Bio-cord as an Ecotechnological Wastewater Treatment for

Productive and Attractive Urban Open Spaces

Ferlina Sugata

, Nathalia Yunita Sugiharto

, Nina Nurviana

, Seriwati Ginting

Isabella Isthipraya Andreas

, Shirly Nathania Suhanjoyo

, Andi A. Hamzah

and Heddy Heryadi

Architecture Department, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Bandung, Indonesia

Visual Communication Design Department, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Bandung, Indonesia

Interior Design Department, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Bandung, Indonesia

Three-Year Diploma Program in Arts and Design, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Bandung, Indonesia

Visual Communication Design Department, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Bandung, Indonesia

seriwati.ginting@maranatha.edu, isabella.ia@art.maranatha.edu, shirly.ns@art.maranatha.edu,

andi.ah@art.maranatha.edu, heddy.heryadi@art.maranatha.edu

Keywords: Bio-cord, Urban Open Space, Wastewater Technology, Sustainable Architecture.

Abstract: Bandung, has a great variety urban spaces within the city as urban fabric. Rapid urban population leads to a

rapid destruction. Therefore, there is an urgent need to optimize the utilization of existing open spaces become

more productive and attractive. This study attempts to examine and identify the potential and capability of

open space along Babakan Irigasi stream zones to optimize the spatial around neighbourhood. The hypothesis

is that by using Bio-Cord as wastewater treatment will develop sustainable characteristics and reshaping urban

spaces, it will help to be productive and liveable spaces. The paper presents the field data contains all open

spaces along Babakan Irigasi, and the variable aspects that optimize open spaces that consists of quality,

functional, and ecological-environmental aspects. Then, analyse the design strategies as the impact of the

wastewater treatment along the stream with Bio-Cord technology to achieve sustainable urban development,

and find values of productive and attractive urban open spaces. The Bio-Cord as an ecotechnological treatment

play a key role in the environmental design and sustainable development of the urban structure. This study

showed that productive and attractive open spaces are great importance for urban spatial structure that can

support sustainability.

1 INTRODUCTION

Bandung, the capital city of West Java province has a

great variety urban space. One of the typical urban

open spaces is Babakan Irigasi area. Babakan Irigasi

is located in two districts Astana Anyar and

Bojongloa Kaler. It is uniques because open spaces

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-2787

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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9158-4520

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9377-0722

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8577-2576

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-1843

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4157-935X

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6429-7489

along Babakan Irigasi area flowed by two rivers,

Citepus River and Ciroyom River. The specific area

of Babakan Irigasi that was studied is the segment

between Pagarasih road and Terusan Pasir Koja road.

Those rivers across along the research object area

approximately 400 meters in length. Like other

riverside settlements area, all building orientation is

following the stream’s shape characteristics.

Sugata, F., Sugiharto, N., Nurviana, N., Ginting, S., Andreas, I., Suhanjoyo, S., Hamzah, A. and Heryadi, H.

Bio-cord as an Ecotechnological Wastewater Treatment for Productive and Attractive Urban Open Spaces.

DOI: 10.5220/0010748500003113

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Emerging Issues in Technology, Engineering and Science (ICE-TES 2021), pages 233-244

ISBN: 978-989-758-601-9

233

Figure 1: Urban Fabric Pattern Along Babakan Irigasi

Segment Pagarsih-Terusan Pasir Koja.

The utilization, protection, creation, and

development of urban open spaces is one of the key

elements to achieve sustainable urban development.

But the rapid urban population and the socio-cultural

of the communities sometimes lead to a rapid

destruction, also has caused a decreased number of

the quality of open spaces. Therefore, there is an

urgent need to optimize the utilization of existing

open spaces become more productive and attractive.

Figure 2: Open Space an Circulation Along Babakan Irigasi

Stream.

Could the urban open spaces at Babakan Irigasi be

optimize to become a productive and attractive open

space within the city of Bandung to help it become

sustainable? This study attempts to examine and

identify the potential and capability of open space

along Babakan Irigasi stream zone to make use the

spatial around their neighbourhood. What are the

functions of space created and activities that can be

created as urban open spaces with the characteristic

of riverside area.

This study also beneficial to safeguard the future

of sustainable architecture in the city, to improve the

quality of urban areas especially the neighbourhoods

along Babakan Irigasi, to make urban areas more

attractive, productive and to enhance the well-being

of local people. The hypothesis is that by using Bio-

Cord technology as wastewater treatement will

optimize the sustainable characteristics on existing or

reshaping urban open spaces, it will help it to be

productive and liveable.

2 METHODS (AND MATERIALS)

The structure of the paper presents the data about the

concept and typology of sustainable urban open

spaces, field data of the research object, that is open

spaces along Babakan Irigasi stream, and the variable

aspect that optimize urban open spaces that consists

of quality aspects, functional aspects, and ecological-

environmental aspects. The second part, to analyze

the design strategies of the utilization, protection,

creation, and development of the areas as the impact

of the waterwaste treatment along the stream with

Bio-Cord technology. Whether this technology is an

innovative solution for effective design urban spaces

to achieve sustainable urban development. And the

last part of this paper is to find productive value and

attractive value of urban open spaces which link

social, cultural, environmental and economic

dimensions of sustainability.

2.1 Urban Open Space

Urban open space is one of important element that

included in eight elements of urban designs (Shirvani,

1985, p. 5-49). Open space has so many benefits for

human and environment because it can be used as an

alternative for social interaction place and as rain

absorption land besides its beauty.

There are two types of open space which are space

that has fixed function such as swimming pool,

basketball court, etc. and space that has adaptive

function like a court with public seating area and

ICE-TES 2021 - International Conference on Emerging Issues in Technology, Engineering, and Science

234

vegetation so people can do sports, playing with

children or picnic. Furthermore, open space has its

qualification based on Urban Open Space (Francis,

2003, p. 6-7)

Table 1: Typology of Urban Open Spaces.

e Subt

Public Parks: the

subtypes are based on its

size and location

Central parks

Downtown parks

Neighbourhood parks

Mini

arks

uares and Plazas Central s

uare

Markets Farmers markets

Atrium

Downtown shopping

centre

Streets Pedestrian sidewalks

Bicycle path

Traffic restricted street

Playground Pla

roun

School

roun

Waterfront Riverfront

Lakefront

Piers

An open space can be created by placing building

mass or objects that surround it. It also called as

positive space because it has contribution for human

and environment.

Figure 3: Open Space and Buildings Type 1.

Figure 4: Open Space and Buildings Type 2.

As an architect, we have to aware of negative

spaces that occur when there are spaces that don’t

have specific function and scattered among building

mass or objects.

2.2 Sustainable Urban Development

Sustainable urban development is meant to enrich the

lives of the society, that’s why planners have to know

how to engage with the complexity of community

life. Sustainable development is something that

comes from within communities. Development is a

process, it needs to be defined in terms of social

change and what is changing that brings about a

significant and patterned shift in the technologies,

techniques, infrastructure, and/or associated life-

forms of a place or people. Significant changes

include the changing forms of urbanization such as

urban sprawl and the decentralization of non-

residential functions, for example retail parks,

massively increased levels of commuting between

urban and rural areas, the development of

communication and transport technologies.

Sustainability is usually defined in terms of being

able to carry on, endure, or have a future. (James,

2015, p. 21).

Sustainable urban development is a multi-layered

concept. It synthesizes land development and nature

preservation. It also refers to the capacity of nature to

support its activities, the vitality of a city as a complex

system, and the quality of life of its inhabitants.

Sustainable urban development covers many fields of

activity such as environmental protection, human

development, and inhabitant wellbeing. (Tang and

Lee, 2016, p. 10)

Figure 5: Three Aspects Sustainable Urban Development.

Bio-cord as an Ecotechnological Wastewater Treatment for Productive and Attractive Urban Open Spaces

235

Furthermore, related with human settlements context,

there are some aspects in developing a sustainable

community such as:

• Sustainable land use

• Social development

• Population

• Environmentally sustainable, healthy and liveable

• Sustainable energy use

• Sustainable transport and communication systems

• Conservation and rehabilitation of the historical

and cultural heritage

• Improving urban economies

• Balance development in rural regions

• Disaster prevention, mitigation and preparedness,

and post-disaster rehabilitation capabilities

(Lundqvist, 2007, p. 11-12)

Succinctly, public space design aims sustainibilty

in 5 aspects, there are :

1. CommunityWelfare

Community welfare as basic motivation in creating

and developing public space. Community provides

movement path or circulation, communication centre

and a place to feel free and relax.

2. Visual Enhancement

A public space in a city will increase its visual quality

by being more human, harmony and good looking.

3. Environmental Enhancement

Greenery in open public space can give a boost in

aesthetic value and provides better air quality in the

middle of air pollution.

4. Economic Development

Economic development as a general purpose in

creating and developing an open public space.

5. Image Enhancement

Image enhancement is an abstract goal that isn’t

clearly stated in creating an open public space but it

has to be achieved.

(Carr, S,Et All., 1992, p.420)

2.3 Urban Farming as Productive

Urban Open Space

Massive development in urban areas has led to the

displacement of green open spaces. The loss of green

open space affects the stability of environmental

ecosystems. It also increases pollution, which is bad

for the health of urban communities. The concept of

urban farming then offers a solution by creating green

open land in the midst of dense urban buildings.

Urban farming can manage polluted urban areas into

a comfortable and healthy environment to live in

(cybex.pertanian.go.id).

What can become urban farming land is: a.

Private land, such as home yards, terraces, walls,

fences, gutters, and rooftop. b. Common land, such as

abandoned land, walls of alleys, riverbanks or over

rivers. Limited land, which is often seen as an

obstacle, can be overcome by applying various

cultivation technologies. From the simplest things

such as pots and polybags, also using waste materials

such as noodle containers, paint containers, and used

buckets. The vertical planting is called the

verticulture system. Containers used waste mineral

bottles, or from pipes (www.dekoruma.com.) In the

market, there is also a media that resembles a pocket

that can be hung on the wall.

(www.tokopedia.com/find/wall-planter-bag).

Difficult techniques are called hydroponic

techniques and aquaponics techniques (Pudjiastuti,

2017, p. iii). Cultivation consists of vegetables, herbs,

fruit, and ornamental plants. The type of plant is

adapted to the container. Small pots, verticulture, and

hydroponics are usually applied to light, short-rooted,

and short-lived plants (Pudjiastuti, p 3). Combined

cultivation is called the aquaponic technique, for

example, cultivating vegetables with fish or fruit with

fish (Pudjiastuti, p. 99). Law Number 26 of 2007

concerning Spatial Planning Article 29 states that the

proportion of Green Open Space in urban areas is at

least 30% of the total area (Nurmala, 2019, p. 1) The

city of Bandung has a composition and proportion of

green open space area of only 12.20% (Nurmala, p.

3). The city of Bandung supplies 98% of its foodstuffs

from other cities. The limited land and food

availability are anticipated by the Bandung City

Government with the SAE (Healthy, Natural and

Economical Yard and Kangpisman (Reduce, Separate

and Utilize) Waste Program

(buruansae.bandung.go.id). It takes creative thinking

from the community and universities to enrich urban

programs. farming in the fields of economics,

environmental aesthetics, creative activities, and

citizen recreation.

2.4 Bio-cord Technology

As cities continue to grow, they also generate lots

amount of solid and liquid waste. In some developing

countries, the waste is being disposed to the river that

cause river water pollution. Since 2017, Indonesia

adopted a technology called bio-cord in its

wastewater treatment. This technology help to

increase water quality up to 50% depending on the

pollution (Sugara, 2017:17).

The basic principle of Bio-Cord technology is

using synthetic fibre (Bio-Cord) that become a host

ICE-TES 2021 - International Conference on Emerging Issues in Technology, Engineering, and Science

236

for microbial. This microbial can break down the

polluted substance inside the water and change it into

a better water.

Figure 6: Bio-Cord Installation at Cikapayang River.

About the installation, there are several

requirements, such as:

1. Water body length: 100 metre

2. Water body width: 2 metre

3. Number of Bio-Cord lines: 20

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Before the installation of Bio-Cord technology on

Babakan Irigasi stream is negative urban spaces,

which non-productive and not atrractive area. Urban

settlement around the riverside settlement looks slum

with black water as waste water. The condition of

surrounding is also passive, no public activities that

creates livable spaces and places.

Figure 7: The Condition of Babakan Irigasi before Bio-

Cord Installation.

Poorly maintained environmental conditions

along Babakan Irigasi caused unpleasant odors and

bad views. Wastewater treatment with Bio-cord

technology aims to process water purification, so that

the river water becomes clear and odorless. This This

condition will make benefit for all, both local

government and local residents where the riverside

conservation where this kind of efforts will have the

potential power to become a productive and attractive

open spaces that increase the economy of the local

community.

Figure 8: Bio-Cord Installation at Babakan Irigasi.

In 2020 The Bandung city government get

PEMERINTAH Kota (Pemkot) Bandung obtain

financial assistance from PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia

Persero Tbk for riverside conservation program at

RW 04 Babakan Irigasi. Since that time of Bio-Cord

technology was installed at Babakan irigasi area. This

program brings the potential and capability of urban

open space to become productive and attractive area.

Below is some functions of spaces and some

activities that can be created as urban open spaces

with the characteristic of riverside area.

3.1 Productive Public Open Spaces

Since the supply of clean water from the river due to

installation of Bio-Cord technology, local community

creates various productive spaces to their activities. It

is said to be productive because these activity spaces

facilitate activities that can have positive impacts in

terms of quality aspects, functional aspect, and

ecological-environmental aspects. Moreover, it is

also improving socio-economic welfare for local

community.

The quality aspects of urban open spaces deal

mostly with:

- The suitability and quality of site structure

- Design of urban green spaces with regard to their

importance and functions

- Site condition quality

- Quality aspects associated with natural and

landscape features, historic and cultural values and

qualities that should be preserved or emphasised.

The functional aspects of urban open spaces are

linked with:

- Accessibility and use of open spaces

- Connectivity of public spaces

Bio-cord as an Ecotechnological Wastewater Treatment for Productive and Attractive Urban Open Spaces

237

Ecological and environmental aspects deal with:

- Biodiversity and ecological value

- Natural corridors

- Urban climate; and

- Other environmental aspects that are important for

human well-being and health.

As for the spaces created are vegetables garden,

hydroponic garden, vertical flower garden, fish pond,

compost plant, clean water reservoir (ground tank and

upper tank), cafeteria, retail, vertical garden along the

circulation area both edible and aesthetic plants, etc.

Figure 9: Community Vegetables Garden.

Figure 10: Community Hydroponic Garden.

Figure 11: Community Fish Pond.

Figure 12: Café Walungan.

Figure 13: Food Counter at The Bridge.

Figure 14: Community Compost Plant.

Figure 15: Clean Water Ground Tank Reservoir.

ICE-TES 2021 - International Conference on Emerging Issues in Technology, Engineering, and Science

238

Figure 16: Clean Water Upper Tank Reservoir.

3.2 Attractive Public Open Spaces

Besides the productive spaces that was created.

Installation of Bio-Cord technology also creates

various attractive spaces. As for the attractive spaces

referred to in the context of architectural design,

includes facade design, composition of open space

and building mass, outdoor materials, street furniture,

and new attractive functions of space.

As for the spaces created at Babakan Irigasi area

are natural swimming pool, relaxing garden, children

playground, colourful bulding façade, semi-

amphitheatre, selfie spot, etc.

Figure 17: Children are Playing and Swimming.

Figure 18: Public Relaxing Garden.

Figure 19: Community Children Playground.

Figure 20: Public Relaxing Garden with Roof.

Figure 21: Attractive House Fasade.

Figure 22: Mini Semi-Amphitheatre

Bio-cord as an Ecotechnological Wastewater Treatment for Productive and Attractive Urban Open Spaces

239

Figure 23: Selfie Spot.

Figure 24: Attractive Spaces Retaining Wall with Mural

Wall.

3.3 Productive Value and Attractive

Value of Urban Open Spaces as

Dimensions of Sustainibilty

We measure productive value and attractive value of

urban open spaces which link to public space design

that aims sustainibilty consists of these variable

aspects : Community Welfare, Visual Enhancement,,

Environmental Enhancement, Economic

Development, Economic Development and Image

Enhancement.

We identified various type of public spaces along

Babakan Irigasi and analysed all the supporting

variables to find how does the Bio-Cord Technology

optimize urban open spaces along Babakan Irigasi.

Figure 25: Productive and Attractive Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi Riverside Settlement.

1. Analysis of Community Welfare Aspect

This table shows how community welfare as basic

motivation in creating and developing public space.

Community provides movement paths or circulation,

communication centre and a place to feel free and

relax.

ICE-TES 2021 - International Conference on Emerging Issues in Technology, Engineering, and Science

240

Table 2: Aspects of Community Welfare in Dimensions of

Sustainibility.

Productive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

Community Welfare

Move

ment/

Circul

ation

Comm

unicati

Relax

&Free

Circulation Corridor N √ - -

Vegetables Garden E - - -

Hydroponic Garden F - - -

Vertical Garden

along the

Circulation Corridor

O √ - √

Fish Pond M - √ √

Compost Plant I - - -

Clean Water

Reservoir

(ground tank)

E - - -

Clean Water

Reservoir

(upper tank)

G - - -

Cafeteria B - √ √

Retail Kiosk J - √ √

Flower Park H - - √

Attractive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

Move

ment/

Circul

ation

Comm

unicati

Relax

&Free

Water Playground C √ √ √

Colourful building

façade with Mural

P √ - √

Outdoor Semi-

Amphitheatre

B - √ √

Selfie Spot B - √ √

Relaxing Garden G - √ √

Children

Playground

L - √ √

Vegetables Garden, Hydroponic Garden,

Compost Plant, Clean Water Reservoir are urban

public open spaces that are not fulfilled in community

welfare aspects.

2. Analysis of Visual Enhancement Aspect

A public space in a city will increase its visual quality

by being more human, harmony and good looking.

Table 3: Aspects of Visual Enhancement in Dimensions of

Sustainibility.

Productive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

Visual Enhancement

Huma

nist

Harmo

Good

Lookin

Circulation Corridor N √ √ √

Vegetables Garden E √ √ √

Hydroponic Garden F √ √ √

Vertical Garden

along the

Circulation Corridor

O √ √ √

Fish Pond M √ √ √

Compost Plant I - - -

Clean Water

Reservoir

(ground tank)

E - - -

Clean Water

Reservoir

(upper tank)

G - - -

Cafeteria B √ √ √

Retail Kiosk J √ - -

Flower Park H √ √ √

Attractive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

Huma

nist

Harmo

Good

Lookin

Water Playground C √ √ √

Colourful building

façade with Mural

P √ √ √

Outdoor Semi-

Amphitheatre

B √ √ √

Selfie Spot B √ √ √

Relaxing Garden G √ √ √

Children Playground L √ √ √

There are only two open spaces that are not

fulfilled according to visual enhancement variables.

They are Compost Plant and Clean Water Reservoir.

3. Analysis of Environmental Enhancement Aspect

Greenery in open public space can give a boost in

aesthetic value and provides better air quality in the

middle of air pollution.

Bio-cord as an Ecotechnological Wastewater Treatment for Productive and Attractive Urban Open Spaces

241

Table 4: Aspects of Environmental Enhancement in

Dimensions of Sustainibility.

Productive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

Environmental

Enhancement

City Lungs Greenery

Circulation Corridor N √ -

Vegetables Garden E √ √

Hydroponic Garden F √ √

Vertical Garden

along the

Circulation Corridor

O √ √

Fish Pond M - √

Compost Plant I - √

Clean Water

Reservoir

(ground tank)

E - √

Clean Water

Reservoir

(upper tank)

G - √

Cafeteria B - -

Retail Kiosk J - -

Flower Park H - √

Attractive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

City Lungs Greenery

Water Playground C - √

Colourful building

façade with Mural

P - -

Outdoor Semi-

Amphitheatre

B - -

Selfie Spot B - -

Relaxing Garden G √ √

Children

Playground

L - -

There are some public spaces that are not

fulfilled to these variables : Cafeteria, Retail Kiosk,

Colourful Building with Mural Facade, Outdoor

Semi-Amphitheatre, Selfie Spot, and Children

Playground.

4. Analysis of Economic Development Aspect

Economic development as a general purpose in

creating and developing an open public space.

Table 5: Aspects of Economic Development in Dimensions

of Sustainibility.

Productive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

Economic Development

Economic Value

Circulation Corridor N -

Vegetables Garden

E √

Hydroponic Garden F √

Vertical Garden

along the

Circulation Corridor

O -

Fish Pond M -

Compost Plant I -

Clean Water

Reservoir

(ground tank)

E -

Clean Water

Reservoir

(upper tank)

G -

Cafeteria B √

Retail Kiosk J √

Flower Park H -

Attractive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

Economic Value

Water Playground C -

Colourful building

façade with Mural

P -

Outdoor Semi-

Amphitheatre

B √

Selfie Spot B -

Relaxing Garden G -

Children

Playground

L -

According to Economic Development Aspect

there are five public spaces have the economical

value that increasing economy of the community,

following Circulation Corridor, Hydroponic Garden,

Cafeteria, Retail Kiosk, Outdoor Semi-Amphitheatre.

5. Analysis of Image Enhancement Aspect

Image enhancement is an abstract goal that isn’t

clearly stated in creating an open public space but it

has to be achieved.

ICE-TES 2021 - International Conference on Emerging Issues in Technology, Engineering, and Science

242

Table 6: Aspects of Image Enhancement in Dimensions of

Sustainibility.

Productive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

Image Enhancement

In Order Cleanliness

Circulation Corridor N √ √

Vegetables Garden

E √ √

Hydroponic garden F √ √

Vertical Garden

along the

Circulation Corridor

O √ √

Fish Pond M √ √

Compost Plant I √ √

Clean Water

Reservoir (ground

tank)

E √ √

Clean Water

Reservoir (upper

tank)

G √ √

Cafeteria B √ √

Retail Kiosk J √ √

Aesthetic Plants

Garden

H √ √

Attractive Public

Spaces at Babakan

Irigasi

In Order Cleanliness

Water Playground C √ √

Colourful building

façade with Mural

P √ √

Outdoor Semi-

Amphitheatre

B √ √

Selfie Spot B √ √

Relaxing Garden G √ √

Children Playground L √ √

This table shows how effective Bio-Cord

Technology as the trigger which creating urban open

spaces that all the functions of urban open spaces

became tidy, in order and clean. These image is

totally different like other urban open spaces along

the stream or river we used to see.

4 CONCLUSIONS

The Bio-Cord Technology that installed at Babakan

Irigasi area as an ecotechnological treatment play a

key role in the environmental design and sustainable

development of the urban structure of the city

settlement. This study showed that productive and

attractive open spaces are of great importance for

urban spatial structure that can support sustainability.

Table 7: Aspects of Economic Development in Dimensions

of Sustainibility.

Dimension of Sustainibility Fulfilled

Not

Fulfilled

Community Welfare 70,6% 29,4%

Visual Enhancement 82,3% 17,7%

Environmental Enhancement 64,7% 35,3%

Economic Development 29,4% 70,6%

Image Enhancement 100% 0%

This table shows that the result of functional

mapping of urban open spaces that created as the

impact of Bio-Cord Technology analyze by five

aspects as dimensions of sustainibilty,

Image Enhancement is the most fulfilled aspect

where all public spaces that created were fulfilled

100%. Visual Enhancement is also fulfilled 82,3%

that means urban open spaces that were created are

humanist, harmony and good looking. While the

community welfare aspects show that urban public

were fulfilled 70,6% that contains of movement,

communication, relaxing&free activity as the

variables. The environmental enhancement aspects

show the number of 64,7% where urban public open

spaces enabled as the city lung and greenery elements

which means environmental friendly. Meanwhile

economical development aspects only shows 29,4%

that are fulfilled, where only a few spaces have the

economical value.

This kind transformation of waste land to a

productive and open space is one of the city urban

renewal plan

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This paper is part of our devotion to the riverside

urban community which which requires spatial

planning and visual design that can make productive

and attractive to increase community welfare. All the

authors also express the gratitude to the community at

RW 04 Babakan Irigasi Bandung for the filed data to

complete this paper.

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