Systematic Review: Implementation of Telepharmacy Services for

Pharmacies

Jimmi Ellyas Dolok Saribu and Liandhajani

Magister Program, Faculty Pharmacy, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta,

Jl. Sunter Permai Raya, Jakarta 14350, Indonesia

Keywords: Telepharmacy, Role of Pharmacist, Evaluation of Telepharmacy.

Abstract: Telepharmacy services are service activities that provide pharmaceutical care to patients at a distance through

the use of telecommunications and information technology. The purpose of this review article is to analyse

the importance of telepharmacy services in the competitive pharmacy business by providing a brief overview

of the meaning of telepharmacy, the implementation of telepharmacy services, the role of pharmacists in

telepharmacy services and the results of the evaluation of telepharmacy services in pharmacies. Data searches

and retrieval methods were conducted electronically using Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science direct, Nature,

NCBI websites. Keywords used in the search included "pharmacy development strategy", "telepharmacy

strategy", "telepharmacy", "telepharmacy in pandemic" and "telepharmacy in Covid-19 pandemic". "A total

of 24 journals were found and only 12 journals and 10 government regulations met the inclusion criteria.

From this literature review, it can be seen that telepharmacy services can help maximise pharmaceutical

services in the competitive era of pharmacy business, and with the results of this evaluation, it is hoped that

they can be used as a reference for Indonesia in creating integrated policies and procedures for implementing

telepharmacy services in the future.

1 INTRODUCTION

Health is an important thing and one of the factors

related to the Human Development Index. Health is

also something that many people strive for in order to

improve the welfare of Indonesian society (Irwan,

2020). There are various types of health problems that

many people experience, which are related to

lifestyle, food pattern, environment, and genetic

diseases (Pinontoan et al., 2019). Pharmacies are

health service facilities that provide patients and the

public with various sources of information related to

health services. Pharmacies also have full authority

and responsibility for the supply of medicines.

Pharmacies can act as managers to organise

implementation plans.

Pharmacy is a type of health service that basically

has two functions, namely a health unit and a business

unit. Pharmacy is also one of the efforts to develop

health services with the mission to provide medicines

and public health needs to achieve optimal health. The

pharmacy function in the business unit aims to make a

profit, so pharmaceutical service activities include not

only the management of medicines as goods and

patient services to improve the quality of life, but also

to balance pharmaceutical and financial aspects for the

benefit of patients (Hartayu et al., 2020).

The development of information and

communication technologies has given rise to an

application in the provision of pharmacy services to

provide services to one or more remote locations via

computer, video and audio links, known as

telepharmacy. Information and communication

technologies play an important role in different types

of access to health services, which can be called

electronic health (Armada, 2023). In addition, health

services based on information and communication

technology in the pharmaceutical sector are referred

to as electronic pharmacy or also known as

telepharmacy, which can help in efforts to improve

people's quality of life and has been widely used in

rural facilities due to the low number of pharmacists

available (Hendra, 2023).

Telepharmacy is a remote service that allows a

pharmacist to check and profile prescription drug

orders. This can also help to improve the quality of

services provided by pharmacies and is linked to

development strategies in both health and business

Saribu, J. and Liandhajani, .

Systematic Review: Implementation of Telepharmacy Services for Pharmacies.

DOI: 10.5220/0012642700003821

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 4th International Seminar and Call for Paper (ISCP UTA ’45 JAKARTA 2023), pages 241-244

ISBN: 978-989-758-691-0; ISSN: 2828-853X

241

SWOT

Interna

Extern

Stren

Weakness O

ortuniti

Threa

Development Strategy

• Product

• Price

• Place

• Promotion

• People/HR

• Process

• Physical Evidence

sectors (Rahayu et al, 2023). Research by Saswita et

al. (2023) and Farid et al. (2022) showed that the use

of telepharmacy can increase the effectiveness of

services and the use of medicines by the community.

Based on the research by Fathoni et al, (2021)

explained that the use of telepharmacy is a strategy to

improve pharmacy services and marketing, especially

in the pandemic era and the current era of

globalisation, making it easier to provide services to

the public by using electronic communication and

electronic payments from order to receipt.

This electronic pharmacy or telepharmacy service

is regulated by several laws, including Law No. 8 of

1999 on Consumer Protection, Law No. 14 of 2008

on Public Information, Law No. 36 of 2009 on

Health, Law No. 11 of 2008 on Information and

Electronic Transactions, Law No. 19 of 2016 on

Amendments to the ITE Law, Law No. 25 of 2009 on

Public Services, PPRI No. 72 of 1998 on the Safety

of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Devices, and

Presidential Decree No. 51 of 2009 on

Pharmaceutical Work, Law No. 25 of 2009 on Public

Services, PP RI No. 72 of 1998 on the Safety of

Pharmaceutical Preparations and Medical Devices,

PPRI No. 51 of 2009 on Pharmaceutical Work,

Presidential Decree No. 72 of 2012 on the National

Health System, and Minister of Health Regulation

No. 9 of 2017 on Pharmacies (Dwiyanto, 2021).

2 RESEARCH METHODS

The data search and retrieval strategy was conducted

electronically using the Google scholar, Pubmed,

Science direct, Nature and NCBI websites. Keywords

used in the search included 'pharmacy development

strategy', 'telepharmacy strategy', 'telepharmacy',

'telepharmacy in pandemic' and 'telepharmacy in

Covid-19 pandemic'. From the search results, 24

journals related to telepharmacy were obtained, but in

this review article only 12 journals and 10

government regulations were used as literature, with

the criteria being research journals, primary articles,

scientific articles with a publication period of 5 years.

final. Exclusion criteria in this study were the type of

journal review article, the journal could not be

accessed in its entirety.

Table 1: Conceptual Framework.

implementation of

telepharmacy services to

increase pharmacy

turnover

Use of

Telepharmacy

Services

Table 2: Operational Definition of Variables.

o Variable Operational Definition Dimensions Indicator Scale

Development

Strategy

Strategy development is a

planned and ongoing effort

to apply behavioral science

to system development

using self-reflection and

analytical methods

Product

- Product quality

- Quality of raw materials

- Product variet

Ordinal

Price

- Price compatibility with

purchasing power

- Price compatibility with

product quality,

- There are attractive discounts

- There is cashback if the product

is dama

Ordinal

ISCP UTA ’45 JAKARTA 2023 - THE INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR AND CALL FOR PAPER (ISCP) UTA ’45 JAKARTA

242

Table 2: Operational Definition of Variables (cont.).

o Variable Operational Definition Dimensions Indicator Scale

Place

- Access, for example a place

that is easy to pass or easy to

reach by public transportation

- Visibility, for example the

location can be seen clearly at

the side of the road

- Safe

arking place

Ordinal

Promotion

- Promotion quantity

- Promotional media varies

- Promotional funds

Ordinal

Person

- Employee attitudes in serving

consumers

- Reliability of

- em

ees

Ordinal

Process

- Production flow

- Adequate equipment

- Indirect/tele

hone service

Ordinal

Physical

evidence

- Space appearance

- Cleanliness of place

- S

ace comfort

Ordinal

Use of

Telepharmacy

The use of technology in

the drug service process to

make it easier for patients

to obtain safe and quality

oods

Provision

Management

Operation

Ease of use of telepharmacy in the

process of providing, managing and

operating medication orders to patients

Ordinal

3 DISCUSSION

The role of pharmacists in telepharmacy In

telepharmacy services, pharmacists play an active

role in communicating information related to

pharmaceutical services. The impact of telepharmacy

services has been demonstrated by the involvement of

pharmacists in the remote review of medication

orders (Schneider, 2013). The implementation of

telepharmacy is carried out by pharmacist health

workers with a range of services, including electronic

prescription services, which include reviewing

medication orders, counselling, education, providing

drug information, as well as therapeutic monitoring

of drugs, apart from being used for communication

with prescribers, as well as being used as a medium

to support the implementation. monitoring of

pharmaceutical supplies, medical devices and

consumable medical bodies (BMHP) (Hedima and

Okoro, 2020).

4 CONCLUSION

There are many advantages to implementing

pharmaceutical services using telepharmacy services,

as evidenced by the evaluation results in several

countries that have implemented comprehensive

telepharmacy services. This can be used as a basis to

further develop policies and procedures related to

telepharmacy services in Indonesia, and to prove that

telepharmacy services can be used to maximise

pharmaceutical work and also as a medium to

increase drug sales to generate more income for

pharmacies.

REFERENCES

Armada, H. P. (2023). Implementasi E-Government Pada

Layanan E-Health Pada Puskesmas Surabaya Timur.

Jurnal Ilmu Dan Riset Akuntansi, 12.

Systematic Review: Implementation of Telepharmacy Services for Pharmacies

243

Farid, A., Firdausy, A., Sulaiman, A., Simangunsong, D.,

Sulistyani, F., Varianti, F., Ong, K., Kristiany, L.,

Mustika, N., Febiani, N., Komalasari, S., Salsabila, S.,

Azzahra, S., Zulfah, Y., & Aryani, T. (2022).

Efektivitas Penggunaan Layanan Telefarmasi di Era

Pandemi COVID-19 dari Perspektif Masyarakat.

Jurnal Farmasi Komunitas, 9(2), 152–157.

https://doi.org/10.20473/jfk.v9i2.32924

Fathoni, M. M., Fitriani, R., Lestari, F. D., Angembani, V.

M. A., Tusholecha, A., Fatmasari, W., Alyajilan, A.,

Azaria, S., Yuliana, Y., Amaliah, N., Maharani, S. I., &

Zairina, E. (2021). Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di

Beberapa Apotek Di Indonesia Pada Era Pandemi

Covid-

19. Jurnal Farmasi Komunitas, 8(2), 45.

https://doi.org/10.20473/jfk.v8i2.24135

Hartayu, Wijoyo, & Manik. (2020). Manajemen dan

Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek: Dengan Metode

Problem-based Learning dalam Kerangka Paradigma

Pedagogi Reflektif. Yogyakarta: Sanata Dharma

University Press.

Hedima, E. W., Okoro, R. N. 2020. Telepharmacy: An

opportunity for community pharmacists during the

COVID-19 pandemic in Sub Saharan Africa. Elsevier,

2211-8837.

Hendra. (2023). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Untuk

Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup Sehat dan Pengetahuan

Masyarakat dalam Menghadapi Pandemi berbasis

Digital. Banjarmasin: MBUnivPress.

Irwan. (2020). Etika dan Perilaku Kesehatan .

Yogyakarta: CV. Absolute Media.

Mukti, A. W. (2022). Manajemen Farmasi Komunitas.

Padang: PT. Global Eksekutif Teknologi.

Pinontoan, Sumampouw, & Nelwan. (2019). Epidemiologi

Kesehatan Lingkungan. Surabaya: Deepublish.

Rahayu, F. R., Ramadhan, I. S., & Hendriani, R. (2023).

Review Artikel : Pelaksanaan Telefarmasi Pada

Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Farmasi Komunitas.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, 6(1),

273–280.

https://doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i1.60

Saswita, N., Aditama, L., & Lorensia, A. (2023). Pengaruh

Telefarmasi Terhadap Kepatuhan dan Target Pasien

DMT2 di Apotek Pulosari Surabaya The Effect of

Telepharmacy on Compliance and Achievement of

Treatment Targets for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Patients at Pulosari Pharmacy Surabaya.

Schneider, P. J. 2013. Evaluating the impact of

telepharmacy. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 170(23): 2130–

2135.

ISCP UTA ’45 JAKARTA 2023 - THE INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR AND CALL FOR PAPER (ISCP) UTA ’45 JAKARTA

244