Analysis of High-Quality Development of Logistics Efficiency Based

on Low-Carbon Concepts

Mingrui Guo

and Xiaqing Zhou

School of Advanced Intelligent Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Quanzhou, 362200, China

School of Transportation, Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia,010000, China

Keywords: Low Carbon Concept, Green Logistics, Efficiency, Sustainable Development.

Abstract: With economic globalization and the rapid development of various industries, logistics and transportation

make a significant contribution to the economic life of countries around the world. However, due to the lack

of a national unified market and the inefficiency of cross-transportation links, logistics costs are very high in

China at this stage. At the same time, mankind's one-sided pursuit of economic value while ignoring the

ecological value has led to environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent. Green logistics,

as a new logistics model, plays an important role in the realization of low-carbon economy and sustainable

development goals. It promotes the coordinated development of economy, society and environment by

optimizing transportation routes and improving energy use efficiency. With the improvement of people's

awareness of environmental protection and the concept of sustainable development, green logistics as the

direction of the development of modern logistics industry and the inevitable trend will gradually be more

widely used and promoted. This paper discusses the theoretical basis for the development of green logistics,

the current status of research at home and abroad, thus contributing to the research and development of green

logistics efficiencies in a certain way.

1 INTRODUCTION

Amid the rapid advancement of commercial

globalization and each stage of development, logistics

and transportation have become an essential part of

people's lives, and play a crucial role in the economic

life of all countries in the world. In the context of

China's "dual carbon" goals, the logistics industry

with huge pollution and consumption needs to be

completed by realizing the transformation of green

logistics. The "Notice of the General Office of the

State Council on Printing and Distributing the" 14th

Five-Year Plan "Modern Logistics Development

Plan" proposes a series of Specific measures to

promote the development of green logistics, these

measures have positive significance for reducing

carbon emissions, improving environmental quality

and promoting sustainable development. By carrying

out standard implementation activities, promoting

low-carbon technology and equipment, and creating

green logistics hubs and parks, it can play a positive

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9403-5477

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1178-0137

role in promoting the development of the entire

logistics industry in a green and low-carbon direction.

At the same time, the active application of new

energy and clean energy in transportation,

warehousing, distribution and other links will also

help reduce dependence on traditional energy and

reduce environmental pollution. Measures for the

development of green logistics is an indispensable

part of the green economy. According to the guiding

spirit of the "14th Five-Year Plan for National

Economic and Social Development and the Outline of

Long-term Goals for 2035", accelerating the

development of green logistics is to promote

sustainable development. An indispensable part of

development, at the same time, due to the gradual rise

of environmental barriers, green logistics is also an

important part of adapting to the development of the

world economy.

Lately, many academics have worked out

valuable analysis on green logistics and logistics

capability. In terms of low-carbon logistics, based on

Guo, M. and Zhou, X.

Analysis of High-Quality Development of Logistics Efﬁciency Based on Low-Carbon Concepts.

DOI: 10.5220/0013422000004558

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Modern Logistics and Supply Chain Management (MLSCM 2024), pages 467-473

ISBN: 978-989-758-738-2

467

the Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR)

model, Guo et al. analyzed the influencing factors and

mechanism of railway green logistics from the

aspects of driving force, pressure, state, impact and

response, and put forward countermeasures for the

development of railway green logistics (Guo et al.,

2024), Hu and others innovatively proposed the "rail"

urban green logistics system, based on the analysis of

network nodes and channels, to improve the current

urban environment and improve the efficiency of

urban distribution through structure (Hu et al., 2023).

Li and Hu analyzed and summarized the development

status of green logistics in my country from three

aspects. Green packaging, green warehousing and

green transportation (Li and Hu, 2023). Han used the

super-efficiency SBM model of unexpected output to

measure and evaluate the efficiency of green logistics

in the three northeastern provinces in the past ten

years, and based on the results, put forward

countermeasures including establishing and

implementing a more complete regional logistics

industry policy system and actively introducing

foreign investment Suggestions to provide reference

for the improvement of green logistics efficiency in

other regions (Han, 2023). Shu used the factor

analysis method to reduce the dimension of the input-

output index, so as to build the low-carbon logistics

efficiency evaluation index system in the eastern

region, and studied the low-carbon logistics

efficiency and influencing factors in the eastern

region of my country (Shu, 2023). Li studied the

development status and bottlenecks of Shanghai's

logistics system, and put forward solutions (Li, 2022).

Xue et al. took the data of 16 cities in Shandong

Province as samples, used DEA and Malmquist index

models to measure the efficiency of the logistics

industry in 16 cities in Shandong Province, and used

the qualitative comparative analysis method (QCA)

to clarify the influencing factors and optimization

paths of logistics efficiency in Shandong Province

(Xue et al., 2024).

In terms of logistics efficiency, Zhang and others

commented on the current situation of the entire

logistics industry, including the evaluation methods

and solutions for the efficiency of the logistics

industry (Zhang, 2024). Li and Leng discussed the

super-large-scale market, logistics efficiency and

online consumption, and studied the role of city size

in promoting household online consumption, which

can improve the efficiency of logistics distribution (Li

and Leng, 2023). Yang and others innovatively used

the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method

(fsQCA) to explore the configuration role of each

antecedent variable, studied to improve the high-

quality development efficiency of the logistics

industry from a new perspective, and proposed a path

to achieve high logistics efficiency (Yang et al.,

2023).

Throughout the existing literature, the articles on

low-carbon logistics and logistics efficiency mainly

have the following shortcomings. In terms of

solutions, most articles only explain from the surface

and cannot dig out the reasons from the root. In the

selection of objects, most articles prefer to choose a

specific region as the research focus of logistics

efficiency, but the analysis of the differences,

improvement paths and internal mechanisms of

logistics efficiency among various components in the

region is often ignored. This issue has a great impact

on academic research. This paper is based on the

combination of green logistics and logistics

efficiency literature to sort out and summarize the

academic discussion on this topic.

2 CONNOTATION OF GREEN

LOGISTICS

2.1 Concept of Logistics

At the beginning of the 20th century, American

scholar Archie Shaw first defined the term "logistics"

in the 1915 book "Some Problems in Market

Circulation". He believes that the added value of

logistics itself is realized with the transfer of time and

space. After that, logistics gradually became a theory

and began to develop in the West. After more than 30

years of changes, with the continuous development of

the economy, the logistics theory in the West is also

constantly innovating, especially the proposal of

sustainable development, logistics began to be

studied from the perspective of environmental

protection and sustainable concepts.

Since the beginning of the last century, the

concept of logistics has been created and developed

through three stages. "Pre-logistics era", "logistics

era" and "new logistics era" Logistics discipline has

continuously advanced from the initial research on

modal cost and modal rate in order to design an

efficient transportation system to optimize

transportation, storage, packaging, The sum of

various logistics activities such as loading and

unloading, processing logistics information, and then

linking the mission and goals of the enterprise with

the logistics system, coordinating the production,

marketing and logistics of the enterprise. Since then,

with the concept of full responsibility proposed,

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468

people began to pay attention to the role of logistics,

and the economic contribution and social benefits of

enterprises have also been taken into consideration.

This stage is known as the subsequent development

stage of the third stage.

2.2 Proposal of Green Logistics

In 1980s, the logistics industry in the continuous

development of the process of social and

environmental problems are becoming more and

more serious, giving rise to air pollution, garbage

pollution and other issues. In the early 1990s,

Western scholars put forward the concept of green

logistics, and soon received the great attention of all

walks of life. In 1994, the famous logistics expert

James -In 1994, James Cowper, a famous logistics

expert, explored the great significance of developing

green logistics on the basis of research on how to

choose inventory strategy and transportation tools

(Xiao and Zhou, 2005). Afterwards, the academic

circles also began to study the way of green logistics.

In 2001, China published "Logistics Terminology"

(Wang Ping, 2001) on the definition of green logistics

is as follows, to inhibit logistics in the logistics

process of the environmental hazards caused by

logistics at the same time, the realization of the

purification of the material, so that the logistics

resources can be fully applied. As the trend of

economic globalization intensifies, green logistics

has gradually become an important part of the new

era of the economy and the supporting force, and a

frenzy of research on green logistics has been set off

at home and abroad, with many countries researching

and exploring green logistics from different

perspectives.

Some scholars have made different opinions on

green logistics in various scenarios, for the definition

of green logistics, the representative Jean-Paul

Rodrigue, Brian Slack and Claude Comtois think that

the environmentally friendly and environmentally

compatible, efficient logistics system is green

logistics (Slack et al., 2016). Wu and Dunn thought

that green logistics is a system that is conducive to the

protection of the environment. Dunn believed that

green logistics is a logistics system that is conducive

to the protection of the environment and

environmentally responsible (Barysienė et al., 2015).

Gonzalo and other scholars are more in-depth study

of green packaging from the perspective of

consumers and enterprises (Gonzalo et al., 2021).

2.3 Theory of Green Logistics

There are three theoretical foundations for green

logistics. The first is the economic theory of

sustainable development. Because of the need to

bring economic value, the logistics process consumes

a large amount of resources and energy, resulting in a

waste of resources and pollution of the environment.

On the other hand, sustainable development wants to

have a constant flow of resources for people to use,

so promoting sustainable development is the most

important factor. Secondly, there is the theory of

ecological economics, which takes the coordination

of economic and ecological objectives as the ultimate

goal to realize the common development of ecology

and economy. The past development of the logistics

industry has weakened the link between economic

and environmental benefits, overemphasizing

economic benefits and neglecting ecological benefits.

Finally, there is the theory of ecological ethics, where

people come out of their moral cultivation and realize

that the interest of protecting the ecological

environment is also to safeguard their own interests,

and that the author must consider the obligations

while enjoying the convenience. Due to the ethical

theory, people are more likely to have more goodwill

towards green enterprises, which enables them to gain

competitive advantage through green logistics, thus

promoting the development of green logistics.

2.4 Status of Green Logistics

The United States is one of the earliest countries in

the world to develop logistics, so it also attaches great

importance to the development of green logistics.

First of all, the policy, the development of a series of

laws and regulations, such as the Transportation

Security Act, the Comprehensive Environmental

Liability Compensation and Obligations Act, in order

to reduce the waste of resources in the logistics and

packaging process, and optimize the reverse logistics.

By the end of the last century, the United States has

basically completed the "Green Mark" requirements

for the realization of bag logistics. This not only helps

to reduce costs and revenues, but also helps to

improve corporate image, consumer recognition,

loyalty, so that enterprises can gain a competitive

advantage. From a policy perspective, Japan has been

leading the development of green logistics in the

country. Many Japanese cities have specific transit

centers and recycling centers, and through

reinforcement, they oversee transportation,

distribution, and scheduling in the city, thereby

achieving the goal of reducing environmental

Analysis of High-Quality Development of Logistics Efﬁciency Based on Low-Carbon Concepts

469

pollution and improving transportation efficiency. In

addition, Japan has developed smart devices such as

energy saving and emission reduction by improving

transportation systems through electric power

technology, cushioning material consumption for

automated packaging systems to reduce packaging

waste, and intelligent storage and sorting of objects

by AUTSTORE robots. The Japanese logistics

industry has been actively promoting modal shifts

(from automobiles to rail and sea transportation with

lower environmental loads), building operational

systems for mainline transportation, establishing

common distribution systems in metropolitan areas,

and promoting energy-efficient driving to control

pollution emissions.

Currently, China's green logistics development

program is initially implemented, while the green

development of logistics is not so rapid. According to

the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), "Statistical

Bulletin of the National Economic and Social

Development of the People's Republic of China in

2023", China's annual energy consumption is

equivalent to 5.72 billion tons of standard coal, an

increase of 5.7% compared to last year. Of this, coal

and natural gas consumption grew by 5.6% and 7.2%

respectively. Coal accounted for 55.3% of total

energy consumption, while clean energy accounted

for 26.4%. As can be seen from this, although the

proportion of clean energy in China is increasing year

by year, oil is still the main source of energy

consumption. The State has been actively promoting

the transformation of green logistics and encouraging

enterprises to transform and optimize it, and up to

now, China's exploration of the transformation of

green logistics has also achieved stage-by-stage

results.

In terms of providing a green port, Chongqing has

already begun to layout. As a key region in China's

western development and an important stop for the

China-Europe liner. With the continuous promotion

of green logistics construction, the shipping services

of Chongqing port are also being optimized and

upgraded, leading to the speedy progress of

Chongqing's logistics industry and economy.

However, the port area has not yet formed a green

shipping service industry cluster, but the port area has

not yet formed a green shipping service industry

cluster, many supporting facilities are backward, and

the logistics nodes are not well connected (Cui, 2024).

In terms of green parks, Wanwei Logistics

Development Co., Ltd. has built China's first zero-

carbon intelligent logistics demonstration park -

Wanwei Shanghai Park, which is the first in the

country in terms of the scale of cold storage, and

advocates "Empowering Intelligent Carbon

Neutrality with Technology". As of November 2022,

its building area reaches more than 4.9 million square

meters, and it has set up a rooftop distributed

photovoltaic power plant in the pilot park to offset the

carbon emissions in the park's operation through local

renewable energy supply, successfully completing a

zero-carbon logistics park (Gao, 2023).

3 DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND

CHALLENGEMENT

3.1 Globalization and Informatization

The continuous development of communication and

information technology has facilitated economic

globalization, and the rise of multinational

corporations has pushed forward the change of global

logistics and procurement mode. The popularization

of e-commerce has accelerated the development of e-

logistics, providing consumers and enterprises with

more efficient and convenient transaction methods.

Through e-commerce platforms, consumers can

achieve a global shopping experience, while

enterprises can more quickly understand market

demand and provide personalized services. The

application of e-logistics technologies, such as online

tracking, logistics scheduling and cargo inspection,

further enhances the efficiency and controllability of

the entire supply chain and promotes the development

of global trade.

3.2 Stereoscopic and Networked

Infrastructure

In 2020, the introduction of the National

Comprehensive Stereo Transportation Network

Planning Outline marked a new stage in China's

transportation infrastructure construction. The plan

outlines the future development strategy for an

integrated land, sea, and air transportation network to

elevate the quality of logistics services, and the future

logistics infrastructure in China will show the

characteristics of networked and three-dimensional

development. Specifically, the future development of

logistics infrastructure will reflect the following

characteristics.

First, the network coverage is wider. The scale of

the comprehensive transportation line network will

proceed to build up and the volume of transportation

lines will rise day by day. The transportation

conditions of border crossings, ports, industrial parks,

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470

rural areas and other important nodes will be

significantly improved, and the blockages and

bottlenecks of the relevant transportation routes will

be gradually eliminated.

Second, higher operational efficiency. The

construction of new infrastructure and the application

of information technology will promote the

development of various modes of transportation in the

direction of intelligence. At the same time, the reform

and innovation of the comprehensive management

system will enhance the efficiency of coordinated

operation between various modes of transportation.

3.3 Specialization and Refinement of

Service Model

With the adjustment of the structure of logistics

demand, the pattern of the service industry will also

be transformed. Various specialized logistics works,

such as e-commerce strategy, cold chain strategy and

threatened goods logistics, will develop. China

recently released the original five-year plan in

specialized strategy, “14th Five-Year Plan” (Ma,

2024) Cold Chain Logistics Development Plan,

indicating the importance of specialized logistics.

Enterprises will integrate resources and utilize high

technology in order to fight for traditional logistics

market share in the face of fierce competition. In the

future, the scale of supply of refined and high-quality

logistics services, such as instant direct delivery,

time-limited delivery and personalized delivery, will

also continue to increase.

3.4 Challenge of Logistics Efficiency

In modern years, the proportion of total social

logistics cost to GDP is still very high. According to

the data jointly released by various departments, it

can be seen that in 2023, China's full communal

strategy costs will be 12.1 trillion yuan, an increase of

9.2% year-on-year; the ratio of total social logistics

costs to GDP will be 14.6%. However, it is still much

higher than the level of 8% to 9% in developed

countries.

3.4.1 Logistics Systematic Not Strong

There are some problems in China's logistics

industry, such as the overall and comprehensive

nature is not strong enough, the transportation

structure is not reasonable enough, and the degree of

networking and organization is low. This has led to

the decentralized development of the logistics system,

weak supporting and compatibility of infrastructure,

and weak end-to-end network. In terms of the

logistics network, there are imperfections in the

network consisting of trunk lines, feeder lines,

terminals, as well as logistics hubs, parks, centres,

distribution centres, and terminal outlets, and there

are weak points between each link. At the same time,

the physical infrastructure, information network and

operation network have not yet formed a complete.

The ratio between public logistics infrastructure,

socialized logistics infrastructure and enterprise-

owned logistics infrastructure is also unreasonable.

3.4.2 Shortage of Logistics Infrastructure

Structure

The level of China's logistics industry does have some

challenges, such as relative lagging behind, low

proportion of modernized facilities, and insufficient

facilities such as modern warehousing and

multimodal transshipment. The comprehensive

transportation network is required to optimize the

layout, and the logistics park system has yet to be

established. In addition, there is a lack of

complementarity between different logistics

infrastructures, making it difficult to connect them

effectively. These problems require systematic and

comprehensive solutions to promote the

modernization of logistics infrastructure.

3.4.3 Third-Party Logistics Management

First of all, supply chain management includes

multiple links and participants, and each participant

has a blind spot in the understanding of information,

leading to information asymmetry from time to time.

Therefore, it is difficult for third-party logistics

enterprises to obtain the real situation of each

enterprise and cannot make accurate decisions.

Secondly, the service quality of third-party logistics

enterprises is difficult to guarantee under the high-

demand market, and there are cases of cargo loss and

delivery delay from time to time. And some third-

party logistics innovation ability is weak, lack of

advanced logistics management system means, thus

affecting the competitiveness of enterprises.

Excessive logistics costs are also a more serious

problem. Third-party logistics enterprises need to

maintain a large number of warehouses and workers,

and these costs will be added to the cost of services.

Finally, in today's rapidly changing information

technology, network security issues are of great

concern, the loss of plagiarism that occurs in the

transport process, will have an impact on the

credibility of the enterprise.

Analysis of High-Quality Development of Logistics Efﬁciency Based on Low-Carbon Concepts

471

3.4.4 Logistics Informatization and

Intelligence Lagging Behind

There are still some challenges in China's logistics

industry in terms of informatization and intelligence.

At present, the overall planning capacity needs to be

improved, the construction of logistics

informatization is relatively slow, industry standards

and norms are not sound enough, and there is a

relative shortage of information professionals. In

addition, the integrated development and sharing of

information resources is not sufficient and the

updating speed is slow. The overall application level

is low, especially the informationisation level of

small and medium-sized logistics enterprises

performs poorly, the application of advanced

technology is limited, and the integration of

informationisation with the work and manufacture

links of companies are lacking.

3.4.5 Lack of Connection with Other

Industries

The linkage between the logistics industry and the

manufacturing industry, agriculture, commerce and

trade, and e-commerce still exists to a certain extent.

At present, logistics is slow, costly, the channels are

not smooth enough, and the mode is relatively

outdated, which seriously restricts the manufacturing

industry to realize the process of changing from big

to strong, solving the problems of agriculture, and

promoting the sustainable development of commerce

and trade services and e-commerce. Structural

contradictions in supply and demand between

industries at different levels are prominent, and the

application of information technology platforms and

technologies in linking the logistics industry with

related industries is lagging behind, failing to bring

into sufficient play the facilitating effect on the linked

development of industries.

4 CONCLUSION

Under the “dual-carbon” goal, the logistics industry

also needs to emphasize energy savings and emission

reductions and promote green development. The key

to the development of a low-carbon economy lies in

the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. At present,

countries around the world are actively taking

measures to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide

and other greenhouse gases, such as strengthening

energy management, optimizing the energy structure,

and promoting clean energy. In China, the

Government promotes the development of a low-

carbon economy through the enactment of policies,

like encouraging energy conservation and clean

production, and promoting new energy vehicles. The

development of a low-carbon economy can reduce

greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with the

traditional economy, the low-carbon economy is

more efficient and smarter, which can enhance the

capability of resource utilization,cut down efficiency

consumption and waste emissions, and is also

conducive to promoting scientific and technological

innovation and improving product quality. With the

continuous development of low-carbon economy,

green logistics has also become an important link.

Green logistics aims to reduce emissions and achieve

sustainable development, environmental protection,

sustainable as the guide, to achieve the whole process

of logistics green, low-carbon, environmentally

friendly. The rise of green logistics can not only

decrease energy consumption and waste emissions,

but also improve logistics efficiency and service

quality, and bring more economic benefits and social

benefits for enterprises.

At present, people's understanding of green

logistics is not deep enough, through community

publicity, article pushing and other ways to let the

public have a deeper understanding of green logistics,

and gradually form a green consumer concept. At the

same time on the existing logistics system policy to

supplement and improve environmental protection,

the establishment of green logistics to make the

efficient development of the structure, the

development of green logistics in the policy.

Investment in the establishment of green logistics-

related infrastructure, the development of a unified

management system, due to the fact that there are now

fewer environmentally friendly logistics equipment,

many of which are independent and difficult to be

compatible, which makes it difficult to make changes

to the overall planning of logistics from a

macroscopic point of view, but also leads to a waste

of resources. Unified standards will help integrate

sustainable development into all aspects of green

logistics, green logistics cooperation and exchanges

between enterprises can also learn from each other's

successful experience in the implementation of green

logistics facilities to accelerate the improvement of

the use of technology.

The rise of green logistics is also inseparable from

the talent, strengthen the green logistics theory

research and talent training, in the university have

opened a green logistics management program, to

provide various levels of education and training,

because of the green logistics is a cross-specialty

MLSCM 2024 - International Conference on Modern Logistics and Supply Chain Management

472

disciplines, the need for cooperation between

colleges, but also need to enterprises and schools and

scientific research departments to cooperate, the

theory of the combination of education and practical

research, the development of green logistics,

technology and management of composite

specialties, to supplement the talent gap, the

establishment of green logistics facilities to use the

technology to improve. As a systematic project

involving multiple sectors, disciplines and subjects,

its development will not be accomplished overnight.

For the existing green logistics infrastructure, it is

necessary to integrate and raise the skill of its value.

It is necessary to fully utilize the government's and

associations' functions, use policy guidance to raise

the environmental protection concept of the whole

society, and break the independence of regions,

departments and industries in the past. People will

pay attention to the mutual cooperation between

schools and enterprises, and constantly fill the talent

gap in the industry, not only to cultivate their own

urgently needed logistics talents, but also to further

enhance the quality of in-service logistics personnel.

With the joint participation of the government,

enterprises and consumers, the author will accelerate

the realization of a logistics system that meets the

low-carbon requirements strategy of the new era,

which not only has ecological and environmental

protection value, but also brings better economic

value.

AUTHORS CONTRIBUTION

All the authors contributed equally and their names

were listed in alphabetical order.

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