Comparison Random Blood Sugar Level and Body Mass Index of

New among New Medical Students at the USU Faculty of

Medicine in 2018 at before and after First Initial

Semester Lectures

Kinanti Triandani

and Almaycano Ginting

Undergraduate student, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, Indonesia

Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan,

Indonesia

Corresponding author

Keywords: Blood Sugar Level, Body Mass Index, Lecture.

Abstract: Blood sugar level (BSL) is something that refers to the level of sugar concentration in the blood. BSL can be

influenced by several factors such as age, hormones, emotions, stress, the amount and type of food consumed

and physical activity. Blood sugar levels in the body are closely related to lifestyle namely dietary habit

and physical activity. With low activity, it will happen the accumulation of calories and sugar in the body.

Body Mass Index (BMI) is one method for measuring one's ideal body weight, by measuring body height

and body weight. BMI is also influenced by dietary habit and physical activity. The lecture is one example

of physical activity. Lectures using the CBEL method (Competency Based Education Lecture) are student-

centered learning methods and it is expected that students can have individual skills in medical science. This

research aimed to obtain data on the comparison of blood sugar levels and body mass index of new students

in 2018 at the USU Faculty of Medicine before and after the initial semester lectures. This research was

analytic observational with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this research was taken by simple random

sampling technique. This research was calculated the number of subjects in the population than using the

formula and randomly selected 97 samples. The collected data are primary data taken directly at the Faculty

of Medicine. In this research were obtained significant results on blood sugar levels before and after the

initial semester lecture with p = 0.028 (p <0.05) and significant results on BMI before and after the

initial semester lecture with a value of p = 0.038. There was a difference in the comparison of initial blood

sugar levels and BMI before and after the initial semester lecture on new students of 2018 the USU Faculty

of Medicine.

1 BACKGROUND

Blood sugar level (BSL?) is something that refers to

the level of sugar concentration in the blood.

According to PERKENI (Indonesian Endocrine

Society) in 2015, initial blood sugar level BSL

should be is normal if it is <100 mg/dl and suspected

Diabetes Mellitus if ≥ 200mg/dl. Blood sugar level

can be influenced by several factors such as age,

hormones, emotions, stress, dietary habit and

physical activity (Putra et al., 2015).

Irregular dietary habit plus consuming foods that

contain too much protein, fat and sugar and b u t

less fiber will greatly contribute to increasing excess

body weight or obesity (Kasengke et al., 2015). In

Indonesia, limiting or monitoring one's ideal body

weight can be determined based on the Body Mass

Index (BMI) This method only applies to someone

over 18 years old, by comparing between body

weight and height. According to a study conducted

by Kasengke et al. (2015) it was found in stated

that a group of young adults aged 20-30 years old

with BMI kg of 23kg/m2 having initial BSL.

Research conducted by Candrawati (2011) stated that

found relation between physical activity with BMI

which is 16.7% of overweight BMI was associated to

low physical activity and 16.7% of obesity BMI was

associated to low physical activity.

142

Triandani, K. and Ginting, A.

Comparison Random Blood Sugar Level and Body Mass Index of New among New Medical Students at the USU Faculty of Medicine in 2018 at before and after First Initial Semester Lectures.

DOI: 10.5220/0009862101420145

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (ICTROMI 2019), pages 142-145

ISBN: 978-989-758-469-5

Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Sumatera

Utara as one of Faculty of Medicine that

implementing Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC)

conducting in the system has a busy schedule from

morning to evening. The curricula so encourage

the possibility of an unhealthy dietary habit/lifestyle

and will choose fast food as the main choice. This

study aims e purpose of this research was to directly

assess initial BSL and BMI the students of Medical

Faculty related to the lecture process based on

implementing CBC.

2 METHODS

This type of research is observational analytic

research with a cross-sectional study. The research

sample amounted and recruited 97 respondents based

on using simple random sampling method which is

choosing samples randomly using dice. Sampling is

done by taking direct BSL data then measuring body

weight and height after the sample signing informed

consent.

The BSL measurement uses a blood sugar glucose

meter and BMI measurement using weight formula in

kilograms (kg) divided by height in meters squared

). In this research the BMI classification using

the Asia-Pacific criteria (reference).

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In this study, the respondents (research subject) were

new students of the USU Faculty of Medicine class

of 2018. From 264 new students of class 2018,

samples that met the research criteria were 97

responden

Table 1. Distribution of Respondents by Sex

Sex

Male

31 32

Female

66 68

Total

100

Based on Table 1. there are more respondents

with female gender than men (Table 1). Where women

numbered 66 respondents (68%) while men

numbered 31 respondents (32%). This result is in line

with the research conducted by Putra et al (2015) at

Sam Ratulangi University in Manado regarding BSL

of Faculty of Medicine students in 2015, there were

27 female respondents (52.9%) and 24 male

respondents (47.1%).

Table 2. Distribution of Respondents by Age

Age

54,6

9,3

2,1

Total

100

Based on Table 2. the results showed that most

respondents were at 18 years old amount 53 (54.6%)

(Table 2). This result is in line with the research

conducted by Putra et al (2015) at Sam Ratulangi

University in Manado regarding BSL of Faculty Of

Medicine students in class 2015 that the most

respondents were at 18 years old amount 26

respondents (51.9%) out of 51 total respondents.

This is in line with the theory which says that the

average age of students in Indonesia are at 18-

24 (Paramita, 2010)

Table 3. Distribution of Respondents Based on Random

BSL During Before and After Lecture in Initial Semester

BSL

Before

Low

36,1

Normal

63,9

High

After

Low

28,9

Normal

70,1

High

Total

100

Based on Table 3. the results of BSL before

initial semester lecture showed that 62 respondents

(63.9%) had normal BSL and BSL after initial

semester lecture showed that 68 respondents

(70.1%) also had normal BSL (Table 3). This result

is in line with the research conducted by Putra et al

(2015) at Sam Ratulangi University in Manado

regarding BSL of Faculty Of Medicine.students in

2015 who got the results as many as 42 respondents

(82.4%) had normal BSL. And in this research, BSL

was obtained before the initial semester lecture was

more on women than men as much as 38 (39.15%)

had normal BSL and male as many as 24 people

(24.77%) at BSL after initial semester lecture got 43

(44.30%) female and male respondents were 25

(25.81%).

In this research, the results are in line with the

theory which says that at a young age carbohydrate

metabolism and other organ functions are still good.

Comparison Random Blood Sugar Level and Body Mass Index of New among New Medical Students at the USU Faculty of Medicine in

2018 at before and after First Initial Semester Lectures

143

This normal BSL is a manifestation of the ability of

insulin secretion by the pancreas and the ability of

glucose cells by target cells (Rochmach, 2010).

Table 4. Distribution of Respondents Based on BMI Before

and After Lectures in Initial Semester

Body Mass Index (BMI) N %

Before

Underweight

9,3

Nor

oweight

41,2

erweight

17,5

Obese

32,0

After

Underweight

14,4

Nor

oweight

42,3

erweight

14,4

Obese

28,9

Based on Table 4. the results of BMI before

initial semester lectures were 40 respondents

(41.2%) with normoweight (normal) and the BMI

after initial semester lectures were 41 respondents

(42.3%) with normoweight (normal). The results

were in line with research conducted by Oktaviani

et al (2012) regarding the relationship between

dietary habits and activities with BMI student of

SMA Negeri 9 in Semarang found that there were

37 respondents (46.26%) out of 80 respondents

with normoweight (normal).

However, different results were obtained from

the research conducted by Tandean et al. (2015)

regarding BMI in the Senate members of the

Faculty Of Medicine Manado student which

obtained the most results with Obese (obesity) as

many as 14 respondents (70%) out of a total of 20

respondents. This change in BMI is in line with

the theory that physical activity and regular

physical exercise can increase muscle mass and

reduce body fat mass, while adequate physical

activity can cause a reduction in muscle mass and

an increase in adipocytes (Guyton et al., 2014).

And in this study obtained BMI before initial

semester lecture as many as 31 people (31.94%)

women and 9 people (9.29%) men with

normoweight (normal) and on BMI after initial

semester lecture as many as 32 people ( 32.98%)

women and 9 people (9.28%) in men with

normoweight (normal).

This result is different from the research

conducted by Tandean et al (2015) regarding BMI in

Senate members of the Faculty Of Medicine Manado

student which found that more men with

normoweight (normal) were confident as many as 2

respondents (10%) out of 17 male respondents.

In this research, the results obtained were not in

line with the research obtained from the theory which

said that men should have more obesity BMI than

women. Gender has an influence on one's body

weight. In obesity, the amount of body fat is more

than others. In young adults male body fat >25% and

women >35% (Setiati et al., 2015).

Table 5. Comparison of BSL and BMI before and after

lectures in the initial semester.

Before After p

BSL

(37-132)

(43-185)

0,028

BMI

22,9

(15,6-39,4)

22,6

(14,2 – 38,8) 0,038

From result data BSL before the lecture obtained

median value was 83 mg/dL and after the lecture

was obtained the median value of 87 mg/dL. For

BMI before the lecture obtained median value was

22.9 kg/m

and BMI after the lecture with a median

value of 22.6 kg/m

. Next, the results data were

analyzed using the normality test. In data normality

test using Shapiro-Wilk obtained the results of BSL

and BMI were not normally distributed (p<0.05).

Then further analyzed by t h e Wilcoxon

nonparametric test obtained significant results in BSL

(p=0.028) and BMI (p=0.38).

4 CONCLUSIONS

Based on the research that has been done, it can be

concluded that there are differences in initial BSL

and BMI of the USU Faculty Of Medicine

students in 2018 before and after the initial semester

lecture.

5 SUGGESTION

Based on the results of the research, the authors

suggest further research is needed by paying

attention to the comparison of the CBC lecture

patterns with non-CBCs as well as further research

on the analysis of factors that influence changes in

BSL and BMI in students.

ICTROMI 2019 - The 2nd International Conference on Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease

144

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The author would like to thank all those who have

helped the author in completing this research both

directly and indirectly.

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Comparison Random Blood Sugar Level and Body Mass Index of New among New Medical Students at the USU Faculty of Medicine in

2018 at before and after First Initial Semester Lectures

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