Identification, Practical, Theoretical and Analytical Results of

Exhaust Gases in Vehicle Internal Combustion Engines

Zakirjon Musabekov

, Jakhongir Mirzaabdullaev

, Oybek Daminov

and Abdulaziz Kurbanov

Tashkent State Technical University, Energy Engineering and Professional Education Department,

100095, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Keywords: Exhaust Gases, Gas Analyzer, Emission Diagnostics.

Abstract: In this article, the practical, theoretical and analytical basis of exhaust gas diagnostics of internal combustion

engine, results and corresponding exhaust gas graphs using the protative and lightweight Kane AUTO plus

exhaust gas analyzer with multilingual software are made. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons,

oxygen, nitrogen oxides and lambdas were obtained from the exhaust gases emitted from Tracker, Nexia,

Spark car engines using a gas analyzer. In the laboratory of the Department of "Energy Engineering and

Professional Education" of the Tashkent State Technical University, experiments were conducted on the

above-mentioned car engines.

1 INTRODUCTION

In the laboratory of the Department of "Energy

Engineering and Professional Education" of the

Tashkent State Technical University, experiments

were conducted on the above-mentioned car engines.

Car exhaust gases are a mixture of about 200

substances. They contain hydrocarbons - unburned or

incompletely burned fuel components, the ratio of

which increases sharply if the engine is running at low

speed or when decelerating, that is, during traffic and

at red traffic lights. It is at this time, when the

accelerator is pressed, that the most unburned

particles are released: about 10 times more than when

the engine is operating in normal mode (Musabekov

et al., 2023; Ergashev et al., 2022; Umerov et al.,

2024; Matmurodov et al., 2024; Musabekov et al.,

2023).

The gas analyzer is one of the main devices in

the field of modern diagnostics of the car service

center. It serves to check the harmfulness of exhaust

gases, to obtain information and analysis.

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3435-8774

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1002-2946

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7876-1289

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4682-581X

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

The analysis begins with the measurement of the

concentration of toxic gases in the exhaust of the car

engine, thanks to this information it is possible to

assess the condition of the car engine and its systems.

Engine diagnostics depends on the state of the engine,

the detection of defects and malfunctions, analysis

data on the composition of waste (Ergashev et al.,

2022; Umerov et al., 2024; Matmurodov et al., 2024;

Musabekov et al., 2023; Musabekov et al., 2023;

Ismatov et al., 2023).

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons,

oxygen, NO

and lambda readings from the Kane

AUTO plus gas analyzer are obtained graphically and

in real time from Kane Live software using the mini-

USB port and Bluetooth connection (Figure 1).

Musabekov, Z., Mirzaabdullaev, J., Daminov, O. and Kurbanov, A.

Identiﬁcation, Practical, Theoretical and Analytical Results of Exhaust Gases in Vehicle Internal Combustion Engines.

DOI: 10.5220/0014269300004738

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 4th Inter national Conference on Research of Agricultural and Food Technologies (I-CRAFT 2024), pages 351-356

ISBN: 978-989-758-773-3; ISSN: 3051-7710

351

Figure 1: Taking exhaust gas readings from a car engine on

the Kane AUTO plus gas analyzer.

This is due to the fact that the concentration of

some gases in the waste is very small, and therefore it

is inconvenient to use percentages to indicate their

amount (Umerov et al., 2024, Matmurodov et al.,

2024, Bazarov et al., 2023, Makhamadjanov et al.,

2024 Alimova et al., 2024, Tursunov et al., 2023,

Ismayilov et al., 2023).

Waste gases were passed through several stages:

− cleaning of exhaust gases was carried out using

a filter installed at the inlet or directly. At this

stage, large mechanical particles were cleaned

from waste gases.

− exhaust gases are cleaned of moisture.

− the final filtration of the smallest mechanical

particles was carried out using fine filtration.

Using the Kane AUTO plus gas analyzer, carbon

monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, oxygen,

and lambdas from exhaust gases emitted from

Tracker, Nexia, Spark car engines are measured in the

following ranges: CO 0-10%, CO

0-16%, NC 0-5000

rpm, O

0-21%, NO

0-5000 rpm, lambda 0.8-1.2.

was obtained (Musabekov et al., 2023).

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Experiments were carried out on the following car

engines and results were obtained:

1) in the engine of a trekker car with Ai-95

gasoline, propane gas, salt mode and 2000 rpm;

2) Ai-92 gasoline, methane gas, salt mode and

2500 rpm in the Nexia car engine;

3) In the Spark car engine, in Ai-80 gasoline,

methane gas, in salt mode and at 2500 rpm, the

parameters of the engine exhaust gas, i.e. carbon

monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, oxygen,

and lambdas were determined and their average

values were determined using formula 1 (Figures 1-

24) graphs and Table 1).

=(X

+⋯+X

)/X

(1)

where X

+⋯+X

- the indicators obtained in

the experiment, X

- the number of indicators and

values obtained.

Figure 1: Tracker engine Ai- 95 gasoline, indicators in Idle

mode.

Figure 2: Tracker engine Ai-95 gasoline, Idle mode,

average indicators.

Figure 3: Tracker engine Ai- 95 gasoline, indicators at 2000

rpm.

Figure 4: Average indicators of the tracker engine Ai-95

gasoline at 2000 rpm.

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352

Figure 5: Tracker engine propane gas, Idle mode indicators.

Figure 6: Tracker engine propane gas, Idle mode average

indicators.

Figure 7: Tracker engine propane gas, indicators at 2000

rpm.

Figure 8: Tracker engine propane gas, average performance

at 2000 rpm.

Figure 9: Nexia engine in Idle mode, Ai- 92 gasoline

indicators.

Figure 10: Nexia engine in Idle mode, Ai- 92 gasoline

average indicators.

Figure 11: Nexia engine at 2500 rpm, Ai- 92 gasoline,

indicators.

Figure 12: Nexia engine at 2500 rpm, Ai- 92 gasoline,

average indicators.

Identiﬁcation, Practical, Theoretical and Analytical Results of Exhaust Gases in Vehicle Internal Combustion Engines

353

Figure 13: Nexia engine in Idle mode, methane gas,

indicators.

Figure 14: Average indicators of Nexia engine in Idle mode,

methane gas.

Figure 15: Nexia engine at 2500 rpm, methane gas,

indicators.

Figure 16: Nexia engine at 2500 rpm, methane gas, average

indicators.

Figure 17: Indicators on Spark engine in Idle mode, Ai-80

gasoline.

Figure 18: Spark engine in salt mode, Ai-80 gasoline,

average indicators.

Figure 19: Spark engine at 2500 rpm, indicators on Ai-80

gasoline.

Figure 20: Spark engine at 2500 rpm, Ai-80 gasoline,

average indicators.

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354

Figure 21: Indicators in the spark engine in salt mode, on

methane gas.

Figure 22: Spark engine in salt mode, methane gas, average

indicators.

Figure 23: Spark engine at 2500 rpm, methane gas,

indicators.

Figure 24: Spark engine at 2500 rpm, methane gas, average

indicators.

4 CONCLUSIONS

Indicators and analysis results obtained in the Kane

Live program using Ai-95, Ai-92, Ai-80 gasoline,

propane and methane gas in Tracker, Nexia, Spark car

engines using the Kane AUTO plus exhaust gas

analyzer, i.e. CO

,NO

, NO - Spark, HC, COK -

Nexia, O

, CO – showed high performance in tracker

engines Table 1.

Table 1: Average values obtained in the experiment

Toxic and harmful gases in the waste of ICE

CO COK NO HC NO

The amount of waste, toxic and harmful gases

(%) (%) (%) (%) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm)

Tracker 2023 engine, Ai-95 gasoline, salt mode, X

19.03533 0.26 0.13666 0 0

1.8666

Tracker 2023 engine, Ai-95 gasoline, at 2000 rpm, X

21,008 0.28666 0.37666 0 0 11.5333 0

Tracker 2023 engine, propane gas, in salt mode, X

15.49 0.593 0.129 3,292 0 70,73 0

Tracker 2023 engine, propane gas, 2000 rpm, X

15,441 0.393 0.168 3,691 0 83.68 0

Nexia 2015 engine Ai- 92 gasoline, in salt mode, X

1.09571 0.18571 0.17714 7.07357 39.785 38.0713 95.214

Nexia 2015 engine Ai- 92 gasoline, at 2500 rpm, X

4.38 0 0 1.94066 16.4 15.7333 0

Nexia 2015 engine methane gas, salt mode, X

3.93 0 0.173 16,644 369.92 353.21 14.64

Nexia 2015 engine methane gas, at 2500 rpm, X

3,356 0.1 0.039 4,126 161.66 154,533 5.2

Spark engine Ai-80 gasoline, salt mode, X

20.60 0.643 0.017 0 35,191 12.06 37.02

Spark engine Ai-80 gasoline, at 2500 rpm, X

7.67 3,904 0.282 1,038 477.65 69,102 504.22

Spark engine methane gas, salt mode, X

20.89 0.086 0.011 0 13.2 0.066 13.73

Spark engine methane gas, at 2500 rpm, X

21,077 0.007 0.002 0 8,603 0 9.01

Identiﬁcation, Practical, Theoretical and Analytical Results of Exhaust Gases in Vehicle Internal Combustion Engines

355

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The management of the Tashkent State Technical

University named after Islam Karimov and the staff

of the department of “Energy Engineering and

Vocational Education” express deep gratitude to the

World Bank for the allocated grant and the Academic

Innovation Fund under the Ministry of Higher

Education, Science and Innovation of the Republic of

Uzbekistan as well as the Islamic Development Bank

for the assistance provided in the implementation of

this project.

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