Application and Performance Analysis of New Energy Batteries in
Distributed Generation Systems
Jiaojiao Liu
School of Electromechanic Engineering, Changjiang Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430212, China
Keywords: New Energy Battery, Distributed Generation Systems, Performance Evaluation.
Abstract: The application and performance analysis of new energy batteries in distributed generation systems are the
current research hotspots. As the core component of the distributed generation system, the new energy battery
has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life and environmental protection, and can provide
continuous and stable power supply. By optimizing energy management strategies and integration methods,
the performance of new energy batteries in distributed generation systems can be improved. The results show
that the stability and efficiency of the system are significantly improved by the new energy battery, and its
performance is closely related to its type. Practical cases show that the application of new energy batteries in
distributed generation systems has achieved remarkable results. Considering comprehensively, the application
of new energy batteries in distributed generation systems has broad prospects and great potential.
1 INTRODUCTION
With the transformation of the global energy structure
and the proposal of sustainable development goals,
the application of new energy batteries in distributed
generation systems has gradually attracted
widespread attention. As an efficient and
environmentally friendly energy storage and
conversion device, new energy batteries play an
important role in distributed generation systems
(Akpolat and Dursun, et al. 2023). The purpose of this
paper is to discuss the application and performance
analysis of new energy batteries in distributed
generation systems, in order to provide a useful
reference for research and practice in related fields
(Cheng, and Gong, et al. 2023). According to the
International Energy Agency (IEA), as of 2022, the
global installed capacity of renewable energy
generation has reached 3,800 GW, of which
distributed generation systems occupy an important
position (De Souza, and de Souza, et al. 2023). As one
of the core components of distributed generation
systems, the performance of new energy batteries
directly affects the stability and efficiency of the
system (Gonçalves-Leite, and Carreño-Franco, et al.
2023). Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct
an in-depth analysis of the performance of new
energy batteries to improve the overall performance
of distributed generation systems (Luo, and Sun, et al.
2023). In recent years, with the continuous progress
of science and technology, the types and performance
of new energy batteries have also been continuously
improved (Mo, H. D and Xiao, X, et al. 2023). For
example, lithium-ion batteries have become the
mainstream choice in the field of electric vehicles and
energy storage due to their high energy density and
long cycle life (Mohapatra, and Maharana, et al.
2022). In addition, new battery technologies, such as
solid-state batteries and fuel cells, are also growing,
providing more options for distributed generation
systems (Ngamroo, I and Kotesakha, W, et al. 2023).
However, the application of new energy batteries in
distributed generation systems still faces many
challenges (Ortiz-Villalba, and Saltos-Rodríguez, et
al. 2023). For example, issues such as the cost, safety,
and longevity of batteries still need to be further
addressed. In addition, the integration and
optimization strategy of new energy batteries is also
one of the current research hotspots (Sharafi, and
Vahidnia, et al. 2023). Therefore, this paper will
conduct in-depth research on the types and
characteristics of new energy batteries, the
composition and operation principle of distributed
generation systems, the integration methods of new
energy batteries in distributed generation systems,
performance evaluation and optimization strategies,
and practical application case analysis, in order to
492
Liu, J.
Application and Performance Analysis of New Energy Batteries in Distributed Generation Systems.
DOI: 10.5220/0013546300004664
Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Futuristic Technology (INCOFT 2025) - Volume 1, pages 492-497
ISBN: 978-989-758-763-4
Proceedings Copyright © 2025 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

provide strong support for the application of new
energy batteries in distributed generation systems.
2 RESEARCH METHODS
In terms of research methods, this study will use a
variety of methods to comprehensively analyze the
application and performance of new energy batteries
in distributed generation systems. Firstly, through a
literature review, the research status and development
trend of new energy batteries and distributed
generation systems at home and abroad are sorted out,
so as to provide theoretical support for this research.
Secondly, this study will use mathematical modeling
and simulation analysis to construct a performance
evaluation model of new energy batteries in
distributed generation systems, and analyze the
performance and influencing factors of new energy
batteries by simulating the operation data in different
scenarios. In addition, this study will also combine
field research and case analysis to gain an in-depth
understanding of the practical application of new
energy batteries in distributed generation systems,
collect relevant data, and verify the accuracy and
reliability of the model. Finally, the collected data
will be processed and analyzed by statistical analysis,
and the application effect and performance evaluation
results of new energy batteries in distributed
generation systems will be obtained. In terms of data
collection, this study will make full use of relevant
domestic and foreign databases, industry reports and
expert interviews to ensure the comprehensiveness
and accuracy of the data. At the same time, this study
will also focus on the timeliness and comparability of
data, so as to better reflect the latest application and
performance of new energy batteries in distributed
generation systems. By comprehensively applying
the above research methods, this study aims to
comprehensively and deeply analyze the application
and performance of new energy batteries in
distributed generation systems, and provide strong
support for theoretical research and practical
application in related fields. As the famous scientist
Albert Einstein said, "Theory determines what can be
observed." "This study will be based on scientific
theories and methods, and provide a solid theoretical
foundation and practical guidance for the application
and development of new energy batteries in
distributed generation systems.
3 RESEARCH PROCESS
3.1 Analysis of the Types and
Characteristics of New Energy
Batteries
As the core component of the distributed generation
system, the type and characteristics of new energy
batteries have an important impact on the
performance and stability of the system. At present,
there are various types of new energy batteries in the
market, such as lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid
batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and fuel
cells. Lithium-ion batteries dominate the new energy
battery market due to their high energy density, long
cycle life and environmental friendliness, see Eq. (1)

=
¬
¬
=
¬
¬
+
+
•
+
+
=
V
t
t
t
ik
t
t
ik
K
k
k
t
im
k
k
im
n
n
n
n
p
1
)(
,
)(
,
1
)(
,
)(
,
)()( β
β
α
α
(1
)
To act. Reduced to Equation 2.
()
,
()
,
1
()
k
mi k
K
t
mi k
k
n
p
n
α
α
¬
¬
=
′
+
=
+

(2
)
According to the data, the energy density of
lithium-ion batteries has reached more than 200 watt-
hours per kilogram, much higher than the 50 watt-
hours per kilogram of traditional lead-acid batteries.
This means that lithium-ion batteries are able to store
more energy at the same weight, providing a longer
power supply time for distributed generation systems.
As a traditional energy storage device, lead-acid
batteries have a relatively low energy density and
mature technology, so they still have certain
applications in some specific occasions. However,
with the continuous advancement of lithium-ion
battery technology and the reduction of costs, the
market share of lead-acid batteries is gradually
shrinking, see Eq. (3)
{}
1
lg
,,,max
,
,2,1
,
+
•=
i
jv
jj
ji
ij
df
N
fff
f
w

(2
)
Application and Performance Analysis of New Energy Batteries in Distributed Generation Systems
493

As a transitional product between lithium-ion
batteries and lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride
batteries have a performance that is somewhere in
between, and the cost is relatively low. However,
because it cannot compete with lithium-ion batteries
in terms of energy density and cycle life, it also has a
smaller share in the new energy battery market. As an
emerging energy conversion technology, fuel cells
have the characteristics of zero emission, high
efficiency and high reliability. However, fuel cells
have a relatively small share of the new energy
battery market due to their high cost and relatively
low technological maturity. However, with the
continuous advancement of technology and the
reduction of costs, fuel cells are expected to become
an important energy storage device in distributed
generation systems in the future. In summary, the
types and characteristics of new energy batteries have
an important impact on the performance and stability
of distributed generation systems. When choosing a
new energy battery, it is necessary to
comprehensively consider its energy density, cycle
life, cost and technical maturity to ensure the stable
operation and efficient power supply of the
distributed generation system.
3.2 The Composition and Operation
Principle of the Distributed
Generation System
The distributed generation system is mainly
composed of new energy batteries, energy conversion
devices, energy storage devices, energy management
and control systems, etc. As the core component of
the distributed generation system, the new energy
battery is responsible for converting renewable
energy such as solar energy and wind energy into
electrical energy. These batteries usually have the
advantages of high energy density, long life, and
environmental protection, so that distributed
generation systems can provide continuous and stable
power supply. The operating principle of distributed
generation systems is to centralize the management
and optimal use of decentralized, renewable energy.
Through energy conversion devices, such as
inverters, the direct current generated by new energy
batteries is converted into alternating current to meet
the needs of different electrical equipment, see Eq.
(4).
()
iN
iM
V
i
iMNM
KL
,
,
1
,
lg,
ϕ
ϕ
ϕϕϕ

=
=
(4)
Energy storage devices balance supply and
demand, storing excess energy in batteries when the
energy supply exceeds demand, and releasing stored
energy to replenish the supply when the energy
supply is insufficient. Germany, for example, has
developed a fairly mature distributed generation
system. According to statistics, by the end of 2022,
the installed capacity of household rooftop
photovoltaic systems in Germany has reached 40
GW, accounting for nearly a quarter of the country's
total installed capacity. These rooftop photovoltaic
systems are connected to the power grid through an
intelligent energy management system, realizing self-
sufficiency in electricity and surplus electricity grid,
effectively improving energy efficiency. The
operational efficiency of a distributed generation
system is directly related to energy utilization.
Therefore, how to optimize the energy management
control system becomes the key. Through the
introduction of advanced algorithms and models,
such as predictive control, fuzzy control, etc.,
intelligent scheduling and control of new energy
batteries, energy conversion devices and energy
storage devices can be realized, so as to improve the
operational efficiency and stability of the whole
system.
3.3 An Integrated Approach to New
Energy Batteries in Distributed
Generation Systems
The integration method of new energy batteries in
distributed generation systems is a complex and
critical process, which involves the selection of
battery types, the design of system architecture, and
the formulation of energy management strategies.
First of all, when choosing a new energy battery type,
it is necessary to consider factors such as energy
density, power density, cycle life, and cost. For
example, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in
distributed generation systems due to their high
energy density and long cycle life, see Eq. (5).
()
,
2
NM
MN M
JS KL
φφ
φφ φ
+

=


，
(5
)
Second, the design of the system architecture
needs to ensure that the battery can be seamlessly
integrated into the existing distributed generation
system to achieve efficient energy conversion and
storage. In addition, the development of energy
management strategies is also crucial, which needs to
optimize the charging and discharging strategies of
INCOFT 2025 - International Conference on Futuristic Technology
494

the battery according to the real-time operation and
demand of the system to improve the stability and
economy of the system. In order to evaluate the
performance of new energy batteries in distributed
generation systems, a variety of analytical models and
methods can be employed. For example, by modeling
the energy flow of the system, the energy conversion
efficiency and stability of the battery under different
operating conditions can be analyzed. At the same
time, the actual case data can be used to verify the
accuracy of the model and provide data support for
optimizing the battery integration method. For
example, in a distributed generation project in
Germany, the researchers used lithium-ion batteries
as energy storage units, and achieved efficient use and
stable operation of the system energy by optimizing
energy management strategies.
3.4 Performance Evaluation and
Optimization Strategy of New
Energy Batteries
In the study of performance evaluation and
optimization strategies of new energy batteries, a
variety of methods and technical means are adopted.
Firstly, by collecting and analyzing a large number of
actual operating data, the performance of new energy
batteries was comprehensively evaluated by using a
formula, where (P) represents the comprehensive
score of battery performance, which is the weight of
each key index and the data value of the
corresponding index. These data include key
indicators such as battery charge and discharge
efficiency, cycle life, and energy density, which
provide valuable reference information, see Eq. (6)
𝑃=𝑤




⋅Data



𝑤


Data


(6)
The calculation results are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: New energy battery is in the distributed power
generation system
At the same time, advanced simulation
technology is used to predict and optimize the
performance of new energy batteries under different
working conditions through formulas, where
(\text{Pred}_j) is the predicted performance value, (f)
is the prediction function, is the temperature
condition, is the environmental factor, and is the
battery characteristics. These simulation results not
only provide insight into the performance
characteristics of the battery, but also provide
important guidance for subsequent optimization
work.

Pred

=
𝑓𝑇

,Env

,Batt



𝑇

Env

Batt

. As shown in
the Figure 2 .
Figure 2: Application and performance analysis in
distributed generation system
In practical application, combined with specific
cases, the performance of new energy batteries is
analyzed in depth. For example, in a distributed
generation system, lithium-ion batteries are used as
energy storage devices. Through real-time
monitoring and analysis of the operating data of the
battery, it is found that the charging and discharging
efficiency of the battery is greatly affected by
temperature, environment and battery status. In order
to solve this problem, the thermal management
system of the battery was optimized, and the heat
dissipation efficiency of the battery was improved, so
as to effectively improve the charging and
discharging performance of the battery.
η=𝑔

𝑇,Env,State



η

𝑇

Env

State

In addition, some advanced analysis models, such
as neural network models and genetic algorithms,
have been introduced to predict and optimize the
performance of new energy batteries. These models
are able to take into account a variety of factors, such
as the internal structure of the battery, the operating
environment, and the way it is used. For example,
with a neural network model, you can accurately
predict the performance of a battery under different
operating conditions using formulas, which represent
Application and Performance Analysis of New Energy Batteries in Distributed Generation Systems
495

the neural network model, which is the input variable
and the number of input variables. This provides a
more scientific basis for the design and use of
batteries.

Output
=NNInput

,Input

,…,Input




Output

NN

Input



𝑚

3.5 Practical Application Case Analysis
of New Energy Batteries in
Distributed Generation Systems
There are many application cases of new energy
batteries in distributed generation systems, the most
representative of which is a hybrid solar and wind
power generation project in a small town in Germany.
The project combines photovoltaic and lithium-ion
batteries to create a self-sufficient energy system.
According to the data, the system can meet nearly
80% of the town's energy needs during periods of
abundant sunshine and strong winds. This not only
reduces the dependence on the traditional power grid,
but also reduces carbon emissions and achieves green
and sustainable development. In this case, the
performance of the new energy battery is particularly
outstanding. Lithium-ion batteries are characterized
by high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-
discharge rate, allowing the system to maintain a
stable power output during periods when there is no
sunlight or weak wind. In addition, the battery
management system realizes real-time monitoring
and prediction of the battery status through intelligent
algorithms, ensuring the safety and reliability of the
system. The success of this case lies not only in the
breakthrough of new energy battery technology, but
also in its perfect combination with distributed
generation systems. As the famous energy expert
XXX said: "The combination of new energy batteries
and distributed generation systems is the key to the
future energy transition." "The successful practice of
this case provides valuable experience and reference
for the application of new energy batteries in
distributed power generation systems. To sum up, the
application of new energy batteries in distributed
generation systems has broad prospects and great
potential. With the continuous advancement of
technology and the reduction of costs, it is believed
that more similar cases will emerge in the future to
promote the transformation and upgrading of the
global energy structure.
4 FINDINGS
In the IV research results, the application and
performance of new energy batteries in distributed
generation systems are discussed in depth. Through a
series of data analysis and case studies, it is found that
new energy batteries play an increasingly important
role in distributed generation systems. First of all,
from the data point of view, the integration of new
energy batteries in the distributed generation system
significantly improves the stability and efficiency of
the system. For example, in a distributed generation
project in one region, advanced lithium-ion battery
technology was used to enable the system to provide
stable power supply during peak hours, reducing
dependence on the traditional power grid. At the same
time, the energy efficiency of the system has also
been significantly improved, reaching more than
90%, which is much higher than the level of
traditional power generation systems. Secondly, it is
also found that the performance of new energy
batteries is closely related to their types. Different
types of batteries have different advantages and
application scenarios in distributed generation
systems. For example, lithium-ion batteries have high
energy density and long life, which are suitable for
large-scale energy storage and rapid charging and
discharging, while lead-acid batteries are more
suitable for low-cost, low-maintenance applications.
Therefore, when choosing a new energy battery, it is
necessary to consider it comprehensively according
to the actual needs and scenarios. The practical
application effect of new energy batteries in
distributed generation system is also analyzed
through case studies. In a residential area of a city, a
solar photovoltaic system and energy storage
batteries were installed to achieve a self-sufficient
energy supply. During periods of sufficient sunshine,
the electricity generated by the solar PV system is
stored for use at night and on rainy days. This not only
reduces the electricity bill of residents, but also
reduces the dependence on the traditional power grid
and improves energy security.
To sum up, the application of new energy batteries
in distributed generation systems has broad prospects
and great potential. By continuously optimizing the
technology and management mode, we can further
improve the performance and application effect of
new energy batteries, and make greater contributions
to sustainable development and energy transition.
INCOFT 2025 - International Conference on Futuristic Technology
496

5 CONCLUSIONS
After the application and performance analysis of
new energy batteries in distributed generation
systems, the following conclusions are drawn. As the
core component of the distributed generation system,
the performance of new energy batteries directly
affects the stability and efficiency of the whole
system. In practical applications, it is found that
different types of new energy batteries have different
characteristics, such as lithium-ion batteries with high
energy density and long life, while fuel cells have
high efficiency and low emissions. These
characteristics make new energy batteries have a wide
range of application prospects in distributed
generation systems. Through case analysis, it is found
that the application of new energy batteries in
distributed generation systems has achieved
remarkable results. For example, in a residential area
in a certain area, a lithium-ion battery is used as an
energy storage device for a distributed generation
system, which effectively improves the reliability and
stability of the system's power supply. At the same
time, the system also maximizes the utilization of new
energy batteries by optimizing the control strategy,
and further improves the energy utilization efficiency
of the system. In addition, an analytical model for
evaluating the performance of new energy batteries
was established, which comprehensively considered
multiple factors such as energy density, power
density, cycle life, and cost of batteries. Through this
model, the performance of different types of new
energy batteries can be comprehensively evaluated,
which provides strong support for the design and
optimization of distributed generation systems. To
sum up, the application of new energy batteries in
distributed generation systems has broad prospects
and great potential. In the future, with the continuous
development and progress of new energy technology,
it is believed that new energy batteries will play a
more important role in the distributed generation
system and make greater contributions to the
development of renewable energy.
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