
Them I.Jabborov, H.Ziyaev, R.Ballieva,
M.Jumaniyazova, Yu.Rakhmonova, U.Abdurasulov,
S.Saymanov, S.Matkarimova, N.Kamolova,
M.Karlibaev, S.It is possible to include the work of
Suleymanov and others. They analyzed the issues of
land ownership in the Khorezm Oasis, Land-Water
relations and other aspects.
The role of modern foreign research is also
important in this regard. Among the works belonging
to this group, foreign specialists-scientists C.Becker,
J.Zeiss, E.Brit, P.Sartori, K.Bichsel, V.Naumkin,
E.Burnakova, U.An example can be made of
juzbaeva and others. The issues reflected in their
research are in accordance with the goals set by the
authors to their forefathers, and within them are also
references to certain aspects of the use of nature. For
example, the American scientist s.Of importance is
Becker's work dedicated to the Khanate of Khiva and
Bukhara, in which aspects of economic growth in the
Khanate are embodied using materials on the agrarian
life of Khiva [1].
V.In Naumkin's fossil dedicated to Khiva, it can
be observed that there is evidence to substantiate
aspects related to the nature of the Khiva Khanate and
the issues of its use [2].
J.Irrigation and agricultural life in the Khiva
Khanate was studied in the Zeiss studies using the
example of 1768 – 1914. The author covered the
transformation and continuity of irrigation farming in
the Khiva Khanate in the periods before and after the
invasion of the Russian Empire of 1873 [3].
E. In his study, Brit made a comparative analysis
of two irrigation periods in the Khorezm Oasis, the
first ancient and the second modern systems. In the
opinion of the author, distinctive features in historical
periods were considered an important influencing
factor for environmental stability and human well-
being [4].
In the preparation of this article, based on the
method of historical-comparative analysis, a study
was carried out using the results of historical sources,
in particular documentary materials, as well as
scientific literature, modern research.
3 DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
The centuries-old culture of land cultivation of the
peoples of Central Asia was primarily based on
artificial irrigation. Traditional and forgotten methods
of land and water use in the region have adapted to
climate change.
The soils of the Khorezm Oasis are mainly
composed of alluvial deposits of the Amudarya. In the
composition of this soil, the fact that the climate is
sharply Continental, the air is dry, and human
economic activity has served as an important factor.
The fertility of the soils in the Oasis area was not very
high, but the turbid and various mineral salts brought
by the river greatly increased the fertility of the soil.
Amudaryo's kayaks and Kohna kayars have
grassland, gravelly-marshy soils over alluvial
deposits, and swampy soils in the weirs. Weaving
plants have been found in large numbers in amudarya
kayirs. Shrubs and grasses such as poplar, willow,
jiyda, nettle trees, yulghun, kandir, chiy, quagha,
Birch, etc. The fact that poplar and smoke-free nails
were made for ships was recorded in the memoirs of
19th-century authors [4, 49].
One of the rare parts of the nature of amudarya
weaving was dates. The webs contained a wide
variety of natural vegetation, reedbeds, especially in
abundance. In areas with gravelly soils of the OASIS,
a succulent plant was found in rye, wheat, acorns and
sandy areas, and in the salty lands-a succulent plant.
The Saxons slowed sand migration. Therefore, the
establishment of ixota Groves has also long been
considered important in maintaining the fertility of
agricultural lands [6, 38-39].
By the 11th century, the main type of Agriculture
in Khiva had become composed of wheat. A lot of
information on the fact that a rich harvest of wheat
was obtained was recorded in the archival documents
of the Khiva Khanate [7]. More than half of the arable
land was earmarked for wheat and oats, and about a
fifth was earmarked for cotton. Barley, rice, flax,
sesame, melon and watermelon were planted in the
rest of the land. Residents have also grown Sesame, a
crop that requires little water in its fields. This plant
species was widely used by craftsmen who took oil
and in confectionery. N who was in the city.
Muravyov (1819) noted that in Khiva “they consume
incomparable sesame oil” [8, 87].
Residents also planted the rootstock and produced
red dye from its root. This plant was grown in 3 years.
The roots are taken, washed, dried, milled, sifted Gan
til boil in pots. The annual Root was better, but gave
little paint [5, 25].
Although horticulture plays a much smaller role
in agriculture, but Oaks, peaches, vines, apples,
pomegranates, pears and other fruits have also been
grown in Hiva Gardens [9, 18]. 1819 in Khiva n.
Muravyov wrote about the country's gardening,
noting that Khiva is devoid of forests by nature, but
has a huge abundance of fruits, sweet and health-
beneficial Gardens, which are overflowing with the
labor of the population [8, 87].
Advanced Experiments in the Use of Land-Water Resources in the Khiva Khanate and Its Environmental Significance
787