaptation potential of the Journey to the West IP. As
a masterpiece of Chinese classical literature, Journey
to the West enjoys high recognition and rich cultural
connotations, providing a culturally resonant and
narratively rich foundation for the game’s creation.
By leveraging the story background and character
imagery of Journey to the West, the game constructs
a fantastical Eastern world, attracting a wide player
base. Level designs and character portrayals closely
align with Journey to the West, with the "Destined
One" modeled after Sun Wukong and players
encountering numerous demons from the original text,
evoking memories and interest in the classic story (Li,
2024c; Li & Gao, 2024). From a cultural
communication perspective, utilizing classic IPs
rapidly captures audience attention, evokes cultural
memories and emotional resonance, reduces
communication barriers, and enhances dissemination
effects (Li, 2024c; Yang & Yao, 2025).
However, this overreliance on classic IPs has
sparked controversy, criticized as "nostalgic
innovation." Overdependence on classic IPs may
limit the pluralistic and original of cultural
communication. On one hand, concentrating
resources on classic IP adaptations may hinder
exploration of original cultural IPs, which could
showcase more diverse cultural content and creativity,
opening new domains and perspectives for cultural
communication. On the other hand, creating original
IPs is inherently challenging, requiring innovation,
market insight, and the construction of expansive,
logically coherent systems, compounded by intense
cultural market competition and promotion
difficulties. Balancing diverse cultural and
contemporary characteristics further increases
creation complexity, making original IP development
scarce. Overreliance on classic IPs may constrain the
development space for original IPs, impeding the
cultivation of innovative and distinctive cultural
products (Ying & Li, 2025).
Moreover, long-term reliance on classic IPs may
lead to fixed thinking patterns and creative formulas.
For example, adaptations of Journey to the West may
remain confined to the original story framework and
character settings, lacking new interpretations and
innovative expressions of cultural connotations,
failing to meet the increasingly diverse cultural
demands of contemporary audiences. This not only
affects the game’s development but also risks
trapping cultural communication in a singular
paradigm, unable to fully showcase the richness and
diversity of Chinese culture (Meng & Cui, 2024).
Therefore, while leveraging classic IPs for cultural
communication, emphasis should be placed on
developing original cultural IPs to promote the
diversification of cultural communication.
3.3 Balancing Commercialization and
Culture
As a commercial game, Black Myth: Wukong’s
profit-driven logic has sparked debates about
balancing commercialization and cultural integrity.
The game employs various profit strategies, with co-
branded marketing being a prominent approach.
Collaborations with Luckin Coffee and Shanxi
Cultural Tourism have launched co-branded products
and tourism activities (Yang & Yao, 2025; Ying & Li,
2025). From a commercial perspective, these
collaborations have achieved significant success,
enhancing the game’s visibility and influence while
generating substantial economic benefits. Luckin’s
"Tengyun Americano" became a popular offline
product, and Shanxi’s related scenic spots saw
significant increases in tourism search interest and
visitor numbers due to their association with the
game’s filming locations (Yang & Yao, 2025; Ying
& Li, 2025).
However, some perspectives argue that such
commercial activities may compromise the purity of