Implementation of Modern Waste Management Model Circular

Economy 9R in Waste Management by Padang City Environment

Services

Harvi Dasnoer

and Afriva Khaidir

Department of Public Administration, Padang State University, Indonesia

Keywords: Policy Implementation, Modern Waste Management, Circular Economy 9R.

Abstract: Modern waste management can be interpreted as a waste management process with appropriate and

unconventional paradigms/concepts/methods/strategies. In fact, Padang City has implemented modern waste

management since 2018 with the 3R strategy. However, the results have not been optimal with the emergence

of new problems such as increasing waste generation every year, the emergence of 670 illegal TPS points,

and the projection of full TPAs in 2026. The aim of this research is to describe and analyze the implementation

of modern waste management using the 9R circular economy model in waste management, as well as

supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of modern waste management using the 9R circular

economy model in waste management by the Padang City Environmental Service. This research uses

descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques and tools in this research used interview

techniques, observation and documentation studies. Data analysis techniques use Miles and Huberman,

namely data collection, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This research uses Novian's (2024) theory

of implementing the 9R circular economy framework, namely reduce, reuse, recycle, replace, replant,

recovery, rethink, repair, and reorganization. The research results show that the implementation of modern

waste management policies with the 9R circular economy model in waste management by the Padang City

Environmental Service consists of 3 main aspects, namely waste reduction, waste handling and managed

waste. The supporting factors for the implementation of modern waste management with the 9R circular

economy model are the commitment of the regional leadership of the Mayor of Padang through the issuance

of Padang Mayor Regulation Number 15 of 2024 concerning the 2024-2044 Waste Management Master Plan

and regulations from the central government through the Road Map and National Action Plan for the

Indonesian Circular Economy 2025-2045. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factor in implementing modern waste

management using the 9R circular economy model is the lack of quality and quantity of apparatus resources.

In terms of quantity, the current number of DLH officers is approximately 375 (three hundred and seventy

five) people, which is disproportionate to the area of Padang City. In terms of the quality of the apparatus,

most of them have a high school education background or below with a total of 184 people and overall not all

of the apparatus have been given technical guidance or training in implementing a circular economy.

1 INTRODUCTION

Waste management is one of the environmental issues

that is quite urgent. The issue of waste management

is not only an urban or national issue, but has also

become an international issue. According to a report

entitled What a Waste 2.0 by the World Bank, the

world produces 2.01 billion tons of urban solid waste

every year. The World Bank also projects that global

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5890-4426

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1565-5133

waste will increase by 70% by 2050 – to 3.40 billion

tons of waste per year (Mita, 2023). Current

conditions in Indonesia still face many challenges in

creating an ecosystem that is conducive to responsible

waste management. So that problems in waste

management in various aspects have not yet found a

solution (Aisyiah, et al, 2019). Referring to data from

the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Indonesia

produces 35.93 million tons of waste throughout 2022

(KLHK, 2023). This amount increased 22.04%

Dasnoer, H. and Khaidir, A.

Implementation of Modern Waste Management Model Circular Economy 9R in Waste Management by Padang City Environment Services.

DOI: 10.5220/0013416700004654

In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Humanities Education, Law, and Social Science (ICHELS 2024), pages 373-378

ISBN: 978-989-758-752-8

373

annually from 2021 of 29.44 million tons (KLHK,

2022). As for the volume of waste generation in 2023,

it will experience a significant increase with waste

generated amounting to 69.9 million tons.

One of the largest waste contributors is in urban

areas in Indonesia. The challenge of wast

management is one of the main urban challenges

today. Relying on the waste pattern of collect-

transport-dispose makes waste only a form of

problem transfer, which is different if the waste is

processed further (Aisyiah, et al, 2019). Padang City

as the largest city on the west coast of Sumatra Island

has an area of 694.96 km² with a population of

942,938 people and a population density of 1,373

people/km² (BPS, 2023). The increasing activity in

the city of Padang as the center of government,

education center, trade center and tourist destination,

as well as the instantaneous change in people's

behavior is now the cause of the increasing volume,

types and characteristics of increasingly diverse

waste in the city of Padang.

In fact, the Padang City Government has issued

various legal products related to waste management

regulations, such as:

Padang Mayor Regulation Number 109 of 2019

concerning Guidelines for Implementing

Padang City Regional Regulation Number 21

of 2012 concerning Waste Management.

Padang Mayor Regulation Number 36 of 2018

concerning Control of the Use of Plastic

Shopping Bags, with the aim "to protect areas

from pollution and environmental damage due

to the use of plastic shopping bags".

Padang Mayor Regulation Number 39 of 2021

concerning Management and Marketing of

Recycled Waste Products

Regulation of the Mayor of Padang Number 44

of 2018 concerning Policies and Strategies

(Jakstrada) of the City of Padang in the

Management of Household Waste and Similar

Types of Household Waste, with the aim "to

provide guarantees for the fulfillment of the

right to a healthy environment for every

member of society, while at the same time

providing space for widest possible

participation of the community and business

actors in reducing and handling waste. In this

Jakstrada Regulation it is also stated that the

waste management paradigm has also been

carried out in a modern way over a period of 8

years (2018-2025) through the 3R (Reduce,

Reuse, Recycle) concept as explained in the

image below.

However, neither the Regional Regulation

products nor the modern 3R concept have been able

to create significant changes in waste management in

Padang City. Referring to the Ministry of

Environment and Forestry's National Waste

Management Information System (SIPSN), Padang

City produces 236,296 tons of waste throughout

2023. This number increased by 9.94% compared to

2022 of 234,973 tons. This fact further exacerbates

the waste problem in Padang City, which seems

stagnant and there is no practical solution in

managing it. This has become a scourge for the

Regional Government because the people of Padang

City still seem apathetic and have not taken an active

role together with the Regional Government in

maintaining environmental cleanliness to alleviate

the urban waste problem.

On August 22 2023, at Padang City Hall, Hendri

Septa as Mayor of Padang held a limited meeting with

the Environmental Service which was attended by the

sub-district heads as regional leaders and village

heads throughout Padang City. In his direction, the

Mayor of Padang pledged that the City of Padang was

a waste emergency due to the increasing condition of

waste generation at the end of his leadership. If this

continues, the Cold Water Landfill is projected to be

full in 2026 (Diskominfo Padang, 2023). The results

of the researcher's interviews with informants during

pre-research also confirmed that Padang City

experienced an increase in waste generation as stated

by the informant as follows:

“…. Every day the City of Padang produces ±

600-650 tons of waste per day which is

transported to the Cold Water Final Disposal Site

(TPA) with waste recycling activities of only 100

tons per day. "Apart from that, Padang City DLH

found 670 locations where waste was dumped

carelessly due to a lack of public awareness of

waste management." (interview with Mr. Fadel as

Head of the Padang City Environmental Service,

03 September 2023).

From the results of the interviews, the researchers

also strengthened the data through field observations,

with documentation of a map of the locations of

random waste disposal by the community in Padang

City in 2023.

Therefore, the urgency of waste management in

the city of Padang in this modern era must receive top

priority in determining policies and their

implementation. The aim of this research is to

describe and analyze the implementation of modern

waste management using the 9R circular economy

model in waste management by the Padang City

Environmental Service as well as supporting and

inhibiting factors for its implementation.

ICHELS 2024 - The International Conference on Humanities Education, Law, and Social Science

374

2 METHOD

The type of research is qualitative research with a

descriptive approach. The research location is the

Padang City Environmental Service. To obtain data

from the field, researchers used interview guidelines,

field observations, and documentation using data

collection triangulation techniques. to be further

analyzed using the Miles and Huberman Model

analysis technique, namely data reduction, data

display, and conclusion drawing.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Implementation of Modern Waste

Management with the Circular

Economy 9R Model in Waste

Management by the Padang City

Environmental Service

Novian (2024) stated that the circular economy

concept in Indonesia is implemented using the 9R

framework. The implementation of the 9R circular

economy in Padang City has been regulated in

Padang Mayor Regulation Number 15 of 2024

concerning the 2024-2044 Waste Management

Master Plan. From the results of the researchers'

findings, the implementation of the modern waste

management model circular economy 9R by the

Padang Environmental Service can be explained as

follows:

Reduce. The application of reduce by the

Padang City Environmental Service is PSP

(Plastic Waste Reduction) activities such as

not providing bottled mineral water during

meetings or other gatherings. Padang city

government has also established regulations

for Padang Mayor Regulation Number 38 of

2019 concerning Controlling the Use of

Plastic Shopping Bags to reduce the use of

plastic waste in Padang City, so as to reduce

the volume of waste generation.

Recycle. The application of recycling carried

out by Padang City Environmental Service is

modifying waste so that it can be reused into

various kinds of products such as flower pots,

dish soap, smagot, and other useful waste.

Reuse. The application of reuse carried out

by Padang City Environmental Service is by

reusing various kinds of waste without

changing anything from the waste, such as

reusing administrative error paper into

employee record paper and so on.

Replace. The application of replace carried

out by Padang City Environmental Service is by

replacing items that have the potential to become

waste with items that have a longer useful life,

such as reusing used tires from official vehicles

into seats.

Replant. The application of replanting carried

out by Padang City Environmental Service is by

carrying out activities to use existing plants for

replanting to save or produce economic benefits

such as growing vegetables, medicinal plants,

kitchen spices and so on.

Rethink. The application of rethink carried out

by Padang City Environmental Service is to hold

staff meetings every month to think together

again about how DLH Padang City as the agency

with authority in environmental management has

good performance and of course creates a clean,

beautiful and comfortable Padang City.

Recovery. The implementation of recovery

carried out by Padang City Environmental

Service is the use of waste which is converted

into an energy source with development

assistance from the central government of TPST-

RDF which can reduce 200 tons of waste per day

which is converted into fuel instead of coal for

PT. Semen Padang.

Repair. The implementation of repairs carried

out by Padang City Environmental Service is to

repair damaged components of facilities and

infrastructure for reuse in waste management.

Reorganization. The implementation of the

reorganization carried out by Padang City

Environmental Service is by readjusting the

nomenclature rules for the Padang City DLH

agency according to the latest regulations issued

by the central government to optimize the

agency's performance such as the DLH

institutional development plan by structuring the

regulator's duties and operator functions,

establishing a waste service UPTD, developing

the UPTD by implementing financial

management patterns for regional public service

agencies (PPK-BLUD), delegating some waste

management authority to sub-districts, and

developing waste management cooperation.

Implementation of Modern Waste Management Model Circular Economy 9R in Waste Management by Padang City Environment Services

375

3.2 Supporting and Inhibiting Factors

for the Implementation of Modern

Waste Management with the

Circular Economy 9R Model in

Waste Management by the Padang

City Environmental Service

Supporting factors for the implementation of

the circular economy carried out by DLH Padang City

are the commitment of the regional leadership of the

Mayor of Padang through the issuance of Padang

Mayor Regulation Number 15 of 2024 concerning the

Master Plan for Waste Management 2024-2044 and

regulations from the central government through the

Road Map and National Action Plan for Indonesia's

Circular Economy 2025 -2045.

The inhibiting factor in implementing the

circular economy by DLH Padang City is the lack of

quality and quantity of apparatus resources. The

current quantity of DLH personnel is approximately

375 (three hundred and seventy five) people which is

disproportionate to the area of Padang City. The

quality of the apparatus is that most of them have a

high school education background or below, with the

number reaching 184 people.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the results of the analysis and discussion,

the author draws several conclusions as follows:

Implementation of modern waste

management policies with the 9R circular

economy model in waste management by the

Padang City Environmental Service consists

of 3 aspects, namely waste reduction, waste

handling, and managed waste: reduce,

namely by socializing and implementing PSP

(Plastic Waste Reduction), for example,

mineral water packaging which is replaced

with a tumbler during gatherings or

conferences. Reuse is the reuse of spoons,

paper from administrative errors to be reused.

Recycling is making flower pots from used

gallons, used shopping bags. Replace is

making a sitting garden from used tires from

official vehicles. Replant is planting plants

that are useful and have economic value such

as vegetables and medicines in the Padang

City DLH office environment. Recovery,

namely the use of waste which is converted

into an energy source with assistance from

the construction of TPST-RDF from the

central government which can reduce 200

tons of waste per day which is converted into

fuel as a substitute for coal for PT. Semen

Padang. Rethink, namely conducting

performance evaluations through monthly

staff meetings to improve performance and

achieve agency goals. Repair is repairing

components of waste management facilities

and infrastructure that can still be used

through the maintenance budget.

Reorganization, namely readjusting the

nomenclature rules for Padang City DLH

agencies according to the latest regulations

issued by the central government to optimize

agency performance.

Supporting factors are the commitment of the

regional leadership of the Mayor of Padang

through the issuance of Padang Mayor

Regulation Number 15 of 2024 concerning

the 2024-2044 Waste Management Master

Plan and regulations from the central

government through the Road Map and

National Action Plan for the 2025-2045

Indonesian Circular Economy.

The inhibiting factor is the lack of quality and

quantity of apparatus resources. In terms of

quantity, the current number of DLH officers

is approximately 375 (three hundred and

seventy five) people, which is

disproportionate to the area of Padang City.

In terms of the quality of the apparatus, most

of them have a high school education

background or below with a total of 184

people and overall not all of the apparatus

have been given technical guidance or

training in implementing a circular economy.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thank you to Allah SWT, family and Big Family of

Padang State University.

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