The Effect of Low-medium Intensity Training on Body Weight, Body

Fat, Visceral, Bmr, Body Age, Whole Subjects, Trunck, Arm, Leg,

Skele Whole Body in Obese Patients

Nawan Primasoni

, Danang Wicaksono

, Siswantoyo

, Okky Indera Pamungkas

Sport Coaching Department, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jl. Colombo No.1 Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: Obesity, Exercises, Intensity

Abstract: The study aims to determine the effects of low-medium exercise intensity on body weight, body fat,

visceral, BMR, body age, Whole, cut, arm, leg, skole whole body exercises in obese sufferers. It can be used

to add references to audiences to try a healthy lifestyle by exercising. The study employed an experimental

method using a single group receiving treatment, then administered tests and measurements to determine the

body's response to obesity. The measurements of body composition include weight, body fat, visceral,

BMR, body age, whole subject, cut, arm, legs, skele throughout the body. From the test results, it can be

seen that T calculate from each variable > 0.05 (T-table) and large value significance probability value of

the whole variable > 0.05, then Ha is rejected, meaning that there is no exercise influence low-moderate

varying to the sufferers obesity.

1 INTRODUCTION

Intensity is a measure that indicates the quality of an

excitatory given during the exercise (stimulus in the

form of motion activity). Hidayat (1990) states that

"All explosive movements require great energy."

This means energy expenditure is an indication of

the intensity level of a job. About the intensity of

exercise by Moeloek (1984) explained, "intensity

exercises declare the weight of exercise". Later Chu

(1989:) states "Intensity is effort involved in

performing a given task". So, exercise intensity is

the magnitude of the workout load that must be

completed within a given time. To know an

intensity of exercise or workout is to measure the

heartbeat.

According to Andersen (1999) in general,

exercise intensity starts from 40 to 85% functional

capacity. In people with heart problems, exercise

intensity can be established between 40 and 60%

functional capacity. Duration of exercise can be set

according to one's response to exercise. For

example, a person must have felt recovered within

an hour of exercise. Apart from the intensity-setting

techniques and intensity levels selected, the exercise

intensity is an intensity that can be performed for 15

to 60 minutes. Basically, the final goal of

determining the intensity of the exercise is to give a

clue for someone about the intensity of the exercise

that will be able to provide maximum benefit to him

while minimizing the risk of injury (Slentz, 2004).

According to Suharto (1997:98), the exercise

intensity is a qualitative component that refers to the

amount of work performed in a given time unit. The

intensity of exercise can be highly-rated low based

on several indicators, including: 1) based on the

percentage of speed and strength used in the

exercise, 2) based on the amount of pulse in the

action of the exercise load. Intensity scale to

exercise speed and strength as follows (Suharno,

1993): (1) Super Maximum 101% – upward of the

best achievement, (2) maximum 100% of best

achievement, (3) Maximum sub 80% – 99% of the

best achievement, (4) medium 60% – 70% of Best

Achievement, (5) Low (low) 59% down from best

achievement. Bompa (1983), said that the intensity

level can be measured according to the type or form

of exercise. To exercise speed is measured in

meters/second from the execution of a movement,

while the intensity of the activity overcoming the

load can be measured in kilograms (kg), while for

team sports, it is based on the rhythm or tempo of

the game.

The intensity of exercise is the function of the

nerve stimulation force carried out in the exercise

Primasoni, N., Wicaksono, D., , S. and Pamungkas, O.

The Effect of Low-medium Intensity Training on Body Weight, Body Fat, Visceral, Bmr, Body Age, Whole Subjects, Trunck, Arm, Leg, Skele Whole Body in Obese Patients.

DOI: 10.5220/0009799606150618

In Proceedings of the 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science in conjunction with the 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports

(YISHPESS and CoIS 2019), pages 615-618

ISBN: 978-989-758-457-2

615

and the strength of stimulation depends on the load

speed of movement, variation of intervals or breaks

between each of them. An element that is not less

important is psychiatric pressure during exercise. So,

the intensity is not merely measured from the effort

done by the muscles only, but also the expenditure

of energy on the nerves during exercise (Bompa,

1994).

The intensity level can be measured according to

the training type. For exercises involving speed, it is

measured in meters per second about the average

movements performed for each minute. The

intensity of the activities used to resist resistance,

can be measured in kg or kg/m (one kg is lifted up as

high as 1 metre against the weight force), while for

team sports, the rhythm of the game can help to

measure its intensity. The intensity of exercise

differs from each other depending on the specificity

of the relevant sports branch (BOMPA, 1994).

The pulse rate is one of the indicators that can be

used to determine the intensity of exercise. The

pulse is a wave that can be felt in the arteries when

the blood is in the pump out of the heart. This pulse

is easily felt in a place where there is an artery

crossing (Sandi, 2016). The blood driven toward the

aortic cystol not only moves forward in the blood

vessels, but also creates a pressurized wave that runs

along the arteries (Kasenda et al,2014). Pulse

frequency can be measured by pressing the

radialistic arteries using the index finger tip and

middle finger until the maximum pulsation can be

detected (Bickley, 2013).

Low-intensity sports have several benefits and

weaknesses, including: 1) Suitable for people who

are just starting to exercise, people who are obese,

and people who are quite advanced, 2) taking long

time so it is suitable for those who Love to enjoy the

sport for a long time, 3) Good for athletes or people

who want to improve endurance skills, such as

marathon, 4) taking long time, so it is not suitable

for those who do not have much exercise time, 5) for

those who want to lose Weight loss, will experience

problems because according to the study of Wilson,

et al., those who perform low intensity only

experience temporary weight loss because the body's

metabolism has been adapted, 6) the risk of

experiencing muscle shrinkage due to lean muscle

many activations.

A number of experts and health institutes suggest

that daily exercise is done with moderate intensity

and adequate duration. It is medium intensity for

150 minutes in a week or high intensity sports for 75

minutes a week. This duration is with a 30-minute

sports pattern in one day for 5 days a week, or with

another division but with the same end result. This

figure applies if you are aiming to maintain health

and weight. However, if you exercise with the aim

of losing weight, it may take a different portion.

That is by increasing the exercise time so that

burning calories occurs even more. Just like the

medicine, weight and age are the determinants of

how much exercise you need.

Sports can be differentiated into three, among

including: light exercise, a person only exercising

during leisure time every week. The approximate

number of calories issued in this type only ranges

from 500 calories per week. In medium or moderate

exercise, exercises are at least over 3 days a week

with an average exercise period of 30 minutes, or

when calculated based on calories ranging from

1000-2000 calories per week. Meanwhile, heavy

exercise is depicted with a longer sport and heavier

than medium sports with energy spent reaching

2000-2500 calories per week.

Researchers from Imperial College London

compared the global Body Mass Index (BMI) of

nearly 20 million adults during the year 1975-2014

with data that the level of global obesity among men

rose tripled, from 3.2 percent to 10.8 press En. For

women, more than doubling, it is up from 6.4

percent to 14.9 percent. That means that there are

266 million men of obesity and 375 million obese

women in the world in the year 2014, with all

mankind increasing heavier 1.5 kilograms every

decade since the year 1975. Researchers found that

2.3 percent of men and 5 percent of women have

become very obese, which means they have a BMI

of more than 35 kilograms per square metre. Every

year the problem of obesity becomes a spotlight that

needs special attention to handle it. The problem of

obesity has become an urgent problem around the

world, especially developed and developing

countries. If the trend of obsity is not immediately

lowered, no death rate will be greater.

Body fat should be done by someone who wants

to lose weight or improve his condition. The body

fat scales provide a clear and accurate picture of

body composition, so that it can lose weight

effectively. Monitoring of body composition should

be done in various stages. Exercise and adjusting the

diet would result in the body fat percentage would

be reduced, however this does not mean it would

lose weight. Exercising the body would produce

more muscle. Muscles are also responsible for

weight loss. With the body fat scales or 14 monitor

body composition, it can track such developments.

Body fat is not the same as body mass. The majority

of our bodies are made up of water, muscles, and fat.

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

616

The percentage of body fat is a number that indicates

how much fat you have.

Visceral fat, or abdominal fat, is a type of body

fat that is in the stomach and surrounds the internal

organs. Different types of subcutaneous fats are

piled up under the skin, have less of a negative

impact on health and are easier to lose than visceral

fats. Visceral fat is associated with a number of

negative effects on health, including increased blood

pressure, dementia, heart disease, hormonal

imbalance, and insulin resistance, which can lead to

Diabetes type 2. Fat deposits actually act similarly to

the organ, and secrete substances affecting the

surrounding organs. It is thought that belly fat may

be very risky because it is near the main blood

vessel that carries blood to the liver from the whole

intestine. Some substances are excreted by fat,

especially loose fat cells, can be carried to the liver

and then affect the levels of fat and cholesterol in the

blood. Abdominal fat is also closely related to the

increase in LDL and decreased levels of HDL

cholesterol, as well as breast cancer, endometrial

cancer, and colorectal cancer. Measurements using

regular body scales have not been able to measure

other elements of the body's composition (in this

case, it is related to obesity). This consideration is

used by researchers to use a tool called Body Fat

Monitor.

Obesity is one of the sources/improve some

diseases, including: heart, stroke, high blood

pressure, cancer and many more. Given the danger

from obesity, it is necessary an attempt, a way to

prevent and overcome obesity. The need for a study

that could make the solution of obesity need to

continue to be studied from various angles, not only

from the medical corner, but from the angle of

nutrition, even sports science.

2 RESEARCH METHODS

2.1 Participants

Participants are generalization areas consisting of

objects / subjects that have certain qualities and

characteristics determined by researchers to be

studied and then conclusions are drawn. Population

in this study is Determination of the sample in this

study using purposive sampling techniques, namely

sample techniques with certain considerations

(Notoatmodjo: 2010)

2.2 Study Design

This study is experiment and uses descriptive

quantitative methods.

2.3 Data Collection technique

The data collection technique used test and

measurement. The analysis technique was done

using validity and reliability.

2.4 Statistical Analysis

The data collection technique used test and

measurement. The analysis technique was done

using validity and reliability

3 RESEARCH RESULT AND

DISCUSSION

After obtaining the data, the results were obtained.

Data obtained from these measurements were then

analysed. The data showed that:

Table 1: Data

Measurement

No BB BF VES BMR BMI BA SW

1 92 41.1 14 1696 33.8 55 39.4

2 93.5 40.9 13.5 1722 33.6 55 39.1

3 84.8 36.5 11.5 1626 31.9 49 35.5

4 69.3 38.9 9 1371 28.8 45 34.7

5 116.8 36 23.5 2258 38.1 61 26.3

Table 2: Data Measurement

NO TR ARM LEG SWB

1 56.9 56.9 56.7 21.9

2 34.6 56.9 56.1 22.1

3 30.8 49 47.5 24.6

4 30.9 54.5 52.1 22.2

5 25 36.5 37.2 27.4

An analysis of the data used to answer the

hypothesis proposed is the presence or absence of

the effect of low-moderate intensity exercise on

body weight, body fat, visceral, BMR, body age,

whole subject, trunck, arm, leg, whole body skele in

obese people. Based on the results of research that

has been obtained with data analysis and hypothesis

testing, it can be concluded that there is no

significant effect of low-moderate intensity exercise

on body weight, body fat, visceral, BMR, body age,

whole subject, trunck, arm, leg whole body skele in

obese people. Exercise that is done is not able to

The Effect of Low-medium Intensity Training on Body Weight, Body Fat, Visceral, Bmr, Body Age, Whole Subjects, Trunck, Arm, Leg,

Skele Whole Body in Obese Patients

617

provide a better change in obese people in weight,

bmr, bmi.

4 CONCLUSIONS

This research aims to determine the influence of

low-moderate intensity exercises on body weight,

body fat, visceral, BMR, body age, whole subject,

Trunck, arm, leg, whole body skele in obese

sufferers from T test results can be seen that T Count

of each variable > 0.05 (T-table) and large value

significance probability value of the whole variable

> 0.05, then Ha is rejected, meaning that there is no

influence of low-moderate intensity exercise against

body weight, body fat, visceral, BMR, body age,

Subject whole, Trunck, arm, leg, skele whole body

in obese sufferers.

Based on the results of the above studies, it

shows that low-moderate intensity exercises are not

able to contribute significantly to obese sufferers.

Low-moderate intensity exercises performed for five

times a week within an hour to a half hour of

training in a month have not shown a change in the

significant of weight of one's body.

The form of the given exercise must be adjusted

to the objectives to be achieved and the

specifications you want to improve. Low-intensity

exercises are aimed at providing treatment in obese

sufferers with a wide range of treatments to improve

overall fitness. The low-medium intensity exercises

in this study consist of several exercises and have

different items each post between: Push up, sit up,

leg curl, leg extension, bench press, Chest press,

squat, and sports-game sports Happy to make

obesity sufferers.

Many factors make a person able to lose weight.

Factors of physical activity and food factors become

the one to be aware of. Both factors go hand-in-hand

to lose weight. In this research, it is not in the

control of food assumptions that are consumption of

obesity. This can also make the factor less

significant in declining weight. In addition, the

psychological guidance factors can also be done in

losing weight. Weight cannot be deducted in an

instant way, but slowly and continue. The correct

exercise and diet program would be very helpful in

weight loss programs. However, it is important to

note that there is an unaltered genetic factor that also

plays a role in obesity.

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2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

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