Uncovering a Decade of Research Trends in Glucocorticoid-Induced

Osteoporosis: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis (2014-2023)

Muhammad Shokhiful Wafa Arya Wida Sena

1,*

, Nanang Wiyono

2,5

, Rieva Ermawan

and Oski Illiandri

School of Medical Science, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia

Department of Orthopedic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, 70123, Indonesia

Research Group of Brain, Degenerative Disease and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret,

Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia

Keywords: Glucocorticoid, Osteoporosis, Bibliometrics.

Abstract: Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a common consequence of prolonged glucocorticoid therapy.

GIOP is characterized by a significant decrease in bone mineral density, leading to an increased risk of

fractures and associated morbidity. As a complex medical condition, it has been the subject of extensive

research over the years. To gain insight into the evolving landscape of research on GIOP, a bibliometric

analysis can provide a comprehensive overview. This study aims to shed light on the importance of GIOP as

a critical research area, drawing attention to the need for further investigation, the identification of knowledge

gaps, and the promotion of interdisciplinary collaboration in the ongoing battle against GIOP. Every piece of

information was gathered from the SCOPUS. All original research articles regarding GIOP from 2014-2023

were retrieved. VOSviewer was used to analyze the distribution of countries, institutions, journals, authors,

and keywords. We are identifying patterns throughout the domain by creating maps of co-occurrence

keywords and finding high-volume keywords. From 2014 to 2023, there were 494 pertinent articles published,

with the highest annual publication count recorded in 2021. China emerged as the leading country in this field,

contributing 198 publications, while Guangdong Medical University led as the top institution with 14

publications. "Bone" stood out as the journal with the most studies and cited journal. Fu Q., Hofbauer L C.,

Liang D. and Ren H. are the most prolific author in this field with each contributing 7 articles. The co-

occurrence classification of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis field development map yields 9 clusters.

Osteoporosis, glucocorticoid, and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis dominate the network. The findings

of this bibliometric study offer valuable insights into the state of GIOP research over the last decade. This

information enables researchers to promptly identify the current focal points and emerging trends within this

field.

1 INTRODUCTION

Glucocorticoids, both natural hormones and synthetic

drugs, primarily interact with the glucocorticoid

receptor, exerting anti-proliferative, anti-

inflammatory, vasoconstrictive effects, and

immunosuppressive. They find extensive use in

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6204-6915

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0396-4337

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-5287

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2798-3695

treating acute and chronic inflammatory conditions,

lymphoproliferative diseases, mitigating

chemotherapy or radiotherapy side effects, and

preventing organ transplant rejection. Additionally,

they are employed as chronic replacement therapy for

individuals with adrenal insufficiency (Laurent et al.,

2022). Approximately 1% of adults, especially older

individuals, use glucocorticoids chronically. Based

Sena, M. S. W. A. W., Wiyono, N., Ernawan, R. and Iliandri, O.

Uncovering a Decade of Research Trends in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis (2014-2023).

DOI: 10.5220/0013666400003873

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Medical Science and Health (ICOMESH 2023), pages 86-93

ISBN: 978-989-758-740-5

on observational studies, oral glucocorticoid use is

about 3% in older man and post-menopausal women

(Fadet et al., 2015).

However, chronic exposure to glucocorticoids

elevates the risk of adverse effects, including bone

loss leading to osteoporosis and an increased

susceptibility to fractures. Drug-induced secondary

osteoporosis occurs most commonly due to

glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). There

is rapid bone loss in the early phase followed by a

slower but continuous decline on initiation of

glucocorticoid therapy. In glucocorticoid-induced

osteoporosis (GIOP), there is a notably increased risk

of vertebral fractures, with those using high doses

facing a fivefold higher risk. Moreover, the risk of hip

fractures rises by 130%, and non-vertebral fractures

exhibit a 65% increase (Balasubramanian et al., 2018).

The economic burden of GIOP is not well-defined

but is believed to be substantial. Fracture risk

escalates early in glucocorticoid therapy. Frequently,

these adverse effects manifest before a notable

decline in bone mineral density (BMD) becomes

evident (Laurent et al., 2022). Discontinuation of

glucocorticoids may lead to a partial recovery of

BMD and a reduction in fracture risk after about a

year. Fractures in glucocorticoid-induced

osteoporosis (GIOP) often happen at BMD levels

higher than those observed in postmenopausal

osteoporosis. Studies suggest that both the current

daily dose and high cumulative doses are risk factors

for fractures. Long-term glucocorticoid users may

experience fracture prevalences of 30-50%

(Weinstein, 2011). The severity and risk of fractures

in osteoporosis associated with endogenous Cushing

syndrome are correlated with the duration and

intensity of hypercortisolism (Belaya et al., 2015).

The underlying mechanisms of glucocorticoid-

induced osteoporosis (GIOP) are intricate, involving

direct effects on bone cells (such as osteocytes,

osteoclasts, and osteoblasts) and indirect effects

through the gonadotropic axes and suppression of the

somatotropic. Moreover, there is a reduction in the

absorption of calcium in the intestines, and the

development of glucocorticoid-induced myopathy

and cataracts, increasing the susceptibility to falls

(Weinstein, 2011). Glucocorticoids contribute to the

promotion of osteoclastogenesis and prolong the

lifespan of osteoclasts. They additionally hinder

osteoblastogenesis, induce adipogenesis, and initiate

apoptosis in osteoblasts and osteocytes. These

impacts are, to some extent, controlled by the

inhibition of Wnt agonists and the increased

expression of Wnt signaling inhibitors, such as Dkk1

and sclerostin (Schepper et al., 2020). This not only

results in diminished bone mass but may also impact

the unmineralized bone matrix, potentially

elucidating their effects beyond bone mineral density

(BMD) (Vestergaard, 2020). Recent preclinical

studies have also suggested that an excess of

glucocorticoids disrupts the intestinal microbiota and

the natural circadian rhythm of glucocorticoids,

further contributing to the adverse effects on bone

health (Schilperoort et al., 2021)

The exploration of glucocorticoid-induced

osteoporosis (GIOP) has a rich history spanning

nearly 90 years, dating back to the initial recognition

of the harmful impacts of glucocorticoids (GC) on

bone (Lukert and Raisz, 1990). Throughout the years,

numerous clinical and fundamental studies

investigating glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis

(GIOP) have been carried out. However, despite the

extensive research, solely one bibliometric analysis

concentrating on GIOP has been previously

documented. This study utilized the Web of Science

Core Collection (WoSCC) as the primary literature

source, employed CiteSpace for data analysis, and

concentrated on the period from 2012 to 2022 (Jiang

et al., 2022).

Bibliometrics, a statistical and mathematical tool,

is utilized to gain insights into the trends, current

status, and future directions of a particular research

field by quantitatively assessing factors such as the

geographical distributions and number of papers.

(Gasparyan et al., 2018). Additionally, bibliometric

analysis can offer valuable references for government

policy formulation, guiding funding decisions, and

recognizing scientific researchers for their

contributions (Qiu et al., 2018). Because of these

benefits, bibliometric analysis has been extensively

utilized in diverse medical research areas,

encompassing osteoporosis, male osteoporosis,

postmenopausal osteoporosis, and beyond. (Qiu et al.,

2018; Gao et al., 2020; Wu et al., 2021).

Given the recent developments in GIOP research,

there is a pressing need for a continuous bibliometric

analysis in this field. The present study seeks to

underscore the significance of GIOP as a crucial

research area, emphasize the necessity for further

exploration, pinpoint knowledge gaps, and foster

interdisciplinary collaboration in the ongoing efforts

against GIOP. To achieve these objectives, the

authors utilized Scopus as the literature source and

employed VOSviewer as the analytical software.

Uncovering a Decade of Research Trends in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis (2014-2023)

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.1 Data Collection

The Scopus database was utilized for the

identification of publications subjected to analysis.

The search query involved the keywords: TITLE-

ABS-KEY (glucocorticoid-induced AND

osteoporosis) AND PUBYEAR > 2013 AND

PUBYEAR < 2024 AND (LIMIT-TO (PUBSTAGE,

"final")) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE,

"English")) AND (LIMIT-TO (DOCTYPE, "ar"))

AND (LIMIT-TO (SRCTYPE, "j")) AND (LIMIT-

TO (EXACTKEYWORD, "Article")). The data

considered for examination spans the timeframe from

2014 to 2023 based on updates corresponding to

timestamps. Additionally, the outcomes of the search

were not only preserved as Scopus documents for

bibliometric scrutiny but were also stored in Excel

documents, ensuring that the titles of the documents

contained pertinent keywords. This supplementary

step was implemented to facilitate manual searches

when deemed necessary.

2.2 Research Tools

Data pertaining to eligible documents, meeting the

specified criteria, encompassed details such as

journal, language, author, title, abstract, keywords,

publication years, affiliation, citation count, and

document type. This information was exported in

CSV format, with the data capture date set at

November 25, 2023. VOSviewer (version 1.6.20) was

employed for the analysis of Co-occurrence. Two

standardized weight attributes, identified as "Total

Link Strength Attribute" and "Link Attribute", were

applied throughout the analysis (Stephan, Veugelers,

Wang, 2017).

3 RESULTS

3.1 Research Developments in the

Glucocorticoid-Induced

Osteoporosis

A total of 494 publications were identified after

eliminating duplicate entries. The surge in scientific

publications within the glucocorticoid-induced

osteoporosis field reflects a global uptick in the

number of researchers, as depicted in Figure 1.

Between 2014 until 2023, there was a discernible

escalation in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis

research, with the pinnacle occurring in 2021.

Noteworthy spikes were observed in 2018 and 2021,

marking respective increases of 21.27 percent and 15

percent compared to the preceding year.

Figure 1: Trend research of GIOP in the worldwide for 10

years

3.2 The Most Profilic Authors

Figure 2: Top Ten Contributing Authors in the area GIOP

research worldwide

Fu Q., Hofbauer LC., Liang D. and Ren H., emerge

as the most prolific authors in this domain, each

contributing to seven articles. They are followed by

Tang, J., Lespessailles, E., Jiang, X., Shen, G., and

Mu, S., each having contributed to six papers.

3.3 The Most Profilic Affiliations

Guangdong Medical University stands out as the top

contributor in this field, having authored fourteen

articles. Following closely are China Medical

University Shenyang and Guangzhou University of

Chinese, each with eleven articles to their credit.

Subsequent contributors include Shanghai Jiao Tong

University, Technische Universitat Dresden, Kindai

ICOMESH 2023 - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH

University School of Medicine, McMaster

University, The University of Sydney, University of

Oxford, and Zentrum fur Regenerative Therapies.

Figure 3: Top Ten Affiliations in the area of GIOP research

worldwide

3.4 Top Ten Countries

Figure 4: Top Ten Countries in the area of GIOP research

worldwide

China emerges as the primary contributor in this

domain, having authored 198 articles. The United

States and Japan follow in second and third place,

with 78 and 68 articles, respectively.

3.5 Top Ten Sponsors

The primary contributor in this area is the National

Natural Science Foundation of China, with 97

documents indexed in Scopus. Following in second

place is the National Institutes of Health, with 24

documents.

Figure 5: Top Ten Funding Sponsors in the area of GIOP

research worldwide

3.6 Subject Area

Figure 6: The most subject area of GIOP.

The predominant field of study in glucocorticoid-

induced osteoporosis research within Scopus journals

is medicine, constituting 43.5%. Subsequently, there

is Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology,

constituting 30.5%, along with Pharmaceutics,

Toxicology, and Pharmacology, holding a share of

11.8%.

3.7 Top Source by Year

From 2014 to 2023, Bone held the leading position,

publishing 26 articles, followed by Osteoporosis

International and Journal of Bone and Mineral

Metabolism with 19 and 16 articles respectively.

During 2014-2023, the number of articles accepted

from each source fluctuated. The largest increases

were recorded by Bone sources in 2014-2015 and

2019-2020.

Uncovering a Decade of Research Trends in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis (2014-2023)

Figure 7: Top Source by year in the area of GIOP research

worldwide

3.8 Topic Area Visualization Using

Vosviewer

The depiction of keywords associated with research

themes on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis was

automatically represented as circles in Vosviewer.

The size of each circle corresponds to the significance

of an item or keyword, expanding in size with

increased frequency. Varying colors were assigned to

circles within clusters (van Eck and Waltman, 2014).

The outcome was derived through the utilization

of Vosviewer, which employed the frequency of

author keywords based on bibliographic data. A

minimum occurrence threshold of 4 was set, resulting

in a pool of 1033 keywords, of which only 65 met the

specified condition. After conducting the analysis,

nine separate clusters were recognized to depict

trends within the research sector of glucocorticoid-

induced osteoporosis, each characterized by a distinct

color.

The gathered keywords were categorized into

these nine clusters, and as anticipated, "osteoporosis"

stood out prominently. Figure 8 in the network

visualization illustrates the interconnections among

the examined issue areas, delineating the

relationships between the clusters. Each cluster

encompasses numerous keywords that exhibit

substantial coherence within the map's structure.

In each cluster, distinct frequent instances of

keywords illustrate the predominant research subjects

investigated in prior studies. The top three clusters are

marked by the most recurring keywords, with Cluster

1 highlighting the terms "osteoporosis" (187) and

"glucocorticoids" (65) as the most prevalent. In the

second cluster, "glucocorticoid-induced

osteoporosis" (112) holds dominance.

Figure 8: Network Visualization of GIOP field publication co-occurrence map using Vosviewer.

ICOMESH 2023 - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH

4 DISCUSSIONS

From our current study, 494 publications on

Glucocorticoid-induces Osteoporosis indexed in the

Scopus database were analyzed. As the most

frequently occurring keyword, "Osteoporosis" has a

strong relationship with "Glucocorticoid" and

"Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis". The analysis

highlighted two key focal points: the

pathomechanism and treatment of Glucocorticoid-

induced Osteoporosis (GIOP).

Extensive research has been conducted on the

effects of glucocorticoids in triggering osteoporosis,

and Vosviewer analysis results show a total of 76

articles with "Glucocorticoid" as the main keyword.

In addition, Glucocorticoid is interconnected with

other research topics, with a total of 146 total link

strength, making it an important research trend,

especially regarding its relationship with

osteoporosis, especially secondary osteoporosis.

Notably, the keyword "Glucocorticoid" ranks third in

frequency after "osteoporosis" and "Glucocorticoid-

induced osteoporosis".

The use of glucocorticoids has seen an increase in

various countries over the past two decades.

However, this rise is coupled with inappropriate

usage (Luo et al., 2022). In France, the prescribing

rate of oral glucocorticoids exceeded 17%, but a

substantial portion of these prescriptions was deemed

inappropriate (Benard-Laribiere et al., 2017).

Similarly, India reported that out of 113 patients,

88.4% of glucocorticoid use was considered

inappropriate, involving improper diagnoses and

indications not aligned with clinical standards and

evidence-based practice guidelines (Masih et al.,

2015). Furthermore, systemic glucocorticoids are

utilized in more than 11% of cases of acute

respiratory infections in the United States (Dvorin et

al., 2018). China also experiences prevalent

inappropriate glucocorticoid use, particularly in

primary care institutions, where a study revealed that

63.5% of inappropriate prescriptions in 27 primary

care facilities involved glucocorticoids (Luo et al.,

2022). This trend raises concerns about potential

adverse effects, particularly the development of

secondary osteoporosis.

The analysis indicates a notable surge in the

impact of glucocorticoids on osteoporosis in 2021,

possibly attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Glucocorticoids are frequently employed as part of

the treatment regimen for inflammation associated

with COVID-19 (Lindou-Renalt et al., 2022).

Fracture stands out as the most severe

complication arising from osteoporosis. Projections

indicate a substantial increase in the global incidence

of hip fractures by 2050, with an anticipated rise of

240% in women and 310% in men (Gullberg, Johnell,

and Kanis, 1997). In Europe, fragility fractures stand

as the fourth most prevalent cause of chronic

illnesses, trailing ischemic heart disease, dementia,

and lung cancer (Hernlund et al., 2013). The top five

countries contributing to the incidence of

osteoporosis worldwide are India, China, the United

States, Japan, and Germany (Shen et al., 2022). This

aligns with the distribution of countries that prioritize

research on osteoporosis, particularly glucocorticoid-

induced osteoporosis (GIOP). China takes the lead,

followed by the United States and Japan in

subsequent positions.

This analysis thoroughly investigated

publications focusing on glucocorticoid-induced

osteoporosis (GIOP) using data from Scopus.

However, it is important to recognize certain

limitations in this study, which offer valuable insights

for future research endeavors. Primarily, this study

exclusively relied on English-language journals,

potentially overlooking significant contributions

from countries with large populations of

glucocorticoid users or osteoporosis sufferers, such as

India. This limitation stems from the exclusion of

journals published in local languages from the

analysis. Additionally, the study was constrained by

the inherent limitations of the selected software. To

enhance the examination of result variations and the

visual presentation of additional data, the use of

supplementary software may prove beneficial for

future bibliometric analyses.

5 CONCLUSIONS

In summary, this investigation focused on articles

related to Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis

(GIOP) published from 2014 to 2023. The study

delineates the temporal distribution, emphasizing

notable countries, institutions, authors, and journals.

It also outlines primary reference sources and

conducts a keyword analysis. The research landscape

in this domain has displayed stability in recent years,

with prominent areas of interest revolving around the

pathogenesis and treatment of GIOP. Looking ahead,

there is a call for increased basic and preclinical in

vivo research, particularly exploring potentially

effective drugs for GIOP. Additionally, a heightened

emphasis on high-quality clinical trials is warranted.

The outcomes of this bibliometric study offer

valuable insights into the status and evolving trends

of GIOP research over the past decade. This

Uncovering a Decade of Research Trends in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis (2014-2023)

information can aid researchers in swiftly identifying

key focal points and contemporary frontiers, thereby

fostering further advancements in the field.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors are grateful to Universitas Sebelas Maret

for supporting this research.

REFERENCES

Balasubramanian, A., Wade, S. W., Adler, R. A., Saag, K.,

Pannacciulli, N., & Curtis, J. R. (2018). Glucocorticoid

Exposure and Fracture Risk in a Cohort of US Patients

with Selected Conditions. Journal of bone and mineral

research: the official journal of the American Society

for Bone and Mineral Research. 33:1881–8.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3523

Belaya, Z. E., Hans, D., Rozhinskaya, L. Y., Dragunova, N.

V., Sasonova, N. I., Solodovnikov, A. G., Tsoriev, T.

T., Dzeranova, L. K., Melnichenko, G. A., & Dedov, I.

I. (2015). The risk factors for fractures and trabecular

bone-score value in patients with endogenous Cushing's

syndrome. Archives of osteoporosis, 10, 44.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-015-0244-1

Bénard-Laribière, A., Pariente, A., Pambrun, E., Bégaud,

B., Fardet, L., & Noize, P. (2017). Prevalence and

prescription patterns of oral glucocorticoids in adults: a

retrospective cross-sectional and cohort analysis in

France. BMJ open, 7(7), e015905.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015905

Dvorin, E. L., Lamb, M. C., Monlezun, D. J., Boese, A. C.,

Bazzano, L. A., & Price-Haywood, E. G. (2018). High

Frequency of Systemic Corticosteroid Use for Acute

Respiratory Tract Illnesses in Ambulatory Settings.

JAMA internal medicine, 178(6), 852–854.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.0103

Fardet L, Petersen I, Nazareth I. (2015). Monitoring of

Patients on Long-Term Glucocorticoid Therapy: A

Population-Based Cohort Study. Med (Baltimore). 94:

e647. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000000647

Gao, Q., Zhang, C., Wang, J., Wei, Q., Wei, Q., Miyamoto,

A., Zhu, S., & He, C. (2020). The top 100 highly cited

articles on osteoporosis from 1990 to 2019: a

bibliometric and visualized analysis. Archives of

osteoporosis, 15(1), 144.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-020-0705-z

Gasparyan, A. Y., Yessirkepov, M., Duisenova, A.,

Trukhachev, V. I., Kostyukova, E. I., & Kitas, G. D.

(2018). Researcher and Author Impact Metrics:

Variety, Value, and Context. Journal of Korean medical

science, 33(18), e139.

https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e139

Gullberg, B., Johnell, O., & Kanis, J. A. (1997). World-

wide projections for hip fracture. Osteoporosis

international: a journal established as result of

cooperation between the European Foundation for

Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis

Foundation of the USA, 7(5), 407–413.

https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00004148

Hernlund, E., Svedbom, A., Ivergård, M., Compston, J.,

Cooper, C., Stenmark, J., McCloskey, E. V., Jönsson,

B., & Kanis, J. A. (2013). Osteoporosis in the European

Union: medical management, epidemiology and

economic burden. A report prepared in collaboration

with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF)

and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical

Industry Associations (EFPIA). Archives of

osteoporosis, 8(1), 136.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-013-0136-1

Jiang, B., Feng, C., Li, C., Tu, C., & Li, Z. (2022). A

bibliometric and visualization analysis of

glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis research from

2012 to 2021. Frontiers in endocrinology, 13, 961471.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.961471

Laurent MR, Goemaere S, Verroken C, Bergmann P, Body

JJ, Bruyère, O, Cavalier E, Rozenberg S, Lapauw B, &

Gielen E. (2022). Prevention and Treatment of

Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis in Adults:

Consensus Recommendations From the Belgian Bone

Club. Frontiers in endocrinology.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.908727

Lidou-Renault, V., Baudouin, E., Courtois-Amiot, P., et al.

(2022). Corticosteroid Therapy in COVID-19

Associated With In-hospital Mortality in Geriatric

Patients: A Propensity Matched Cohort Study. The

journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences

and medical sciences, 77(7), 1352–1360.

https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glac084

Lukert, B. P., & Raisz, L. G. (1990). Glucocorticoid-

induced osteoporosis: pathogenesis and management.

Annals of internal medicine, 112(5), 352–364.

https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-5-352

Luo, X., Yu, S., Zeng, Z., Zhou, X., Liu, Y., Wang, L., Hu,

J., & Chang, Y. (2022). Systemic glucocorticoid

prescriptions pattern and factors of inappropriate use in

primary care institutions of Southwest China. Frontiers

in public health, 10, 952098.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.952098

Masih, S., Cynthia Stephen, S., Joy Armstrong, L., &

Finny, P. (2015). Use and misuse of glucocorticoids in

the community of Raxaul Block, North Bihar. Tropical

doctor, 45(2), 68–72.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0049475514567756

Qiu, Y., Yang, W., Wang, Q., Yan, S., Li, B., & Zhai, X.

(2018). Osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in this

decade: a bibliometric assessment of current research

and future hotspots. Archives of osteoporosis, 13(1),

121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-018-0534-5

Schepper, J. D., Collins, F., Rios-Arce, N. D., Kang, H. J.,

Schaefer, L., Gardinier, J. D., Raghuvanshi, R., Quinn,

R. A., Britton, R., Parameswaran, N., & McCabe, L. R.

(2020). Involvement of the Gut Microbiota and Barrier

Function in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis.

Journal of bone and mineral research: the official

journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral

ICOMESH 2023 - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH

Research, 35(4), 801–820.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3947

Schilperoort, M., Kroon, J., Kooijman, S., Smit, A. E.,

Gentenaar, M., Mletzko, K., Schmidt, F. N., van

Ruijven, L., Busse, B., Pereira, A. M., Appelman-

Dijkstra, N. M., Bravenboer, N., Rensen, P. C. N.,

Meijer, O. C., & Winter, E. M. (2021). Loss of

glucocorticoid rhythm induces an osteoporotic

phenotype in female mice. Aging cell, 20(10), e13474.

https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13474

Shen, Y., Huang, X., Wu, J., Lin, X., Zhou, X., Zhu, Z.,

Pan, X., Xu, J., Qiao, J., Zhang, T., Ye, L., Jiang, H.,

Ren, Y., & Shan, P. F. (2022). The Global Burden of

Osteoporosis, Low Bone Mass, and Its Related Fracture

in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2019. Frontiers

in endocrinology, 13, 882241.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.882241

Stephan, P., Veugelers, R., & Wang, J. (2017). Reviewers

are blinkered by bibliometrics. Nature, 544(7651),

411–412. https://doi.org/10.1038/544411a

van Eck, N.J., Waltman, L. (2014). Visualizing

Bibliometric Networks. In: Ding, Y., Rousseau, R.,

Wolfram, D. (eds) Measuring Scholarly Impact.

Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-

10377-8_13

Vestergaard P. (2020). Drugs Causing Bone Loss.

Handbook of experimental pharmacology, 262, 475–

497. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2019_340

Weinstein R. S. (2011). Clinical practice. Glucocorticoid-

induced bone disease. The New England journal of

medicine, 365(1), 62–70.

https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp1012926

Wu, H., Sun, Z., Tong, L., Wang, Y., Yan, H., & Sun, Z.

(2021). Bibliometric analysis of global research trends

on male osteoporosis: a neglected field deserves more

attention. Archives of osteoporosis, 16(1), 154.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-021-01016-2

Uncovering a Decade of Research Trends in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis (2014-2023)