Design of Parking Brake Lock: RFID based

Motorbikes Security Module

Muhammad Firdaus Jauhari

and Yuan Perdana

Automotive Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin, Brigjen Hasan Basri, Banjarmasin, Indonesia

Keywords: Motorbike, Security, Microcontroller, Brake, RFID.

Abstract: The project is related to the design of a module that serves to increase the security of motorbikes, which will

be used to prevent vehicle theft. The developed module works based on the Parking Brake Lock and RFID

system. Wheel locking is enabled when the motorbike is parked using a smartphone synchronization with a

microcontroller as a control unit, and an RFID reader will identify the ID tag for the function of starting and

turning off the motorcycle engine. The designed security module shows good results as expected.

1 INTRODUCTION

In general, many security systems have been

developed for vehicles, especially cars and

motorbike, which aim to prevent the theft of these

vehicles. Another use of a security system on a

vehicle is that we can add a function to track the

position of the vehicle if a thief manages to break into

the existing security system. In developing countries,

vehicle theft crimes are counted quite a lot every year

(Pranata et al., 2020). The average number of

motorbike theft cases is always more than car theft,

this is because the motorbike security system is

simpler and easier for thieves to penetrate, compared

to the car security system. Besides, the business of

selling stolen motorbike is also quite large, easier,

profitable, and organized.

A new type of security developed for today's

modern vehicles is the smart keyless entry and start

system (Francillon, Aurélien; Danev, Boris; Capkun,

2014). This system is a technology to replace

conventional keys or physical keys which are

generally used to start the vehicle. The drawback

from the user's point of view is that if the remote key

is damaged or lost, the replacement of the remote key

must be by the immobilizer ID registration

programmed by the manufacturer. We can use our

additional safety for our vehicles as an alternative

solution. As in research that developed an anti-theft

vehicle security system for preventive action,

vehicles are equipped with GPS and GSM technology

to protect, monitor and track the vehicle (K. A.

Mamun, 2016). In another study, a security system for

motorbike was designed using three security systems

in the form of an RFID scanner, RF communication

module, and a GPS function. The RFID scanner

functions as an additional key, if other than the

registered card (tag) it cannot turn on the relay. The

RF communication module functions to turn off the

motorbike engine automatically if there is a distance

of n meters between the driver and the motorbike. The

GPS functions to monitor and track the location of

motorbike (Isyanto et al., 2018). Another variation of

the antitheft vehicle security system was presented by

(Naina Kaushik, Mayur Veralkar, Pratik Parab,

2014), the security system works by matching the

fingerprints of registered car drivers. The matching

process uses Matlab and the results will be displayed

on the LCD. If a car is stolen, the car's fuel tank will

be locked so that when the tank is empty, it cannot

refill fuel.

In this paper, the author proposes an additional

vehicle security system that utilizes parking brake

locks and RFID sensors. The parking brake lock is the

first layer of security and the RFID sensor is the

second layer of security that is connected to the

vehicle's electrical system for the prevention of

motorbike theft.

Jauhari, M. and Perdana, Y.

Design of Parking Brake Lock: RFID based Motorbikes Security Module.

DOI: 10.5220/0010953100003260

In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2021), pages 761-765

ISBN: 978-989-758-615-6; ISSN: 2975-8246

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

761

2 METHOD

2.1 System Overview

For the design of this study, we used an experimental

method which was used to determine the effect of the

independent variable on the outcome variable under

controlled conditions. At the initial stage, the

equipment and components needed are determined in

advance, and as the control unit, the Arduino

microcontroller is chosen to run the program created.

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board that is fully

controlled by the ATmega328. The Arduino Uno has

14 digital input or output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16

MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power

jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button (Kadir,

2017). The other main components used in this design

are RFID MFRC522, df player, speaker, Bluetooth

HC-06, smartphone, DC motor, compact step down,

APK boarduino, and relay module.

The steps in designing the motorbikes security

module that we propose follow the control flow as

shown in Figure 1. The way of module works is when

the motorbike is stopped and parked, the driver will

use the parking brake lock and after the ignition

switch is OFF the motorbikes security module will

automatically disconnect the starting system.

Meanwhile, to be able to run a motorbike, the driver

must follow the vehicle security procedures that have

been set according to the design in this study. After

the ignition switch is ON, the first step is to

synchronize the module with the smartphone via a

Bluetooth connection, so that the microcontroller can

disable the parking brake lock. Next, the

microcontroller needs to get a signal from the

registered ID tag scan and activate the motorbike

starting system. Figure 2 shows the system

architecture consisting of hardware and software used

as components of this motorbikes security module.

The software used for programming syntax is

Arduino IDE as an intermediary device between the

microcontroller and the Arduino compiler (Banzi &

Shiloh, 2014).

2.2 Block Diagram Description

The block diagram in Figure 3 below explains how

the proposed motorbikes security module works.

After the ignition switch is in the ON position, the

electric current from the power source for the security

module that uses a 12 v battery from a motorbike will

be passed through a compact step down so that it

drops to 8 v, according to the safe working voltage

range for the Arduino microcontroller. The incoming

Figure 1: Control flow of the proposed system.

Figure 2: Embedded system architecture.

8v voltage will activate the Arduino microcontroller,

and turn on the Bluetooth module to synchronize the

signal with the android smartphone. If the

synchronization is successful, the driver can drive the

actuator by sending commands to the Arduino

microcontroller via a smartphone. The first function

that is activated is the release of the parking brake

lock so that the wheels are not locked, then the RFID

sensor identifies the ID Tag that has been registered

in the database. To turn on the engine, it takes one

time to scan the ID Tag which is recognized by the

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system so that the motorbike can run and to turn off

the engine, do a second ID tag scanning process.

Figure 3: Block diagram of proposed system.

Figure 4: Locking of wheel and starting system.

In the engine OFF condition, and the motorbike will

be parked, the driver can lock the front wheel of the

motorbike by activating the parking brake lock

feature and the module will automatically disconnect

the starting system as shown in Figure 4. In this

condition, even though the ignition key has been

forcibly tampered with, the motorbike still cannot run

because the front wheel has been locked and the

starting system on the motorbike is not active.

3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

After the motorbikes security module design process

is complete, the module is packaged in a

dimensionally appropriate box. The module is placed

at the bottom of the motorbike seat so that it is not

visible and avoids water. The next step is to make

minor modifications to the brake handle to install a

DC motor component that has been given a sleeve so

that it can function as a parking brake lock. You do

this by adding a bolt of the appropriate length at the

end of the DC motor, this bolt will hold the movement

of the brake handle later. Followed by connecting the

starting system circuit with the motorbikes security

module so that it can function as additional security

on the vehicle. How it works, the starting system

circuit line will be cut off automatically when the

ignition is in the off position, in this case, the starter

switch is replaced by a relay module for the starter

relay input to turn on the motorbike (Figure 5). The

process of assembling and testing motorbikes security

modules can be seen in Figure 6 below. At the top is

the process of inputting the ID Tag pin and testing its

identification, then installing the module that has

been packaged in a box on the motorbike trunk. While

the bottom of the picture shows the installation

process on the motorbike starting system circuit, and

finally the motorbike turn on and turn off process

using the ID Tag.

Figure 5: Vehicle security module wiring.

For the safety factor of the module, the voltage that

supplies the Arduino microcontroller power is

maintained in the 7-9 Volt range. This is to avoid

overheating conditions on the Arduino components

and several other components that can cause damage.

The voltage measurement is carried out using a

multimeter in the section before the step down and

after the step down, and the measurement results can

be seen in Table 1 below.

Design of Parking Brake Lock: RFID based Motorbikes Security Module

763

Figure 6: Module assembly and testing processes.

Table 1: Voltage Measurement.

Measurement Variables Voltage

(

Volt

)

Vin (before step

down)

Voltage 12

Vout (after step

down

)

Voltage 8.0

The results of the tests that have been carried out

show that the module can work according to the initial

design. Because the module has functioned as an

additional security system on the motorbike, the

module will start working when the motorbike is

parked to avoid the crime of vehicle theft. If the

motorbike stops, the driver can lock the motorbike

wheel to park by synchronizing the smartphone with

the security module using a Bluetooth connection,

and after turning the ignition switch to the off

position, the wiring starting system is disconnected.

In addition to measuring the voltage, an ID tag

recognition test was also carried out which had been

inputted into the database module. Based on testing,

the module can identify all ID tags well, can

distinguish between ID tags that have been inputted

and not inputted in the database module. For the ID

tag identification position that is given a barrier, the

module can still read properly up to a distance of 10

cm. When the motorbike will be used, the first step,

as usual, is the ignition switch in the ON position, so

that the current from the battery which has been

lowered to 8 v provides power to activate the Arduino

microcontroller. The driver then unlocks the wheel by

activating the actuator on the parking brake lock,

through a command given to the microcontroller. For

the motorbike starting process, the driver needs to

scan the ID tag once on the RFID reader so that the

module will start the motor starter. When the engine

is running, the speaker will sound “Motor ON”

indicating the motorbike starting process is

successful. After that, if the motorbike will be turned

off, the driver needs to scan the second ID tag on the

RFID, and the speaker will sound "Motor OFF".

4 CONCLUSIONS

There are many ways to increase the security of

motorbikes from the possibility of theft, one of which

is using the motorbikes security module that uses a

parking brake lock and RFID device to increase the

level of security. This module is used to prevent the

crime of motorbikes theft through the release of the

parking brake lock via a smartphone and ignition of

the motorbike via registered ID Tags. This research

can complement the types and methods of using

microcontrollers and RFID which are implemented as

motorized vehicle security devices.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to thank P3M of Politeknik Negeri

Banjarmasin for the incentive support for the

publication of this paper, as well as colleagues and

students of the Department of Automotive

Mechanical Engineering who have assisted in the

suggestions and work of this project.

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