Analysis Factors of Community Lifestyle Change

during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Muryanti, Astri Hanjarwati, Sulistyaningsih and Kanita Khoirun Nisa

Departement of Sociology, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: Factor Analysis, Community Lifestyle, Covid-19 Pandemic, Community Knowledge Level, Community

Education Level.

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic that started to enter Indonesia in early 2020 and has been hitting Indonesia for more

than a year. The government issued an emergency response policy for the COVID-19 pandemic. Government

policy aims to minimize the increase in the number of infected victims. Several government policies include

physical distancing, work from home and school from home, as well as implementing health protocols in the

form of washing hands, wearing masks and using hand sanitizer. These policies change people's lifestyles,

from healthy living behaviors to social interactions that occur in the community. This study aims to analyze

the factors of changes in people's lifestyles and social interactions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data

source for this research is a survey conducted by BPS regarding the impact of COVID-19 throughout

Indonesia with a total of 87,379 respondents. Respondents came from representatives of major islands in

Indonesia, namely Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku and Papua. The data

presented by BPS is quite complete and makes it easier for researchers to carry out further statistical data

processing. Data analysis was carried out by factor analysis and correlation analysis using SPSS 24 software.

The results of the analysis showed that the factors influencing changes in people's lifestyles were community

knowledge (46%), education (30%), family support (18%) and punishment. (6%). This public knowledge

includes knowledge about government policies, knowledge about health protocols, and knowledge about the

dangers of the covid-19 virus. Education has a very large correlation with the knowledge possessed by the

community. This is shown by the higher the level of education, the higher the knowledge of the community

and the better the behavior of the community in preventing the spread of the Covid-19 virus.

1 INTRODUCTION

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous

impact on people around the world, both in terms of

social, economic, political, cultural and population

numbers in the world. At the time of writing this

article, the number of people who died was 4,172,525

people (worldmeters.info, 25 July 2021), it is even

possible that in the future the number will increase

along with the discovery of the delta variant which is

50 percent faster in transmission and more deadly.

because it mutates a copy of itself in the body faster

than other variants (kompas.com; Why the Delta

Variant is More Contagious than the other Corona

Virus Variants, 23 July 2021). In the future, the

chance of transmission will still increase considering

that the vaccination process has not yet reached all

communities and has not increased community

compliance with health protocols.

The government is trying to carry out various

programs to combat the virus pandemic as a form of

protection for the health of citizens. These various

programs include campaigning for the community to

always carry out 5M (using masks, washing hands,

maintaining distance, avoiding crowds and reducing

mobility), providing cash assistance to affected and

underprivileged communities and running a

vaccination program in stages.

It is hoped that the various programs and policies

carried out by the government can be carried out by

the community and form group resilience that

encourages residents to fight this virus independently.

as a precaution against the corona virus.

This paper aims to examine the changes in society

caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. What are the

factors that cause these changes at the individual or

community level. How fast is the change in people's

Muryanti, ., Hanjarwati, A., Sulistyaningsih, . and Nisa, K.

Analysis Factors of Community Lifestyle Change during the Covid-19 Pandemic.

DOI: 10.5220/0010804800003348

In Proceedings of the 3rd Annual International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities (AICOSH 2021), pages 81-87

ISBN: 978-989-758-603-3; ISSN: 2685-273X

behavior that is expected to be able to prevent the

spread of COVID-19 more broadly.

Research conducted by Rukiat (2021) on

"Changes in People's Habits during the Covid-19

Pandemic in Pamijahan Bogor". The results showed

that in general the changes in people's habits that

emerged during the Covid-19 pandemic were habits

in maintaining cleanliness, reducing activities outside

the home, wearing masks, keeping a distance, and

maintaining a clean and healthy lifestyle. A clean

lifestyle has also become a habit of the community

during this covid-19 pandemic, so many people often

do mutual cooperation in cleaning the environment

and eating nutritious food to avoid covid-19. There

are many inhibiting factors that are felt by the

community during this covid-19 pandemic, one of

which is that many people are not aware of the

importance of healthy and clean living, lack of

adequate facilities, and limited activities for the

community. For this reason, the community is

encouraged to apply PHBS (clean and healthy living

behavior). PHBS is a form of embodiment of a

healthy life orientation in the culture of individuals,

families, communities that aims to improve, maintain,

protect health both physically, mentally, spiritually,

and socially. Through PHBS, it is hoped that the

community can recognize and overcome own

problems and can apply healthy ways of living by

maintaining,maintain and improve their health,

(Notoadmodjo S, 2007).

Research conducted by Zuly Daima et al (2020)

on "The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on

Learning Behavior, Social Interaction and Health for

FKIP Students, University of Palangka Raya". The

results of the study were the impact of the covid-19

pandemic on students in lecture activities, namely the

adjustment of online lectures, because some were

constrained by internet signals. Social

communication in cyberspace is increasing, as a

result of not being able to meet face to face in person.

Students become more concerned about health

behavior, which is widely applied, namely washing

hands. The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact

on learning, social and health behavior. However,

from the obstacles experienced, students become

more adaptive, namely recognizing technology that

can support learning achievement, increasing social

interaction through online communication and

increasing the application of a healthy lifestyle.

Research conducted by Noer Soetjipto (2020) on

the Resilience of East Java SMEs through the Covid-

19 Pandemic. Research shows that people's behavior

regarding the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic and

its impact on the national economy, especially the

micro, small and medium-sized business actors, are

almost paralyzed and on the verge of bankruptcy.

Efforts made by the government are to allocate

hundreds of trillions of funds to support the industry.

A number of incentives and subsidies have been

prepared to support MSMEs and private corporations

to be able to survive the COVID-19 pandemic. One

of the budgets was launched to guarantee new

working capital loans to encourage the growth of the

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) sector.

The budget prepared to carry out the guarantee is Rp.

125 trillion.

According to Yogi (2021) Changes in Shopping

Behavior After the Covid-19 Pandemic, namely

during a pandemic like today, people do online

shopping instead of having to go to the mall. Related

personas who appear to be extensively involved with

eCommerce services are those with an interest in the

auto, home and living accessories, and fitness

categories. These three goods affect consumption and

the brand economy. From this, we can see that in the

future people's potential is more home oriented,

personal oriented and socializing more to the online

pattern”.

Based on the information that the author got from

kompas (2020) Community Behavior Patterns

Change During a Pandemic, What Should Brands

Do?. Before the Covid-19 pandemic, people were still

free to carry out their normal activities outside their

homes. This is different if you look at current

conditions because almost all activities are carried out

from home. The reason is clear, namely to break the

chain of the spread of the corona virus. In this shift in

behavior patterns, technology has a vital role. Call it

video conferencing technology. Imagine if in a crisis

situation like now there is no this technology, learning

activities or working from home can be hampered. In

addition, technology has an important role in

providing entertainment to the public when they have

to be at home for long periods of time.

Citing Dailysocial.id, Thursday (14/5/2020), a

series of surveys conducted by DailySocial and

Populix found that entertainment applications were

one of the applications most frequently accessed by

smartphone users during the pandemic. In the survey,

as many as 66 percent of respondents said that

entertainment applications are a must have for them.

Streaming or over-the-top (OTT) media service

providers also noted a better increase in content

consumption from users in recent months. Changes in

people's behavior like what is happening now are

predicted to continue until the pandemic is over.

Seeing these conditions, brands must be keen to see

opportunities. Marketing workers must understand

AICOSH 2021 - The Annual International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities (AICOSH) “Life After Pandemic: Perspectives,

Changes, and Challenges”

how their brand will interact with consumers in the

future or post-pandemic.

Sociologically the COVID-19 pandemic has

resulted in unplanned social changes, a social change

that occurs sporadically and is not wanted by the

community (Soekanto and Sulistyowati). Even in

certain circumstances can trigger life problems and

chaos. The impact of community uncertainty in

dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic has caused

social disorganization in all aspects of people's lives.

However, society is basically dynamic and

undergoing change. Society cannot be imagined as a

fixed or static state, but a process that is constantly

changing with different degrees of speed, intensity,

rhythm and tempo (Sztompka, 2017).

Currently, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

has forced society to adapt to various forms of social

change that it causes. Various kinds of problems that

exist have presented the impetus for social

transformation in society. In fact, it is not impossible

that the life and order of humanity will experience a

shift in a direction and form that is much different

from the situation before the pandemic struck. The

face of the world after the Covid-19 pandemic may

never return to the situation as it was before. Thus, all

forms of community activities and activities carried

out in the pre-pandemic period must now be forced to

be adjusted to the health protocol standards set by the

government.

2 METHODS

Research on changes in community behavior patterns

during the COVID-19 pandemic uses quantitative

research methods with secondary data analysis

techniques. Secondary data analysis in quantitative

research is a quantitative research technique that is

used to find out the description of a data sourced from

the research results of a data provider institution such

as BPS, Ministry and Service that can be used for

further research needs (Nanang Martono, 2010).

Secondary analysis is an empirical exercise that

applies the same basic research principles as research

using primary data and has steps that must be

followed like other research methods (Willey et al.,

2017).

The data in this study consisted of secondary data.

Secondary data comes from the Central Statistics

Agency (BPS) which has conducted a survey on

community behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic

and a socio-demographic survey on the impact of

COVID-19 on the community. The Social

Demographic Survey of the Impact of COVID-19 and

the survey of community behavior during the

COVID-19 pandemic used the Non-Probability

Sampling design which is a combination of

Convenience, Voluntary and Snowball Sampling to

get as many participation responses as possible within

1 week of survey implementation(Tim BPS Covid-19

Statistical Task Force, 2020a, 2020b).

The data source for this research is a survey

conducted by BPS regarding the impact of covid-19

throughout Indonesia with a total of 87,379

respondents (Tim BPS Covid-19 Statistical Task

Force, 2020b). Respondents came from

representatives of major islands in Indonesia, namely

Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa

Tenggara, Maluku and Papua. Based on gender, male

respondents were 44.77% and female respondents

were 55.23% (Tim BPS Covid-19 Statistical Task

Force, 2020a). Characteristics of respondents based

on occupation include ASN (State Civil Apparatus)

amounting to 27.93%, and those who are not ASN

72.07% (Tim BPS Covid-19 Statistical Task Force,

2020a). Based on the age of the majority of

respondents under 45 years old, with the following

division 17-30 years (27.24%), 31-45 years (41.71%),

46-60 years (27.27%), >60 years ( 3.62%)(Tim BPS

Covid-19 Statistical Task Force, 2020a). Meanwhile,

based on the education of the respondents, they are as

follows: SD/ SMP (2.5%), SMA/SMK (25.6%),

DI/DII/DIII (10.54%), DIV/S1(46.23%), S2/S3

(15.13%) (Tim BPS Covid-19 Statistical Task Force,

2020a).

The stages of quantitative research are carried out

in detail to facilitate researchers in conducting data

analysis (Burhan Bungin, 2011). The stages of the

research carried out were (1) Search/search for data

from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) page, (2)

Coding data related to data types and categories, (3)

data analysis and interpretation of data coding results.

The data retrieval process is carried out by searching

the BPS web data (www.bps.go.id). The search is

carried out very easily, simply by clicking the

"search" button and writing "covid-19 survey", and

about 10 results of the BPS survey that have been

carried out appear. One of the surveys with the theme

of changing people's lifestyles during the pandemic is

the basis of this research.

After finding the data, the researcher then studied

and coded based on the type of category that had been

determined. This coding is used to make it easier to

analyze the data and to answer research questions.

Some of the data used from the results of the BPS

survey are (1) Public knowledge regarding

government policies related to COVID-19; (2)

Community compliance with health protocols, (3)

Analysis Factors of Community Lifestyle Change during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Perception of the effectiveness of implementing

health protocols, (4) Response to people infected with

COVID-19 in the surrounding environment, (5)

Adaptation of new habits, (6) Application of health

protocols, (7) Perception the possibility of being

infected or infected with covid-19, (8) The most

popular media for covid-19 information, (9) Changes

in spending. These data are used as basic data which

is further processed by correlation analysis and factor

analysis.

The last research stage after coding the data is data

analysis. The analysis carried out by the researcher

went through several stages, namely (1) descriptive

analysis; (2) Correlation analysis to see the

relationship of variables, (3) data interpretation.

Descriptive analysis of the researchers only looked at

the description of the data presented by BPS and then

interpreted the data. Correlation analysis is done to

see the relationship or correlation between two or

more variables to see the relationship of the data. The

final analysis is a factor analysis used to see the most

influential factors in changing people's behavior

during the COVID-19 pandemic (Suseno, 2012). The

last stage of data analysis is data interpretation.

Interpretation is done by conducting a study based on

the theory that has been done (either using theory or

critiquing theory based on data findings).

3 RESULT

The data presented include descriptive data regarding

(1) public knowledge about covid-19 (government

policies, the dangers of covid-19, and health

protocols); (2) Public compliance with health

protocols, (3) Perception of the effectiveness of

implementing health protocols, (4) Reasons for not

complying with health protocols. It is important to

know public knowledge related to COVID-19 so that

policy makers are able to make the right strategy for

the community in minimizing victims of being

infected with the Covid-19 virus. Indicators to

measure the level of public knowledge are public

knowledge about government policies, knowledge

about the dangers of the covid-19 virus, and

knowledge about health protocols. Based on a survey

of the highest knowledge of the community regarding

health protocols (98%), then the dangers of the virus

(87%) and finally about government policies (82%).

Looking at the percentage of respondents' answers,

the public's knowledge is quite good in understanding

this covid-19 pandemic.

Community compliance is measured to determine

the level of community compliance in complying

with health protocols during a pandemic, especially

when doing activities outside the home. The

indicators used to measure the level of compliance are

wearing masks, using hand sanitizers, avoiding

handshakes, avoiding crowds, washing hands with

soap and maintaining a minimum distance of 1 m.

The survey results from the level of community

compliance can be seen in table 1. Based on the

survey results presented in table 1, the average level

of compliance of the Indonesian people is in the good

category on the indicators of wearing masks and

avoiding handshakes. While in the good enough

category because there are still many who violate,

namely the indicators of using hand sanitizer,

avoiding handshakes, avoiding crowds, washing

hands and maintaining a minimum distance of 1 m.

Table 1: Level of Community Compliance with Health

Protocols.

No Indicators Surve

Results

Alwa

s Rarel

Never

1 Wearing a mas

91,98% 2,02% 0

2 Using hand

sanitize

77,71% 16,97% 5,32%

3Avoid

handsha

81,85% 14,06% 4,10%

4 Avoid the crow

76,69% 18,76% 4,56%

5 Washing hands

with soap

75,38% 19,25% 5,37%

6 Maintain a

minimum

distance of 1

73,54% 20,98% 5,48%

Source: Researcher data processing, 2021 and BPS, 2020.

Respondents' perception that health protocols are

very effective for prevention from being infected with

COVID-19 according to gender. The indicators used

to measure perception are wearing masks, using hand

sanitizers, avoiding handshakes, avoiding crowds,

washing hands with soap and maintaining a minimum

distance of 1 m. The survey results show that the

perception of the female gender is better than that of

the male gender. The overall results show that all

people, both male and female, have a good

understanding that maintaining health protocols can

prevent being infected with COVID-19. The survey

results can be seen in table 2.

AICOSH 2021 - The Annual International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities (AICOSH) “Life After Pandemic: Perspectives,

Changes, and Challenges”

Table 2: Respondents' Perceptions that Health Protocols are

Very Effective for Prevention of Covid-19 Infection by

Gender.

No Indicators Gender

Female Male

1 Wearing a mas

94,5% 88,6%

2 Using han

sanitize

89,4% 82,3%

3 Avoid

handshakes

94,2% 85%

4 Avoid the crow

94,6% 87,6%

5 Washing hands

with soap

93,3% 85,9%

6 Maintain a

minimum

distance of 1

92,6% 83,7%

Source: Researcher data processing, 2021 and BPS, 2020.

Based on the survey, there are several reasons

why people do not apply health protocols, namely (1)

the price of masks, face shields, hand sanitizers or

other PPE tends to be expensive, (2) work becomes

difficult if you have to apply health protocols, (3)

officials or leaders do not set an example. and (4)

following others. The percentage of survey results

can be seen in Figure 1. Based on Figure 1, the

reasons expressed by the most respondents were

because there were no sanctions, no Covid-19

sufferers in the surrounding environment, and reasons

for work.

Correlation analysis was conducted to determine

(1) the relationship between the education variable

and the compliance variable with the health protocol,

(2) the relationship between the respondent's age and

the level of compliance with the health protocol.

Compliance with health protocols can mean that

people have made changes to their lifestyle since the

COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the results of data

processing with SPSS, the correlation coefficient

between education level and adherence to health

protocols is 0.68. According to Soegiyono, the

correlation coefficient value from 0.6 to 0.799

indicates a strong relationship (Bambang Prasetyo,

2013). With this coefficient score, it means that the

level of education has a strong effect on adherence to

health protocol compliance. The result for the

correlation coefficient of the respondent's age

variable and health protocol compliance is 0.52.

According to Soegiyono, the correlation coefficient

value of 0.4 to 0.599 indicates a moderate

relationship.

The results show that age has a not too big

influence on health protocol compliance. The results

of this analysis mean that education at lower levels of

education is carried out using a different and more

massive method. The results of the analysis show that

the factors that influence changes in people's

lifestyles are public knowledge (46%), education

(30%), compliance with health protocols (18%) and

punishment (6%). This public knowledge includes

knowledge about government policies, knowledge

about health protocols, and knowledge about the

dangers of the covid-19 virus.

4 DISCUSSION

These changes in people's behavior occurred in a fast

time due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Sociologically,

the pandemic, Covid-19 has resulted in unplanned

social changes, a social change that occurs

sporadically and is not wanted by the community

(Soekanto and Sulistyowati). Even in certain

circumstances can trigger life problems and chaos.

The impact of community uncertainty in dealing with

the COVID-19 pandemic has caused social

disorganization in all aspects of people's lives.

However, society is basically dynamic and

undergoing change. Society cannot be imagined as a

fixed or static state, but a process that is constantly

changing with different degrees of speed, intensity,

rhythm and tempo (Sztompka, 2017).

The changes experienced by society occur at

various levels of life with variations. In the health

sector, changes in people's habits that emerged during

the COVID-19 pandemic include habits in

maintaining cleanliness, reducing activities outside

the home, wearing masks, keeping a distance, and

maintaining a clean and healthy lifestyle. A clean

lifestyle has also become a habit of the community

during this covid-19 pandemic, so many people often

do mutual cooperation in cleaning the environment

and eating nutritious foods to avoid covid-19. (Rukiat

(2021) on "Changes in People's Habits during the

Covid-19 Pandemic in Pamijahan Bogor"). Related to

public awareness in maintaining health, there are also

inhibiting factors that cause these habits to slowly

become an inherent culture. There are many

inhibiting factors that are felt by the community

during this covid-19 pandemic, one of which is that

many people are not aware of the importance of

healthy and clean living, lack of adequate facilities,

and limited activities for the community. (Rukiat

(2021) on "Changes in People's Habits during the

Covid-19 Pandemic in Pamijahan Bogor").

Meanwhile, based on data compiled by BPS, the

obstacles are also influenced by the lack of strict

government sanctions, people do not experience it

Analysis Factors of Community Lifestyle Change during the Covid-19 Pandemic

directly and reasons for work. Related to this, the

community is encouraged to implement PHBS (clean

and healthy living behavior). PHBS is a form of

embodiment of a healthy life orientation in the culture

of individuals, families, communities that aims to

improve, maintain, protect health both physically,

mentally, spiritually, and socially. Through PHBS, it

is hoped that the community can recognize and

overcome their own problems and can apply healthy

ways of living by maintaining, maintain and improve

their health, (Notoadmodjo S, 2007).

Changes in lifestyle also occur in the realm of

education. The COVID-19 pandemic for students has

an impact on carrying out lecture activities, namely

the adjustment of online lectures, because some are

constrained by internet signals. Social

communication in cyberspace is increasing, as a

result of not being able to meet face to face in person.

Students become more concerned about health

behavior, which is widely applied, namely washing

hands. The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact

on learning, social and health behavior. However,

from the constraints experienced, students become

more adaptive, namely recognizing technology that

can support learning achievement, increasing social

interaction through online communication and

increasing the application of a healthy lifestyle.

Research conducted by Zuly Daima et al (2020) on

"The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Learning

Behavior, Social Interaction and Health for FKIP

Students, University of Palangka Raya".

Even in the realm of communication behavior,

society is also changing. Before the Covid-19

pandemic, people were still free to carry out their

normal activities outside their homes. This is different

if you look at current conditions because almost all

activities are carried out from home. The reason is

clear, namely to break the chain of the spread of the

corona virus. In this shift in behavior patterns,

technology has a vital role. Call it video conferencing

technology. The role of technology is increasing in

this pandemic situation, considering that various

kinds of learning activities or working from home are

facilitated by the development of this technology. In

addition, technology has an important role in

providing entertainment to the public when they have

to be at home for long periods of time. People's

Behavioral Patterns Change During a Pandemic,

What Should Brands Do? (Kompas, 2020).

Entertainment applications are one of the most

frequently accessed applications by smartphone users

during the pandemic. In the survey, as many as 66

percent of respondents said that entertainment

applications are a must have for them. Streaming or

over-the-top (OTT) media service providers also

noted a better increase in content consumption from

users in recent months. Changes in people's behavior

like what is happening now are predicted to continue

until the pandemic is over. Seeing these conditions,

brands must be keen to see opportunities. Marketing

workers must understand how their brand will interact

with consumers in the future or post-pandemic.

Dailysocial.id, Thursday (14/5/2020),

Even in economic activities, related to buying and

selling materials for daily needs, people experience

changes. According to Yogi (2021) Changes in

Shopping Behavior After the Covid-19 Pandemic,

namely in a pandemic like today, people do online

shopping instead of having to go to the mall. Related

personas who appear to be extensively involved with

eCommerce services are those who are interested in

the auto, home and living accessories, and fitness

categories. These three goods affect consumption and

the brand economy. From this, we can see that in the

future people's potential is more home oriented,

personal oriented and socializing more to the online

pattern” (Yogi, 2021).

The various changes that occur in society are

forced as a result of changes that occur in the

surrounding environment, especially as a result of the

Covid-19 pandemic. Society must adapt to various

forms of social changes that result. Various kinds of

problems that exist have presented the impetus for

social transformation in society. In fact, it is not

impossible that the life and order of humanity will

experience a shift in a direction and form that is much

different from the situation before the pandemic

struck. The face of the world after the Covid-19

pandemic may never return to the situation as it was

before. Thus, all forms of community activities and

activities carried out in the pre-pandemic period must

now be forced to be adjusted to the health protocol

standards set by the government.

The question then is, why can society adapt? One

theory that can explain it is the theory of behaviorism.

This theory explains that the behavioristic learning

process prioritizes behavior change as a result of the

learning process. Changes in behavior are caused by

the interaction between stimulus and response. This

learning theory is oriented towards better behavior.

(Arthur W. Staats, 1996, Behavior and Personality,

Springer Publishing Company) A change in behavior

in society is a response due to a stimulus caused by

changes in nature, especially the Covid-19 pandemic.

The response made by the community is one form of

adaptation, which can be said to be a change that

occurs in society.

AICOSH 2021 - The Annual International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities (AICOSH) “Life After Pandemic: Perspectives,

Changes, and Challenges”

5 CONCLUSIONS

The factors influencing changes in people's lifestyles

were community knowledge (46%), education (30%),

family support (18%) and punishment. (6%). This

public knowledge includes knowledge about

government policies, knowledge about health

protocols, and knowledge about the dangers of the

covid-19 virus. Education has a very large correlation

with the knowledge possessed by the community.

This is shown by the higher the level of education, the

higher the knowledge of the community and the better

the behavior of the community in preventing the

spread of the Covid-19 virus.

Based on the survey, there are several reasons

why people do not apply health protocols, namely (1)

the price of masks, face shields, hand sanitizers or

other PPE tends to be expensive, (2) work becomes

difficult if you have to apply health protocols, (3)

officials or leaders do not set an example. and (4)

following others.

The results of the analysis show that the factors

that influence changes in people's lifestyles are public

knowledge (46%), education (30%), compliance with

health protocols (18%) and punishment (6%). This

public knowledge includes knowledge about

government policies, knowledge about health

protocols, and knowledge about the dangers of the

covid-19 virus.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This paper takes secondary data from the Central

Statistics Agency (BPS) research conducted in 2020

regarding a survey of Indonesian people's behavior

during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study

processes data from the Central Statistics Agency

(BPS) survey using SPSS software version 24. The

author would like to thank the Central Statistics

Agency (BPS) for allowing the author to use the

survey data.

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