Implementation of University Press Management to Publish

Scientifific Work toward World Class University: Study at

Universities in Java and Bali Island

Budhi Setiawan, Kundharu Saddhono, and Rio Devilito

Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: University Press, Management, Universities in Java and Bali Island.

Abstract: The purpose of this research is the implementation of university press management to publish scientific

work toward world class university: study at universities in Java and Bali island. This management can

encourage university press become a productive unit, independent, professional, and can publish intellectual

property assets of university, can produce quality products and useful for the community as well as useful in

the development of science, technology, and the arts. To achieve that goal, the method that be used is a

descriptive qualitative research by doing a focus group discussions, seminar, workshops, and training. The

results of the target is the development of the model of the management of internal and external conditions

that affect the university press in Java and Bali. The final target at this stage was a prototype of the model

development universities industry based on the situation of scientific work. This management also can

developing models of universities press industry in managing to publish scientific work toward world class

university.

1 INTRODUCTION

The problems faced by university press are generally

change of leader, management weaknesses, funding

and tool restrictions, manuscript problems, as well as

internal problems related to institution neglect of the

importance of college publisher institution existence.

Another problem resulted in university press

inability to compete private publisher is its

sensitivity of market desires. However, the more

global and complex problem is specifically from

writing habit itself. This has been discussed

Congress I of Indonesia Higher Education Publisher

Association (APPTI) in Universitas Sebelas Maret,

Surakarta (September, 2011) which is continued in

Universitas Brawijaya, Malang (2012) and

Politeknik Media Kreatif, Jakarta (2013).

Human quality resource in university press is one

of important problems which get university press

less developed. It is reflected by work principle,

quality and product appearances. For example, cover

book design and layout published by university press

generally lookls clumsy and uninteresting.

Consequently, people don’t want to buy it because

of uninteresting appearance, even the content is

good,. University press conditions in Java and Bali

also show the same. There were some problems

required to pay attention in terms of management

and development. Hence, the study related to

university press management and development

model in Java and Bali needs to conduct for

achieving productive university press and supporting

tri dharma of higher education comprehensively,

especially in publishing higher education intellectual

assets.

Publication is one of important sectors

compulsorily conducted by academicians. The

academicians give contribution for publication

sector in terms of scientific book, textbook,

monograph, journal, etc. Consequently, they have an

opportunity to share their thought and idea to society

in higher education environment or beyond. Higher

education has an important role in giving

opportunities and wide spaces for academicians to

publish their scientific works in academicians’

affiliation publisher. In accordance to university

press, higher education is considered as gatekeepers

of ideas or primary gate keeper of scientific

publication which gives contribution in not only

producing books but also taking responsible of

creating scientific community (Core, 1976; Ishaq,

2006). It indicates that book is an effective medium

to increase intelligence which is effectively done in

the place supporting intelligence development.

Therefore, book is the input and output of collective

412

Setiawan, B., Saddhono, K. and Devilito, R.

Implementation of University Press Management to Publish Scientiﬁﬁc Work toward World Class University: Study at Universities in Java and Bali Island.

DOI: 10.5220/0009022000002297

In Proceedings of the Borneo International Conference on Education and Social Sciences (BICESS 2018), pages 412-416

ISBN: 978-989-758-470-1

intelligence, and the role of university press is to

produce a quality and beneficial book.

University press is originally created with spirit

and intention to support tri dharma of higher

education implementation (Abrar, 2006a). To realize

that purpose, university press begins publishing

reading textbook. By publishing this kind of book,

university press is expectedly able to reinforce tri

dharma of higher education implementation, related

to education and teaching. Besides, the writers are

expectedly the lecturers who teach in higher

education, where the publisher is organized. The

second is research result conducted by lecturer and

student. Consequently, it can be socialized to

society. This publication also supports the success of

the second dharma of higher education in terms of

research. The third is popular scientific books about

practical skill. While the first and second books are

distributed in society located in and beyond higher

education environment, the the third book is more

than that. This book is usually used by students

while Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) or Learning

through Real Work in dedication for village and it is

compatible with the third dharma related to

dedication.

In relation to university press management

paradigm as learning organization organized

holistically and systematically, Abrar states three

important things as references for maintaining and

developing higher education publisher in the future

(Abrar, 2006b). They are (1) publication as an effort

to construct society based science, (2) publication as

an effort to anticipate science outburst, and (3)

publisher as a higher education pillar.

Globalization has contributed changes in terms

of accessing science. Due to sophisticated

communication and information technology, society

can access science from various disciplines.

Consequently, it decreases society dependency over

conventional books. However, this condition doesn’t

become a huge problem for university press as long

as society based science can be constructed, with

reference to (1) critical, being able to differentiate

good and bad books, readable and unreadable books,

(2) skeptical, willing to believe in information

distributed, (3) open, willing to be open-minded to

all values come, and (4) universal, always using

universal parameter in working.

University press must contribute in

constructing society based science. It has to be done

by publishing text book, reading textbook, reference

books, and report of research books. Those books

can give information about science to society.

Moreover, those can stimulate society to adapt

reality about science progress. However, the

published books are available only in a small

amount, presented uninterestingly and distributed in

a small range, so books from university press cannot

compete books from private publisher.

Consequently, university press has to sell book

directly. Besides, university press can make

collaboration with mass media to promote books.

While society need mass media, information

distributed by mass media always become

interesting. Therefore, information about scientific

books in mass media will stimulate society to find it

out and to buy it.

2 METHODOLOGY

The approach of this study was descriptive

qualitative. It aims to describe university press

development model in higher education in Central

Java. Besides, the study also employed Focus Group

Discussion (FGD), seminar, workshop and training.

Research subjects included: (1) institution related to

university press, Pusgrafin as University press coach

in Indonesia, Indonesia University Press Association

(AUPI) and Indonesia Higher Education Publisher

Association (APPTI), (2) university press in Central

Java higher education with reference to Graphic and

Media Directory 2007-2008 (Pusgrafin, 2007: 325-

329), including UNS Press (Surakarta), UNNES

Press (Semarang), UMS Press (Surakarta), ISI Press

(Solo), UNDIP Press (Semarang), Unsoed Press

(Purwokerto), Gama Press (Yogyakarta) and UNY

Press (Yogyakarta); and (3) personnel involved in

university press including higher education

chairperson, lecturer, university press chairperson

and staff, as well as students.

Source of data included informants, events and

documents. (1) Informants were university press

supervisor, university chairperson, lecturer,

university press chairperson and staffs as well as

student. (2) Events were the events related to

university press management in central java in terms

of publication process preparation, pra-publication,

publication process and pasca publication process.

(3) Documents referred to written information

including (a) university press products, (b)

management activity tools and university press work

mechanism, and (3) interview result transcriptions.

Regarding to source of data above, technique

of data collection employed questionnaire, in-depth

interview, observation and content analysis. (1)

Questionnaire was used to obtain data about

informants’ perception. (2) In-depth interview was

involved informants. (3) Observation was conducted

to obtain data related to university press activity and

Implementation of University Press Management to Publish Scientiﬁﬁc Work toward World Class University: Study at Universities in Java

and Bali Island

413

management in central Java by directly observing

research object. (4) Content analysis was done by

analyzing written information from documents, in

terms of explicit and implicit information.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1 University Press Management

The study about university press has been conducted

by Saddhono from Research and Development

Institute (Balitbalng) of UNS Press entitled

“Pengembangan UNS Press Menjadi Unit yang

Mandiri dan Produktif (UNS Press Development to

be independent and productive unit/institution)

(Saddhono, 2009).” It related to UNS Press

management about internally self-development. It

discussed about UNS Press reposition with new

paradigm of management to be more independent,

professional and productive. With reference to

professional management, UNS is expected to be

one of units in Universitas Sebelas Maret which can

give profit. Therefore, the present study is only

related to UNS Press internal management,

including administration, pra publication,

publication and pasca publication units.

Besides, the present study is also relevant to another

previous study entitiled “Kesalahan Pemakaian

Bahasa pada Buku Karya Dosen Universitas Sebelas

Maret (Kajian Buku Program Buku Teks 2004-

2009)” The Errors of Language Use in Books

written by Lecturer of Universitas Sebelas Maret (A

Program Book Study of 2004-2009 Textbooks). The

study analyzed books published in UNS Press

collaborating with Institute of Education and

Development in UNS. It investigated certain

language use related to editorial management and

the present research. The result showed that there

were errors and non-standardized language used.

Consequently, the firmer editing is required, in

relation to content, language and presentation

editing. It supported the present research of

university press management, especially editorial

management. If language use errors can be solved,

the books will get a positive impact. Besides, books

will be more attracting in terms of language use and

it directly or indirectly will improve book quality.

The study related to university press

management was entitled “Peran Penyunting Buku

Menuju Manajemen Redaksional Modern (The Role

of Book Editor in Achieving Modern Editorial

Management)” (Saddhono, & Sumedi, 2008). It

investigated editor role of publication management

in university press. It indicated that the good and bad

quality of books depends on an editor. His/her jobs

are related to not only book content but also the

more complex things. It is illustrated as the present

study conducted. Editor begins working at the time

when the manuscript is submitted to university

press. It implies that editor works from manuscript

assessment phase. In this phase, editor makes

coordination with pra publication, publication

process, pasca publication units. Henceforth, an

editor plays an important role in book publication.

Moreover, chairperson or director or the

number one who manages the publisher also plays

an important role. There are many challenges to be a

chairperson of university press. It is related to how

s/he handle writers, his/her reaction in facing science

and technology development, etc.

Furthermore, the required characteristics as

university press chairperson is willing to find out the

qualified manuscript to publish. Although lecturer in

home-based university has less interest in

publication, chairperson has to be optimistic. It can

be done by looking it out in another higher

education. However, it will be peculiar if

chairperson himself never publishes any books.

Chairperson’s skill in writing book will be a magnet

for another writers. If chairperson never writes any

books, s/he doesn’t experience how hard a writer

finish a manuscript with all struggle in it.

3.2 University Press Profile

A good university press have goals required to fulfill

within a certain time. They are vision and mission.

As an organization, university press must have

vision and mission for university press development.

Both vision and mission cannot be separated. Vision

is the ability to see the foresight related to target to

be achieved within in certain time. Therefore, vision

restrictedly deals with insight without action.

Besides, mission refers to planning phase of events

(actions) which will be conducted to realize vision.

Every university press must have vision and

mission as a guideline and policy determination in

academic publications like university press in Java

and Bali. Each university press has vision and

mission indicating the future goals. University press

in Bali takes mission priority to increase capacity

and capability, to optimize science and technology

utilization for supporting quality service,

strengthening academic habit, scientific work, social

networking in national, regional and international

areas. Besides, Udayana press specifically

maximizes mission in internal aspect to create

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academic atmosphere through increasing motivation,

passion of reading and writing books among civitas

academicians of Universitas Udayana. In external

aspect, publishing books aims to create intellectual

image and reputation of Universitas Udayana that

gives spirit of enlightment as a concrete and

continued dedication for society. In international

aspect, it supports Universitas Undaya effort to be a

World Class University like Universitas Sebelas

Maret through publishing quality, innovative and

international books.

3.3 Feature Program

Among university press in Central Java and Special

Region of Yogyakarta (DIY), Gajah Mada

University Press (GMUP) is the most successful

publisher. Since created in 1971, GMUP has

published about 1500 books and mostly been used in

higher education level, not only in Universitas Gajah

Mada but also in international higher education. This

cannot be separated from feature program of

university press management.

Muhammadiyah University Press (MUP) also

begins to consider recent publication market

development for realizing its feature program by

developing its role as a publisher, even MUP has no

own printing mechine. This effort begins in

recruiting professional layout workers. MUP role is

expanded by distributing publication in book stores,

as a market target of MUP products. Consequently,

society can reach MUP products widely, and MUP

and Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS)

are known. Besides, MUP also utilizes service

provider sector in terms of websites in seminar or

call for paper organized through online system. This

step is done to help UMS in organizing scientific

activity with a good standard.

The next example of university press

management is Universitas Sebelas Maret,

Surakarta. The steps for writing higher education

books developed in UNS is the inspirative ones. The

first phase is to determine book as reference.

Reference can be seen as an ideal example or book

model. The existence of book will encourage others

to write, in terms of book content or others. There

are many knowledge containing in reference book,

not only from book content itself but also from

language use which can be utilized as an example

for writing higher education book. The second phase

is to exploit interesting and communicative language

use. Language as a medium to determine book

quality. Language use in book must be readable and

natural. Consequently, writer is required to have

good reading comprehension. Besides, writing must

be done totally and intend to contribute various

fields of science. Moreover, skill of mastering the

content must be good because the analysis will be

deeper and focus. Furthermore, there is a need to add

some interesting part like inspirative illustration or

stories. This can stimulate both reader’ right and left

brain to work equally, and reader will comprehend

all contain of book holistically, in terms of written

and visual language. Consequently, writing book

which can function all area of brain is required,

because book is not only for entertaining but also for

making reader clever. University press in Bali has

the strengths to publish national and international

levels of books through maximizing art field and

local wisdom which simultaneously contributes

scientific and education aspects which are

compatible with higher education need.

4 CONCLUSIONS

University press is the most important pillar in

implementing Tri Dharma of higher education and

has a vital role in publishing and distributing higher

education intellectual asset to wide society. The

good management will make university press

professional. The very aspects required to pay

attention are related to (1) manuscript, including

manuscript requirement, manuscript source,

manuscript determination, manuscript

administration, copyright and publication agreement,

as well as ISBN/ISSN; (2) production unit

management, including manuscript production

process (pra-publication, publication process, post-

publication) and production cost; (3) marketing and

distribution unit management; including market and

marketing, stocking, marketing link and distribution;

and (4) administration and funding unit

management. Universitas Sebelas Maret has proved

well-managed publication will give a possitive

impact to higher education. Besides, the academic

atmosphere will always spread in all publication

activities. However, every policy has both positive

and negative aspects, so the program must be

investigated for the future improvement.

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