Does the Context of MSPDM Analysis Relevant in Rural Tourism?: Case

Study of Pentingsari, Nglanggeran, and Penglipuran

Setiawan Priatmoko

, Yitno Purwoko

and Anwani

STIE Pariwisata API Yogyakarta

Keywords:

MSPDM, CBT, Pentingsari, Nglanggeran, Penglipuran.

Abstract:

This study aims to proof of the presence of variables in Marketing, Sustainability, Participation and Disaster

Mitigation (MSPDM) based on research conducted in three tourist destination villages namely Nglanggeran

in Gunung Kidul Regency, Pentingsari in Sleman Regency (both of them are located in Yogyakarta Special

Province), and Penglipuran in Bangli District, Bali Province, Indonesia. MSPDM analysis is a new method

as an alternative to SWOT analysis in community-based tourism planning and needs to be assesed before it

becomes commonly understandable method. The methods in the MSPDM analysis quantitatively measure

the variables of Marketing, Sustainability, Participation, and Disaster Mitigation from several locations. The

searching for these variables is carried out on tourist attractions, existing facilities and infrastructure, and

tourism potential that can be displayed in the development area.

1 INTRODUCTION

MSPDM analysis is the analysis used as alternative

for the SWOT analysis in facilitating decision making

on tourism development (Purbadi, 2016). MSPDM

analysis focuses on calculating elements of Mar-

ketibility (M), Sustainability (S), Participation (P) and

Disaster Mitigation (DM) (Priatmoko, 2018a). This

analysis aims to avoid elements of bias on SWOT.

SWOT depends on subjective views, avoids quantiﬁ-

cation, and lacks predictive capabilities (Ayub et al.,

2013). This research was conducted to prove that

the elements of MSPDM are indeed real and be-

come a concern for tourism managers who are con-

sidered good. The ﬁrst step to ensuring the rele-

vance of MSPDM analysis is to see the existence

of the MSPDM aspects in several community-based

tourism (CBT) locations. The selected tourist lo-

cations are community-based destinations sites that

are considered good by competent tourism institu-

tions. These locations are Nglanggeran tourism vil-

lage in Gunung Kidul and Pentingsari Tourism Vil-

lage in Sleman, Yogyakarta which received the 2017

CBT Award by the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism

(of Tourism, 2017). The third location is Penglipuran

village in Bali, which was awarded the cleanest vil-

lage in the world in 2016 (of Tourism, 2017). How-

ever, data from the third location will only be con-

ducted by literature studies and online sources. At

begining, the MSPDM analysis speciﬁcally designed

as an initial measurement instrument to determine the

initial conditions of the development area. MSPDM

is also used for long-term development strategies and

monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of

its development (Purbadi, 2016) (Priatmoko, 2019).

2 STUDY LOCATIONS

2.1 Pentingsari Village

Pentingsari hamlet located 22.5 km north of Yo-

gyakarta city, Indonesia at about 700 meters above

the sea level, at the sloop of Mt. Merapi, one of

the most active volcano on the planet. Pentingsari

ofﬁcially became a tourist village on April 15, 2008

based on the Sleman Regency Tourism Ofﬁce’s dec-

laration. The community start activities as a rural

tourism destination since May 15, 2008. Pentingsari

tourism village can be referred as a tourist destination

because there are components of accommodation and

activities associated with tourism activities. It brings

themes of agriculture life style, fresh nature, culture,

and friendly environment. Villagers still use conven-

tional tools from particular surrounding nature,which

should be very fascinating for those who are looking

for a recognition to the indigenous people of early

Priatmoko, S., Purwoko, Y. and Anwani, .

Does the Context of MSPDM Analysis Relevant in Rural Tourism?: Case Study of Pentingsari, Nglanggeran, and Penglipuran.

DOI: 10.5220/0009857400150021

In Proceedings of the International Conference on Creative Economics, Tourism and Information Management (ICCETIM 2019) - Creativity and Innovation Developments for Global

Competitiveness and Sustainability, pages 15-21

ISBN: 978-989-758-451-0

(of Tourism, 2016). The village offers a deeper in-

sight about local wisdom that’s solidly rooted within

the people. Known as Dewi Peri, Pentingsari Tourism

Village assesed as one of the best tourist village desti-

nation in the Province of Yogyakarta Special Region.

Until now, Pentingsari is still active as a tourist village

and receives visitors.

2.2 Nglanggeran Village

Nglanggeran Village is located at Patuk District, Gu-

nungkidul Regency, D.I.Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The

village starts their activities since 12th Mei 1999.

Their mascot and central attraction is Mount Api

Purba. Mt. Api Purba Nglanggeran is also recognized

by UNESCO as one of Mt. Sewu’s Global Geopark

sites. Nglanggeran’s uniqueness also comes with an

astonishing a 48-hectare mountain natural panorama

from Mt. Api Purba, or ’ancient volcano’ (of Tourism,

2016). The main tourism attractions in Nglanggeran

are ancient volcanic, pond and rural natural scenery

with numerous cocoa farms, rice ﬁeld terraces and

forests, ﬂora – fauna such as rare plants, medicinal

plants and rare animals (ASEAN, 2018).

2.3 Penglipuran Village

Penglipuran is located in Bangli Regency, Bali

Province, Indonesia. Being one of the threecleanest

in the whole planet, Penglipuran also one of the most

placid, unpolluted, and peaceful area throughout the

whole country (of Tourism, 2017). Penglipuran Tra-

ditional Village has strong concern to the environ-

ment, or eco-based tourism. This traditional village

is located in Bangli Regency, with an area of approxi-

mately 112 ha (Sudiarta and Nurjaya, 2017). This tra-

ditional village is a village that still maintains beliefs

and cultural Bali elements (Rizfa and Amos, 2016).

The uniqueness and potential possessed by Penglipu-

ran Village have been recognized and made a part as

tourist attraction since 1993 (Sulistyawati, 2014).

3 LITERATURE REVIEW

Applying SWOT for tourism place strategic planning

could be a though assignment as there are many pos-

sible strategies derived from the assessment of envi-

ronmental elements (Oreski, 2012). Involving com-

munity members to make informed decisions about

tourism development is important and become use-

able, relevant and understandable (Deuchar, 2012).

SWOT and other modiﬁcation of SWOT also need ex-

perts from related organizations to make an offering

strategies for development area (Arsi

c et al., 2017).

Because of these facts, MSPDM analysis offers some

easier tools for rural destinations’ stake holders.

MSPDM Analysis is establishing and choosing

the attractions that already exist and the potential at-

tractions as contents that will be examined and dis-

closed quantively (Priatmoko, 2018b). Content analy-

sis is the beginning action to specify the aspect and el-

ements of Marketibility, Sustainability, Participation

and Disaster Mitigation (MSPDM). Content analysis

is a research procedure which permits the qualitative

data collected in research to be examined systemati-

cally and reliably so that generalizations can be made

from them in connection to the classiﬁcation of topic

to the researcher (Duran, 2013). The use of scores

based on the presence level of the MSPDM indicators

will also facilitate easily for stakeholders to establish

of the basis planning area (Priatmoko, 2018b). Rural

tourism links tourism products, regions of rural recre-

ation activities, based on the rural situations and can

be consolidated with the elements of cultural and live

tourism (Pakurar et al., 2008). In Indonesia, mostly

rural tourism activities formed as community-based

tourism (CBT). Russel in Rindrasih stated CBT needs

three aspects: (1) local community support and partic-

ipation; (2) community living at or near the destina-

tion advantage from the tourism activities; and (3) lo-

cal community’s cultural recognition and natural sur-

roundings are well-preserved throughout the tourism

activity (Rindrasih, 2018).

The community provide the visitor’s need. The

visitors who stay in the homestay usually ask to fol-

low daily activities conducted by villagers (Pramanik

et al., 2019). Pentingsari, Nglanggeran, and Penglipu-

ran villages are considered as rural tourism desti-

nations (Vitasurya, 2016)(Jemadu et al., 2016)(Pri-

atmoko, 2017)(Rindrasih, 2018). From the tourism

activities, poeple got some beneﬁts. The society ad-

vantages may be distributed in cash money or more

frequently as investments in local community assets

(Goodwin et al., 2009). On the other hand, in-

volving community members to make informed deci-

sions about tourism development is important and be-

come useable, relevant and understandable (Deuchar,

2012). The activities objectives conducted by peo-

ple in rural area in modern nowadays need to care

about Marketibility, Sustainability, Participation and

Disaster Mitigation (MSPDM), because aside from

being part of the daily activities of rural communities,

tourist villages also become business products that are

sold to tourists ((Priatmoko, 2018a). For this reason,

a balance is needed for the perpetrators, namely the

village community and modern strategies as a busi-

ness activity. That things related to product problems

ICCETIM 2019 - International Conference on Creative Economics, Tourism Information Management

and marketing are the main concern of these activi-

ties (Priatmoko, 2019). Sustainability aspects are also

the main thing from tourism village activities (Okech

et al., 2015). Thus, in context of tourism industry

the natural environment, culture, and also in the busi-

ness aspect should be sustain and preserve (Zhu et al.,

2017). Another interesting fact is tourism activities

become a business activities that are considered as

common bussines and involve many local communi-

ties (Manaf et al., 2018). The trend of Community

Based Tourism (CBT / Community Base Tourism)

and its participation appeared in various regulatory

treasures ranging from UNWTO to the level of local

regulations even at the smallest level of community

groups (of Tourism, 2011). The absence of an element

of community participation will immediately be a dif-

ferentiator whether tourism activities in such a place

are considered to be a CBT or just an ordinary private

business (Gunawijaya et al., 2019). Another impor-

tant issue is the problem of disaster mitigation in the

tourist area (Priatmoko, 2018b). A related analysis

is needed so tourism activities can be more mitigated

from the start to reduce greater risks for tourists and

local managers (Susmayadi et al., 2014). Awareness

of the importance of disaster mitigation is nedeed in

the community of the villages (McNamara and Des

Combes, 2015). It can be said that the elements of

Marketing, Sustainability, Participation and Disaster

Mitigation are basically the necessary tools for man-

aging a tourism village (Priatmoko, 2018a).

4 METHODOLOGY

The research method that researchers use in this re-

search is descriptive qualitative research methods.

With this method researchers will make a systematic

description or picture of how the role, enabling factors

of tourism, and management of rural tourism in Mt.

Merapi area based on the facts. Researchers chose to

assesses the pressence of MSPDM focusing in Pent-

ingsari, Nglanggeran and Penglipuran village as the

three best of rural tourism destinations in Indone-

sia (ASEAN, 2018)(of Tourism, 2019). Data is ob-

tained through ﬁeld observations, interviews, source

searches, online news, and literature studies.

The researchers interviewed the tourist village

manager, and the people who were appointed as co-

ordinators of the providers of destination elements

included attractions, accommodation, and commu-

nity leaders involved in village tourism activities.

The understanding of respondens (from Pentingsari

and Nglanggeran villages) on the topics asked by

researchers was also relatively similar because they

routinely coordinated in FORKOM Desa Wisata (the

organization of the Tourism Village Communication

Forum).

For the location of Penglipuran village which

only relies on literature studies and online informa-

tion sources (news, social media feeds, and youtube

contens), researchers also interviewed tour guides

from Yogyakarta who often visited and accompanied

guests to Penglipuran village. The data then collected

in a table to see in general the existence of MSPDM

aspects.

5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

From the aspects of marketing, Pentingsari, Nglang-

geran, and Penglipuran market determination target

is a group of students, cultural enthusiasts and free

individual traveller (FIT). From the aspect of prod-

uct, the villages consider uniqueness and originality

of the local village which is considered as tourist at-

tractions. Prices have been set ﬁrmly and the distribu-

tion of fees for third parties who bring business also

be given. In the case of the distribution of tourism

products is always available and spread to various par-

ties who are considered as potential markets. Promo-

tions on a range of tourism products also use a variety

of ofﬂine and online platforms even though there are

differences in the stage of skill to use it.

In sustainability aspects, all of three villages pay

attention to the carrying capacity of each tourism

product by determining the maximum visitor of each

service, place and attraction. Waste management is

also carried out independently or in collaboration with

other parties. Activity in environmental preserva-

tion is considered important because the natural atmo-

sphere is also part of the attractions in these villages.

They also made various efforts to make tourist visits

continue as repeated business. In the village, there

is also a division of tasks that encourages business

development for each actor and community group.

These actions are conducted through POKDARWIS

(local community tourism group enthusiast) and tra-

ditional background villager groups. In the Partici-

patory aspect, the three villages pay attention to the

following matters: 1. Mastery local resources in the

form of various property and intellectual property as-

sets 2. Local accountability in the form of routine

meetings to report and evaluate activities that have

been done as well as the results 3. local variety with

forms that match the uniqueness of each village.

In the aspect of disaster mitigation, Disaster Man-

agement, two types of disasters are grouped, namely:

1. Natural disasters in terms of the condition and

Does the Context of MSPDM Analysis Relevant in Rural Tourism?: Case Study of Pentingsari, Nglanggeran, and Penglipuran

history of regional disasters to be developed, for ex-

ample, earthquakes and/or tsunamis have occurred.

2. Non-natural disasters especially for handling risks

that may arise for tourism products in the region. Es-

pecially for Pentingsari tourism village which is un-

der the foot of active volcano, the government reg-

ularly disseminates information to remind the com-

munity about the risk and the actions to be taken in

an emergency (Rindrasih, 2018). In Nglanggeran, en-

forcement efforts were carried out with the addition of

embankment in some areas with sloping landscapes

to prevent landslide hazards (Hermawan, 2017). In

Penglipuran, the distribution of zones of spatial is car-

ried out, place for all villages and space for houses

owned are deﬁned by residents to facilitate manage-

ment and mitigation (Priyoga and Sudarwani, 2018).

The details of the MSPDM aspects of the three vil-

lages above can be illustrated in the following table:

Table 1: Aspect and activities in rural destinations(Source:

researcher analysis)

Village

As-

pects

Penting

sari

Nglang

geran

Penglipuran

Marketi

bility

-Group

visitors

-Firmly

pricing

and

various

attrac-

tions

packages

-Use of

social

media -

Collabor

ation

with

other

business

body

-Group

visitors

-Firmly

pricing

and

various

attrac-

tions

packages

-Use of

social

media -

Collabor

ation

with

other

business

body

-F.I.T,

family

and small

group

visitor

(Asteya

and Pa-

mungkas,

2017)

-Firmly

pric-

ing and

various

attractions

packages

-Collabor

ation with

other busi-

ness body

-The use

of ofﬂine

media

is more

dominant

(Asteya

and Pa-

mungkas,

2017)

Sustain

ibility

-Tree

planting

program

-Waste

man-

agement

Inde-

pendent

clean

water

treat-

ment -

Cooperate

with

state-

owned

com-

panies

and large

compa-

nies for

long-

term

MOUs

bussines

Cooperate

with

state-

owned

com-

panies

and large

compa-

nies for

long-

term

MOUs

bussines

Chocolate

planting

program

-Waste

man-

agement

Inde-

pendent

clean

water

treat-

ment

-Waste

manage-

ment and

preser-

vation of

bamboo

forests

(Muli-

awan,

2018) -

Customary

rules that

become

agree-

ments

(Andayani

et al.,

2017) -

Restricted

access

for large

vehicles

in certain

areas -

Customary

rules Re-

garding

Archi-

tectural

design

(Rizfa and

Amos,

2016)

ICCETIM 2019 - International Conference on Creative Economics, Tourism Information Management

Particip

atory

-Using

products

from

local

agri-

culture

farmer

-Local

archi-

tectural

Design

(Joglo

style)

-Workers

from

local res-

idents -

decoration

made

from

young

coconut

leaf

Chocolate

ingre-

dient

products

from

local

farmer

-Local

archi-

tectural

Design

-Workers

from

local

residents

-Speciﬁc

culinary

products

and local

recipes

(loloh

cem-cem)

-speciﬁc

visitor

activities

(rock

climbing

and

home

made

choco-

late

show)

-Local ar-

chitectural

design

and

spatial

patterns

(Priyoga

and Su-

darwani,

2018)

Disaster

Miti-

gation

-Volcano

eruption

evac-

uation

warn-

ing &

routes -

Hygienic

stan-

dards for

toilets

Hygienic

stan-

dards

for food

products

-Build

landslide

retaining

embank-

ment -

Evacuation

route

Determining

zones ac-

cording

to area

functions

(Rizfa and

Amos,

2016)

-Provide

health

clinics

(Andayani

et al.,

2017)

From the table above it appears that the elements

of MSPDM always appear in the locations of ad-

vanced tourist villages. This shows that the attention

of the local community to the aspects of MSPDM

has brought progress to the activities of tourism vil-

lages. The local people’s attention and actions are

very planned and measurable and can be seen in these

aspects. In the marketing aspect, they do things based

on the marketing mix theory. Product, price, place,

promotion, people, process, and physical evidence are

relatively considered and packaged in tourism busi-

ness standards. In sustainability aspects, the elements

carrying capacity of tourism products, waste treat-

ment, conservation of the environment, the continu-

ity of tourist visits, and business development actors

and local related groups appear from their concern

in maintaining the environment and bussines sustain-

ability of their villages. They even want to use the hy-

giene standards for existing facilities. The local com-

muntiies also conducted long-term business relation-

ship by making of the MOU. In the Participatory as-

pect, there are elements of the main role by local com-

munities, responsible for local accountability, focus

in local variety manifested in the use of resources and

various forms of architecture, performances, and typ-

ical foods. For the Disaster Mitigation aspect they fo-

cus on natural disasters (e.g.:volcano eruption, land-

slide), and non-natural disasters. They pay attention

to food safety, health and safety standards also pro-

vide evacuation routes.

6 CONCLUSIONS

Tourism villages who get the best predicate as rural

destination pay attention to the MSPD aspects even

though in the form of different activities according to

the characteristics of the village. The use of MSPDM

analysis is easily seen by its existence and can reduce

subjectivity in assessing a development plan as well

as evaluating the current period of a development pro-

gram. It will guide to objectively, measurably, and

consistently assesment. Furthermore, the regional de-

velopment program will be determined based on the

analysis of the initial. The conditions of the MSPDM

value also can be expected to be measurable and eas-

ily evaluated. The present research was limited to

three cases studies; therefore, further research should

be conducted to establish a complete understanding

of MSPDM in another form of rural tourism activity.

Does the Context of MSPDM Analysis Relevant in Rural Tourism?: Case Study of Pentingsari, Nglanggeran, and Penglipuran

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This research is funded by the Ministry of Re-

search, Technology, and Higher Education of Indone-

sia through Program Penelitian Dosen Pemula (PDP)

2019. We would like to express our greatest gratitude

to STIE Pariwisata API (STIEPAR API) Yogyakarta

and all member of research who have been involved

and friends who have supported this research.

REFERENCES

Andayani, A. A. I., Martono, E., and Muhamad, M. (2017).

Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pengembangan

desa wisata dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan

sosial budaya wilayah (studi di desa wisata penglipu-

ran bali). Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 23(1):1–16.

Arsi

c, S., Nikoli

c, D., and

Zivkovi

Z. (2017). Hy-

brid swot-anp-fanp model for prioritization strategies

of sustainable development of ecotourism in national

park djerdap, serbia. Forest Policy and Economics,

80:11–26.

ASEAN (2018). Nature-base tourism asean sustainable

tourism award.

Asteya, P. G. and Pamungkas, I. N. A. (2017). Strategi

komunikasi pemasaran desa penglipuran bali sebagai

upaya branding dalam peningkatan bisnis pariwisata.

eProceedings of Management, 4(3).

Ayub, A., Razzaq, A., Aslam, M. S., and Iftekhar, H.

(2013). A conceptual framework on evaluating swot

analysis as the mediator in strategic marketing plan-

ning through marketing intelligence. European Jour-

nal of Business and Social Sciences, 2(1):91–98.

Deuchar, C. (2012). Small tourism enterprise network for-

mation in rural destinations: Integrating ICT and

community in Western Southland New Zealand. PhD

thesis, Auckland University of Technology.

Duran, E. (2013). A swot analysis on sustainability of fes-

tivals: The case of international troia festival. Journal

of International Social Research, 6(28).

Goodwin, H., Santilli, R., et al. (2009). Community-

based tourism: A success. ICRT Occasional paper,

11(1):37.

Gunawijaya, J., Pratiwi, A., and Gulﬁra, P. N. (2019). Com-

munity participation in rural tourism development:

The experience of wanayasa, purwakarta. Journal of

Indonesian Tourism and Policy Studies, 1(2).

Hermawan, H. (2017). Pengaruh daya tarik wisata, kese-

lamatan, dan sarana wisata terhadap kepuasan serta

dampaknya terhadap loyalitas wisatawan: Studi com-

munity based tourism di gunung api purba nglang-

geran. Media Wisata, 15(1).

Jemadu, Y., Haqqi, A., Maydelta, F., Sades, S., Ibrahim, M.,

Oktaviani, S., Firstiarin, Y., Dasanti, S., Fatmawati,

N., Cahyadi, H., et al. (2016). Integrated development

of tourism villages in mt. merapi area, sleman, daerah

istimewa yogyakarta. In Asia Tourism Forum 2016-the

12th Biennial Conference of Hospitality and Tourism

Industry in Asia. Atlantis Press.

Manaf, A., Purbasari, N., Damayanti, M., Aprilia, N., and

Astuti, W. (2018). Community-based rural tourism

in inter-organizational collaboration: How does it

work sustainably? lessons learned from nglanggeran

tourism village, gunungkidul regency, yogyakarta, in-

donesia. Sustainability, 10(7):2142.

Muliawan, I. W. (2018). Kearifan masyarakat desa

penglipuran kabupaten bangli dalam melestarikan

tanaman bambu dan aplikasinya sebagai bahan ban-

gunan. PADURAKSA: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas

Warmadewa, 6(1):34–43.

of Tourism, M. (2011). Unwto annual report 2011.

of Tourism, M. (2016). Pentingsari: A village designed,

developed, crafted, and enjoyed by people.

of Tourism, M. (2017). Nglanggeran tourism village in yo-

gyakarta.

of Tourism, M. (2019). Penglipuran, a village of immacu-

late peace.

Okech, R., Haghiri, M., and George, B. P. (2015). Ru-

ral tourism as a sustainable development alternative:

An analysis with special reference to luanda, kenya.

CULTUR-Revista de Cultura e Turismo, 6(3):36–54.

Oreski, D. (2012). Strategy development by using swot-ahp.

Tem Journal, 1(4):283–291.

Pakurar, M., Olah, J., et al. (2008). Deﬁnition of rural

tourism and its characteristics in the northern great

plain region. System, 7:777–782.

Pramanik, P. D., Ingkadijaya, R., and Achmadi, M. (2019).

The role of social capital in community based tourism.

Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development

Studies, 7(2).

Priatmoko, S. (2017). Pengaruh atraksi, mediasosial, dan

infrastruktur terhadap keputusan berkunjung wisa-

tawan ke desa wisata pentingsari yogyakarta. Jurnal

Khasanah Ilmu, 8(1):72–82.

Priatmoko, S. (2018a). Analysis of marketability, sustain-

ability, participatory and disaster mitigation (msp+

dm) for the development of rural community-based

tourism (cbt) destinations case study: Depok beach,

bantul, yogyakarta. In IOP Conference Series:

Earth and Environmental Science, volume 202, page

012032. IOP Publishing.

Priatmoko, S. (2018b). Working rural eco tourism planning

in yogyakarta using msp+ dm analysis. E-Journal of

Tourism, pages 22–29.

Priatmoko, S. (2019). Perencanaan pengembangan

destinasi wisata menggunakan analisis msp+ dm.

Khasanah Ilmu-Jurnal Pariwisata Dan Budaya,

10(1).

Priyoga, I. and Sudarwani, M. M. (2018). Kajian pola ru-

ang dan rumah adat desa penglipuran bali. Prosiding

Semarnusa IPLBI, pages 66–72.

Purbadi, D. (2016). Model pengukuran kondisi awal se-

bagai dasar pengembangan program pemberdayaan

masyarakat berkelanjutan, studi kasus: Kawasan

wisata pantai baru, kabupaten bantul. Prosiding

Sendimas, (1):110–121.

ICCETIM 2019 - International Conference on Creative Economics, Tourism Information Management

Rindrasih, E. (2018). Under the volcano: Responses

of a community-based tourism village to the 2010

eruption of mount merapi, indonesia. Sustainability,

10(5):1620.

Rizfa, H. B. and Amos, S. (2016). Bali traditional settle-

ment morphology analysis penglipuran, kubu village,

bangli regency, bali province. DIMENSI (Journal of

Architecture and Built Environment), 43(1):47–54.

Sudiarta, M. and Nurjaya, I. W. (2017). Keunikan desa

penglipuran sebagai pendorong menjadi desa wisata

berbasis kerakyatan. SOSHUM: Jurnal Sosial dan Hu-

maniora [Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities],

5(3):183.

Sulistyawati, Wiranatha, I. A. A. S. (2014). Kompo-

nen produk pariwisata sebagai daya tarik wisata desa

penglipuran, bangli.

Susmayadi, I. M., Kanagae, H., Adiyoso, W., Suryanti,

E. D., et al. (2014). Sustainable disaster risk reduc-

tion through effective risk communication media in

parangtritis tourism area, yogyakarta. Procedia En-

vironmental Sciences, 20:684–692.

Vitasurya, V. R. (2016). Local wisdom for sustain-

able development of rural tourism, case on kalibiru

and lopati village, province of daerah istimewa yo-

gyakarta. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,

216(6):97–108.

Zhu, H., Liu, J., Wei, Z., Li, W., and Wang, L. (2017). Res-

idents’ attitudes towards sustainable tourism develop-

ment in a historical-cultural village: Inﬂuence of per-

ceived impacts, sense of place and tourism develop-

ment potential. Sustainability, 9(1):61.

Does the Context of MSPDM Analysis Relevant in Rural Tourism?: Case Study of Pentingsari, Nglanggeran, and Penglipuran