Enhancing Digital Travel Experiences: A Performance Case Study of

Key Websites in India

Nitin Reddy, Peddi Gowtham Balaji, Chamikar P, Yenuganti Omkar Chowdary and Radha D

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Computing,

Bengaluru, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India

Keywords: Performance Optimization Tools, Page Load Speed and Efficiency, Core Web Vitals Insights, Actionable

Improvement Suggestions, Global Testing Capabilities, Mobile Responsiveness Focus.

Abstract: Website speed and efficiency play important roles for delivering excellent users experience especially in high

traffic Website 3 and Website 4 whereby users interaction, conversion rates, and their perceived attitude

towards a Website is influenced by the availability and speed of the Website. This work then performs an

assessment of the said travel websites to identify how well they are performing through key performance

indicators including FCP, LCP, TTI, TBT, CLS and TTFB. Using site analytics tools including but not limited

to Google Lighthouse, Google PageSpeed Insights and GTmetrix, this research aims at gauging performance

across the two platforms, the areas of strength as well as the opportunities for enhancements. The findings

offer practical knowledge about how such platforms operate in practice, and may reveal specific impediments

to rapid operating velocity, active user participation, and visual constancy. On this basis, this study provides

specific recommendations for improvement in loading time, blocking scripts, layout stability, and overall

usability at desktop and mobile web platforms.

1 INTRODUCTION

Website performance is one of today’s essential

components that either positively or negatively

influences user experiences concerning various web-

based interfaces, including travel plat- forms such as

Website 3 and Website 4, Website 5, Website 2,

Website 1, Website 6. Used by millions of users to

book hotels, airlines, and vacation packages slight

delays will lead to abandonment, and negative

perception towards the brand or company. This work

presents an analysis of Website 3 and Website 4 with

an emphasis on time to first byte, page speed,

interactivity, and reliability. Our goal, therefore, is

to establish a benchmark for these sites based on the

findings of analyses using sophisticated tools such as

Google Lighthouse, PageSpeed

Insights, and GTmetrix to determine what

strengths these sites have and what weaknesses should

be leveraged or fixed to capture user attention and

encourage interaction.

The market features increased competition from

players in the travel and booking platforms domain,

with users implying high standards from

performance, load speed, and relevancy within search

results. These are the specific questions that this study

aims to answer: What specific measures define

Website 3’s and Airbnb’s KPI, and what do Website

4 KPI include? We aim to provide insights into their

SEO strategies, traffic patterns, and performance

efficiency, which are crucial for maintaining market

share and user satisfaction.The rest of the paper is

structured as follows: Section II is the Literature

Review, Section III is the Experiments, Section IV is

the Analysis, and the final section is Conclusion

Future Work.

2 RELATED WORK

Kumar et al. (Kumar, Kumar, et al. 2021). emphasize

the vulnerability of websites and stress the idea of

monitoring and analyzing the performance of Web

sites with respect to accessibility, usability and

security. Some of the tools used for audits include the

SEOptimer and the Qualidator and these give

important changes that need to be made for the user

to have a better experience as well as pointing out the

Reddy, N., Gowtham Balaji, P., P, C., Chowdary, Y. O. and D, R.

Enhancing Digital Travel Experiences: A Performance Case Study of Key Websites in India.

DOI: 10.5220/0013593000004664

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Futuristic Technology (INCOFT 2025) - Volume 2, pages 389-397

ISBN: 978-989-758-763-4

389

strengths in security. For this reason their studies

demonstrate the importance of such tools to identify

and prevent the issues that might interfere with the

user interaction or draw attention to the existing

security threats. According to the study, performance

check is suggested as best practice that can be adopted

in the ever growing technological environment for

constant evaluation of quality and safety of the

website.

The work focus on the effect of web analytics on

SMEs in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia especially in e-

commerce business.

(Pradana, and Suprayogi, 2021). The study

focused in the quan- titative characteristics of the

internet and/web data part within the managerial

perception of the SMEs that employ tools such as the

GA to evaluate their performance. Through

interviews with eight Saudi SMEs, the authors

identified four key themes: the types of the web

analytics tools, which are required for the

organizations, the factors, that make organizations

start using web analytics tools, and the impacts, which

the tools have on financial and non-financial

performances and the decision making process. The

study found that the utilization of these tools was

useful in the enhancement of performance of SMEs

and to SMEs, they assisted in decision making by

providing direction in form of KPIs. This study

emphasizes on the importance of adopting WAM to

boost the business performance of SME and

advocates for a better understanding of KPI by policy

makers. However, the study also has its limitations;

the number of participants is limited and the study

focuses only on particular kind of industries;

therefore, the researchers should use a larger and

more heterogeneous population and geographic area.

The author aims at optimizing the SFV website

(Panduwika, and Solehatin, 2024) which consists of

applying Google PageSpeed Insight optimization

techniques. This optimization comprised of down-

scaling images by 30per and converting them to webp

format with respect to the image quality and

determine the increase in the website loading speed.

This improvements increased the PageSpeed score

from 47 to 63 and proved that such optimizations are

effective. From social experiment conducted among

twenty users it was revealed that 82 per cent users

were satisfied with the improvement in features of

website such as speed, image, etc. Therefore, it

reiterates the importance of periodic assessment of

the site and changes in factors connected with the

User Experience.

The author aims at examining the effect of

employing web analytics tool on the performance of

small and medium en- terprises SMEs in Saudi Arabia

focusing on the e-commerce segment (Almatrafi,

Alharbi, et al. 2023). In the present research, with

the data obtained from eight interviews of the

employees of SMEs, the authors interested in

identification of usage of Google Analytics, Zid

Analytics and other tools. Some of the major benefits

realised when using web analysis tools are;; improved

financial and or non-financial performance, improved

decision making, and realisation of general business

strategies. From the research, the enhancement of the

above tools improves business performance, clients’

satisfaction and organization effectiveness.

Muhammad Saad, et.al. (Saad, Zia, et al. 2022)

uses a cross-sectional survey re- search method to

evaluate usability characteristics of healthcare web

sites. The articles chosen are mostly comprised from

the year 2017 to 2021 From the identified digital

libraries like IEEE, ACM, Scopus, ScienceDirect and

other scholarly journal databases. From the initial

search, we found 10,512 papers out of which 55

papers were selected based on research questions and

quality assessment They exactly used usability

Features like identifying and emphasizing special

characteristics that affect interaction and experience

in health care websites, usability testing methodolo-

gies that were used to measure or assess gains

associated with linkage to usability related issues,

frequently encountered test challenges for users and

developers. This extended approach should provide

significant inputs which can be useful lines, and

Challenges faced by them are Qualifying common

usability issues arising from user and developer.

The paper focuses on the deem of e- government

website efficiency for which DEA as a non-

parametric method is employed (Supriya, Rathinavel,

et al. 2024). It also considers stacking for improving

its predictive performance, and the method by which

models and methods can be combined for the purpose

of achieving such a function with attention given to

the statistical, computational, and representational

thereof. As for the future research, of course, other

models of DEA, ensemble and data mining

techniques can be used to enhance the evaluation

phase of the current paper where DEA is integrated

with the DMS to evaluate Jordan’s e-Government

portals.

The author made a comparative analysis of journal

coverage among three major databases: SciVerse

Web of Science, Sco- pus, and Dimensions database

(Singh, Singh, et al. 2021). When they compared it

with the latest master journal lists they found out that

in terms of coverage it was a lot lower; Web of

Science had the smallest coverage while Dimensions

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390

offered the largest and most comprehensive coverage.

Thus, 99.11per of the 58,620 total journals inside of

WoS are also inside both Scopus and Dimensions,

while records inside of Scopus are 96.42per inside of

Dimensions. The study also revealed cross-sectional

differences in article production rates and discipline

orientation for the 20 coun- tries between the years

2010- 2018. The present study suggests that the

choice of database can influence bibliometric analysis

rather substantially and also, this study opens the

possibility that Dimensions may be of particular value

as it is somewhat more comprehensive.

(Kumaladewi, Rahajeng, et al. 2023) applied

WebQual 4.0, Importance Performance Analysis

(IPA), and GTmetrix to a study of user satisfaction

and web performance. The survey was carried with

84 students and got web quality average of the

WebQual index at 81per points, which indicates the

Web site quality and Usability 79per and Information

Quality 83per and Service interaction quality 83per.

The above analysis provided by IPA identified

essential areas of concern relating to learnability or

the capability to teach or discuss the site in addition

to the ease of navigation improvement in contrast to

the performance test by GTmetrix that rendered the

site a Grade C implying rather satisfying but

somewhat improvable technical performance. In all,

the study shows that the hypothesis that website is

positively evaluated is true though there is need to

target certain areas to make user satisfied and improve

the performance of the website.

The work examines the flow dynamics of a

website from the e- business standpoint Cociorva

(Narassima, Shriram et al. 2022) using multiple

analytics tools to measure critical parameters,

including performance, accessibility, and SEO.

Analytically, this paper elucidates how a detailed

approach can be important in comprehending the

pattern of users and the efficiency of the e-commerce

business in order to fine tune strategies for improved

operational results. There is already a highly

expressiv emphasis on the systematic processing of

the issues at hand and finding keen and efficient ways

to improve the satisfaction of the users along with

raising the business yield. In his study, More

specifically, there is a use of fixation of web analytics

for managing innovative business models for

sustainable competitive advantage in digital

economy.

The author developed a web-based application for

performance testing of e-commerce site with using

the WebpageTest, Page- Speed Insight GTmetrix

performance testing tools (Dhivvya, Dath, et al.

2024). The present research deals with nine

performance parameters like Load Time, First Byte,

Total Blocking Time and the like and out of which ten

e-commerce sites of Bangladesh will be considered

for analysis. The website is built in PHP/MySQL,

CSS/HTML, thus, you can just paste the URL of a

website in order to check its speed automatically. It

was seen from this study that; WebpageTest and

GTmetrix provided more elaborative results where

site7 took the least TBT of 0.03 seconds and site10

took the most LT of 17.78 seconds. Planned

improvements for the update is making the mobile

version of the site, and improving testing.

3 EXPERIMENT

3.1 Google Lighthouse Tools

Google Lighthouse is an optimization tool from

which we use and analyze such indicators of web

page performance as FCP, LCP, SI, TTI. It highlights

issues to do with performance and provides measures

to use as far as loading time, rendering, and

CSS/Javascript are concerned. For example there are

such recommendations as lazy load or code split, it

means that, Insites, for example, estimates not only

the DOM Themes but also the adaptability of the site

to Web Standards. It also estimates the following –

how well the layout is suited for mobile devices, how

stable the layout is (CLS), correct accessibility

aspects for instance color difference, text for the

visually impaired, ARIA labels.

3.2 Page Speed Insights Tools

Overview

PSI measures the Web page load on a mobile and

desktop using the various KPI, which are FCP, SI,

LCP, TTI, and CLS. That of which invaluable that it

provides advice on how to limit superfluous JS that

loads, also servers optimised images apart from the

choice of removing resources that slow down the

rendering process as well as caching resources. Lab

data along with field data are used in this tool for

performing analysis for performance and checking for

mis configurations as well as common breaches like

WebP images and redirects. In particular, metrics that

are valuable to the user such as TTI and Total

Blocking Time (TBT) need to be optimized.

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391

3.3 GTmetrix

GTmetrix is a web-based service that evaluates

website perfor- mance for the desktop and mobile

versions of a site using Page- Speed Insights and

YSlow. Performance scores: It gives different scores

where the page loading times are perfect, and a

waterfall chart makes it easy to find out what caused

the delay such as large images or scripts. These tools

keep record of the history of the processes and trends

on them while also having the video replay which as

McCormick said shows where loading issues are. It

also expands the mobile site for testing and consumer

targeting with first priority given to the international

market. However, due to the guidance for front-end

and backend optimization tips, GTmetrix enhances

engagement with the audience, hence reducing

bounce rates and improving better responsiveness and

performance of websites to rank higher in SERP.

4 ANALYSIS

4.1 Google Lighthouse Tools

Specifically, the Lighthouse report for website 1

shows that its performance score is 65; this means that

further improvements must be made with regard to

the load speed optimization. On this aspect, the site

achieved an impressive 91, which indicates good

accessibility for users of different abilities and a

possibility of a small improvement. Improved score

for the best practices is 93 which means that their

conformity to web standards and security protocols is

good and they can and still improve a little. However,

the SEO score of 42 is very poor, emphasizing the

high potential for work on the website’s increase of

scores in rankings.

Some of the others important findings of the

report include; at first contentful paint the slow

motion has been recorded at 2.3 seconds on average

while the acceptable norm is 1.8 seconds on average.

The Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) is at 2.4 seconds,

and while it has a passing score, there exist room for

improvement. A considerable Total Blocking Time of

3,290 milliseconds is demonstrated, which shows that

scripts or processes interfere with interactivity. The

Speed Index is calculated at 2.8 seconds, and reflects

the average time to receive the first painted pixel

which is the visible part of the page, so it seems that

there is potential for increasing the speed of page

loading for the sake of convenience for the users.

However, the CLS is 0, which means there is no shift

of the page layout during loading and this is favorable

for end users.

Possible for enhancing the performance of the

whole Website 1, for example, is the decrease of TBT

through the improvement of the load speed of scripts

and resource sizes for faster interaction. Other

peculiarities of SEO that would be helpful in making

this website more noticeable include meta tags

optimization, improving the texts and ensuring their

mobile compatibility. By doing the above, it can be

easier for Website 1 to improve on the areas of

weakness so as to make it easier for the customer to

access and use the site and hence improve on the

quality of services offered.

According to the Lighthouse report for the

webpage 2, the score is 90 which dispositions it to the

high performance and good optimization and speed.

However, the accessibility score obtained at this site is

73; this merely means that every contenye is

accessible but there is still a great chance of making

this site suitable for all users especially the disabled.

The practice gap is best at 93, meaning that there is

good compliance with web standards and security

needs with little to focus on. On the flip side, the

provided SEO score is 50, which is again low and

there is good potential for increased visibility on the

search engines.

Head Measurement indicates that First Contentful

Paint achieves a value of 2.7s which is not very

welcoming since it basically shows the ability of the

website to load first time to the user. The Largest

Contentful Paint stands at 3.0s, slightly above the

threshold of 2.5s and optimal improvements exist to

maximize the UX for the customers. On the positive

side Total Blocking Time is 0 milliseconds. Excellent.

That means no blocking resources or heavy scripts

slow down the interactivity of the proposed

prototypes. The Speed Index is at 2.8 at the range of

which is tagged good performance, the CLS was 0

meaning no instances of layout shifts throughout the

loading. Hopefully it is perfect for us for a complete

transition to making user experience hassle free.

This will make the overall performance better if

Website 2 ensures the measures such as resource

loading for focusing on first content paint which deals

with loading of critical assets or optimizing the images

to impact the largest contentfull paint.

Other problems like contrast and correct alt texts for

images can be solved to allow more consumers into a

website. Meta tags should be optimized, and the page

content should be improved to raise the SEO practice.

The effect will be even more visibility on SERP. In

these aspects, Website 2 is more about further

enhancing general user involvement and satisfaction

alongside taking the lead in travel information.

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Table 1: Performance analysis of various Travel Websites

Website-1 Website-2 Website-3 Website-4 Website-5 Website-6

Performance 65 9029767162

SEO 42 50 100 50 42 50

Accessibility 91 73 92 67 90 73

Bes

Practices 93 93 57 96 89 100

Table 2: Performance and Structure Metrics of Various Travel Websites as Analyzed by GTmetrix

Website-1 Website-

Website-3 Website-

Website-5 Website-

GTmetrix

Grade

D (67%) C (78%) E (59%) A (95%) C (75%) B (86%)

Performance

Score

63% 85% 43% 97% 63% 86%

Structure

Score

74% 67% 82% 93% 92% 86%

Largest

Contentful

Paint

832 ms 1.1s 2.0s 1.2 s 1.4 s 1.1s

Total

Blocking

Time

1.6s 235ms 1.6 s 0 ms 616 ms 224ms

Cumulative

out Shift

0.01 0.02 0.09 0.03 0.01 0

Total Page

Size

7.23MB 3.81 MB 6.23 MB 1556KB 1.70 MB 2.06MB

Analyzing Website 3 using Lighthouse we come

across a score of 29 which proves this website to be

rather poor example in terms of optimization and

loading speed. By definition, this site is in the low-

performance area; that is how I became aware of this

site at this stage in the first place to work on the

improvement of its performance and usability. On the

other hand, the access score is 92 that shows the site

is almost perfect and provides good use experience

for a huge amount of users including disabled. The

score by the best practices is 57, which barely meets

the average levels of adherence to the web

development standards as well as security protocols,

indicating that much more work needs to be done in

this aspect. But at the same time, what I also like

about the site is that it comes with a perfect SEO score

at 100 best for search presence and makes the site

easily accessible to the users as-well.

In the primary performance metrics, major

problems can be seen: The first paint can take as long

as 4.6 seconds, that is slow enough and the first view

of the page can already give a prejudiced view of the

website’s speed. The Largest Contentful Paint sits at

a scary 7.1 seconds which is way high compared to

the threshold value of 2.5 seconds. It indeed needs a

faster enhancement to make the use of the website

more effective and impressive for the users. In

addition, the Total Blocking Time is 4,300

milliseconds. This shows that heavy scripts or

blocking resources are greatly affecting interactivity

and could eventually frustrate users. The interaction

time pointed by Speed Index is 9.6 seconds, therefore

overall time for loaded visible content is slower. This

hurts user experience. The CLS of the CLS on the

other hand is 0.041 meaning there are very fewer

layout shifts during the page load and therefore

supports a visually stable experience.

All the above-taken performance issues would be

eliminated if only Website 3 will dedicate its efforts

towards bringing the load time of main resources and

scripts as well as the First Contentful Paint, the

Largest Contentful Paint into perspective. Some of

the ways of enhancing the responsiveness include,

performing code splitting, image optimization, and

the loading of non critical resources without

interrupting the flow because best practices

improvement around web standards as well as

security protocols would in fact serve to enhance the

reliability of websites as a whole. It would focus on

the areas to increase number of users, to decrease

bounce rates and to enhance the customer confidence

in using the online booking, thereby making it more

efficient as well as effective in long run.

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393

That is according to the Lighthouse report of the

website 4 it has performance score of 76. Any rate,

this is a good score as far as optimization is

concerned; nevertheless, it has a very fast load speed,

so it occupies the rank of middle performance.

Therefore the accessibility score according to the

EAG is 67. This implies that the usability for persons

with impaired ability could have been enhanced;

however, there exists a significant improvement

endeavor in respect to this aspect. It came up with 96

for best practices which makes it probable for the site

to be in compliance with good modern internet

standards and security best practices. The SEO score

is at 50 meaning that there are a number of places

where search engine result has to be enhanced.

Some other key metrics show the performance of

the site: FCP is at 3.1, thus a little above the optimal

level and can be adopted in straining for increasing

the impressions of the users. Largest Contentful Paint

stands at 3.5 seconds, which is higher than the target

of 2.5 seconds and, therefore, indicate that something

needs to be done to improve this figure so that the user

experience can be optimized. On the other hand the

Total Blocking Time is as low as 280 ms which means

that the blocking of scripts and

other interactions

does not significantly affect user interactivity. A

Speed Index of 5.3 seconds means the time required

to load only visible content and hints at certain

improvements that can potentially increase the

‘happiness’ of a user. The score for the Cumulative

Layout Shift is 0.00; that indicated that there are no

disturbing shifting of formats during the loading of

the site that would cause instability and discomfort to

views. Thus, any kind of optimization in FCP and

LCP times will be beneficial for the general

performance of the system. Some drawbacks include

poor access arrangement should be enhanced and

proper optimization technique will greatly improve

both user experience and site exposure. All these

areas of improvement will not only increase the site’s

performance metric, but it would also increase the

level of satisfaction of users once on the platform.

The optimization and load speed of the

website5 stand at 71 out of 100 hence classified as;

in the medium-performance optimization and load

speed according to the Lighthouse re- port. This

website shows good accessibility, which equals to

90, therefore is an example of a very accessible

website for people with disabilities. Moreover, the

best practices score is 89Key performance metrics

provide further insights: Regarding the First

Contentful Paint (FCP), the result is good and make

users satisfied because they have to wait only 1.5

seconds. For page rendering, LCP equals to 2.5

seconds that is on the edge of the advised top mark, so

even the minor optimization increases the chances of

user satisfaction. However, the Total Blocking Time

is significantly high and causes 1,500 milliseconds;

fixing this problem is good for user interaction. The

Speed Index is high and the record achieved is 2.2,

which is a good performance loading time for the

visible parts of the website, which Benefits the user

experience.

Also, with the value of 0, the website passes all

the CLS criteria, meaning that a user will not

experience any a heavy shifting or re-flowing of the

page’s elements while loading the web page.

The enhancements to be applied to the Website 5

to raise the overall performance include decreasing

the Total Blocking Time and increasing the efficiency

of SEO optimization to raise the ranking in the search

engine. If these concerns are to be addressed, then

there are possibilities where the website can improve

on user experience and in return, the number of users

would increase giving out maximum user satisfaction

hence improving on repeat use.

The performance report of the website 6 done by

the Light- house report has indicated a poor

performance by giving the result of 31 meaning its

slow to load and poorly optimized. The implication

of such a score is that there is a lot that needs to

be done to optimize for faster page loading speed

experience from the users’ perspective. The total and

maximum possible accessibility score should be

around 85 and which when broken down should be at

medium because the general accessibility of the site

is fairly good but there are areas of considerable need

for improvements in order to provide for non-disabled

user’s better services. Using best practice matrices,

the score stands at 64 which is technically below the

average and pointing towards a list of problems with

web standards, security, and development practices

for enhancements. However, the SEO score is quite

moderate with the website securing an average score

of 78 before it can be exposed more to several

search engines. The most important metrics raise

concern; the FCP is rated at 3.9 seconds which is slow

and can be improved by reducing image size,

optimizing servers etc. Largest Contentful Paint

(LCP) is worse with taking 5.5 seconds to load while

the threshold should have been a mere 2.5 seconds –

twice as worse impacts the overall user experience.

The Total Blocking Time is also equal to 1,500 ms,

and, again, it is critical; decreasing the above-

mentioned heavy scripts and increasing the third-

party resources would make the site faster. The Speed

Index is 6.2 seconds, all the loading time to the

visible

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Figure 1: Visualization plot for website analysis

Figure 2: Bar Graph for Performance and Structure Scores

of Various Websites

elements is below the threshold that is considered good feel

by the users. Finally, there is CLS score which is 0.15

meaning that pages have tiny sized layout shift during

loading that results in reduction of quality of user

experience when a user tries to engage with content that is

partially loading.

4.2 GTmetrix

4.2.1 Website-1

For website 1, it is clear that there are opportu- nities

for improvement when it comes to performance

metrics; on ‘GTmetrix Grade’ the site is rated at 63per

which, on the scale used, indicates that the site

performance is only slightly above average or just

below average; depending on how the score is

interpreted. Moving to the happier note, Largest

Contentful Paint happens at 832ms which all denote

the largest element seen loads rather well. But TBT is

high at 1.6 sec; therefore, there is a sign of slowness

in the user Interface as well as the response time.

They outline very low CLS, at 0.01, suggesting that

the page is asey with almost no fluctuation in layout.

Nevertheless, because the total page size is good size,

7,23 MB, and it generates 228 requests, it will be

likely to negatively influence overall speed.

Nevertheless, reducing the blocking time and

optimising the page sizes might further increase the

satisfaction and thus engagement of visitors like

website1

4.2.2 Website-2

2 performance metrics that were analyzed on the

website 2 have shown decent efficiency but there are

still potentialities for further enhancement. Indeed,

the website gotten a Gtmetrix grade of C at 78per,

as well as a performance score of 85. This is actually

a type of satisfying and already indicates an upward

trend. Its Structure Score is even lower and equals

to 67per, which means that it could perform

significantly better in terms of the website structure

optimization. At 1.1 seconds it boasts of a great

largest Contentful Paint to signify good load time

for the largest visible element. Total Blocking Time

amounted to 235ms which hints at some latency

affecting the resource’s interaction side for the user.

The CLS is again low at 0.02 which refers that there

is pinpoint stability of the screen with little distortion.

In addition, the site is generating high requests, the

entire page is also very heavy and weighs 3.81MB,

which means that high requests of 583, would slow.

In sum, to improve utilization and follow the likely

occurrence of quick and easy access to the web site,

TripAdvisor should improve the established structure

of its site and reduce its requests.

4.2.3 Website-3

The performance metrics of the website 3 are

concerning as it scores only a low GTmetrix Grade

at E level and just 43per Performance Score.

Measuring the LCP to 2.0 seconds, it is below average

about the time that will take in loading the largest

visible element, which might provoke an annoyed

user. The TBT stands at 1.6 seconds; this indicates the

extent of blocking times that still obstruct user

interaction and responsiveness. At a Cumulative

Layout Shift of 0.09, there is slight visual instability.

While this score seems low and likely shouldn’t have

manifested itself as it did, it does uncover problem

spots on the website. The total page size is

6.23MB, meaning it is pretty big-a probable reason

for slower loads-generating a significant 330

requests across the site. Booking.com needs to

emphasize optimizations that prioritize decreasing

page sizes and requests while maximizing load speeds

in order to drive broader performance improvements.

These are the enhancements that improve user

experience and ensure sustenance in customer

engagement on the platform.

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4.2.4 Website-4

The performance metrics for the website 4 are

excellent, reflecting the perfect effectiveness with

which it strives to provide a fast and responsive user

experience. This is achieved by having scored a

remarkable GTmetrix Grade of A (95per), where the

site clearly boasts a striking Performance Score of

97per and scores 93per on the Structure Score. Some

key indicators of speed comprise a Largest Contentful

Paint of just 1.2 seconds, reflecting a swift load

time for the most important visible element. TBT is

also 0ms, meaning there is no blocking problem and

has a completely responsive page. CLS is at 0.03,

which shows a minor visual instability but within

acceptable limits. The total size of the page is highly

efficient at 156KB, suggesting quick loading time,

and the website requires only 14 requests to load

everything, which further improves general

performance. These metrics reflect how MakeMyTrip

performs on the technical front but also covers points

that promote user satisfaction. The end result would

be smooth browsing, higher user engagement, better

conversion rates, and customer loyalty.Website 4

website performs exceptionally well, with high

performance and structure scores. It has a fast load

time, no blocking issues, and minimal layout shifts,

ensuring a smooth and responsive user experience.

4.2.5 Website-5

The performance metrics of the website 5 indi-

cate moderate overall effectiveness in many areas

with some to be improved. The GTmetrix Grade C

suggests 75per performance whereas the

performance score only has 63per, showing a lot

of room for improvement. The Structure score is

quite good at 92per, and it suggests a very well-

organized website. The LCP measures at 1.4

seconds, which is quite fast but has some more room

for optimization. However, the Total Blocking Time

(TBT) is surprisingly high at 616ms, which creates

quite large responsiveness problems that would affect

the user experience. The best thing is that the

Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) is excellent, at 0.01,

with very stable visual presentation and very nearly

no layout shifts. With these strengths, however, the

site brings a total page size of 1.70MB, and it makes

106 requests, which is far higher than ideal for an

efficient load time. For better performance, Goibibo

could focus on the reduction of blocking time and the

number of requests as such improvements might

result in a user experience of less blocks and more

engagement that leads to better customer satisfaction

and retention.

4.2.6 Website-6

Performance metrics for Lastminute.com are

rather good with a GTmetrix Grade of B (86per). The

website has a good score in terms of performance,

with 86per and is paired along with a structure score

at 86per hence indicating the quality design and

functionality. Largest Contentful Paint is at an

impressive 1.1 seconds, pointing to a good load time

for the most significant visible element. It also has

Total Blocking Time quite low at 224ms and shows

excellent response with minimal delays when a user

interacts with the page. An absolutely interesting

aspect of information is that the website scores a total

of Cumulative Layout Shift, which is 0; thus, no

visual instability is witnessed when loading,

improving overall usability. With a total page size of

2.06MB, the site remains in a moderate size and

supports easy loading. Also, the site generates 129

requests, which is very efficient. The response given

by users regarding Lastminute.com has been smooth

and interactive, which makes it an excellent platform

for online travel services.

5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE

WORK

In each website exhibits specific areas for

improvement to enhance overall user experience and

functionality. website-3 should focus on Performance

improvements, particularly in page speed and

reducing blocking time, to complement its excellent

Accessibility and SEO scores. website-1 and website-

5 can boost user satisfaction by enhancing speed and

optimizing loading times to improve their moderate

Performance scores. website-4 performs well but

could increase Accessibility to ensure a more

inclusive experience. website-6.com has strong

security and standards compliance due to its high Best

Practices score but could improve on speed and user

interface fluidity by optimiz- ing blocking time and

accessibility features. website-2 is well- rounded;

however, slight improvements in Accessibility would

make it more user-friendly for a broader

audience.Ultimately, website-2 emerges as the top

performer due to its strong balance across metrics,

closely followed by website-4 for its competitive

scores in key areas. website-5, website-1, and

website-6.com also show commendable

performance but have room for targeted

improvements. Despite website-3’s high SEO and

Accessibility scores, it ranks lowest overall due to

substantial gaps in speed and Best Practices,

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highlighting specific opportunities to optimize user

experience.

6 FUTURE WORK

Future work could focus on a broader analysis by

testing additional travel websites to gain a

comprehensive understanding of performance trends

in the industry. Expanding the performance tests to

include detailed security audits, as well as examining

the impact of design changes on user engagement,

could yield deeper insights. Furthermore, given the

increasing use of smartphones for travel-related web

access, exploring the impact of these opti- mizations

on mobile devices would be beneficial.

Conducting user satisfaction surveys could also

complement technical evaluations, ensuring that both

technical performance and user experience are

addressed comprehensively.

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