Effectiveness Oxytocin Massage to Colostrum Release for Post

Partum Pervaginam in Coastal Area of Surabaya

Hidayatus Sya’diyah, Sukma Ayu Candra Kirana, Navy Retno Octaviana W

Institute of Health Science, Hang Tuah Surabay, Indonesia

Keywords: Oxytocin Massage, Colostrum Release.

Abstract: Colostrum is a breastmilk that is produced some time after the baby is born until the day of the third or fourth,

the color is more yellow and more viscous than breast milk. The phenomenon that occurs in the community

lack of knowledge about Early Breastfeeding Initiation so that mothers who have not issued a colostrum

directly provide formula milk to the baby. Design of this research used Pre-Experimental design. The

population in this study was postpartum mother who had not released colostrum. The research sampling

technique used Non probability sampling with purposive sampling counted 6 mother. Independent variable

in this research was oxytocin massage and dependent variable was the time of release of colostrum on vaginal

postpartum mother. Instrument of questionnaire research on demography. Data were analyzed with Paired

Samples T-Test.The results of this study found that the effect of oxytocin massage on postpartum vaginal

mother who has not issued a colostrum with the result ρ = 0.001. Results obtained by postpartum vaginal

mothers who have not released colostrum with ρ = 0.001. The implications of this study are the effect of

oxytocin massage with colostrum release. Factors that affect breastfeeding of working mothers, stressful

mothers, scuffed nipples, increased promotion of infant formula. As a task nurse we should educate the public

about the importance of colostrum for the baby's immunity.

1 BACKGROUND

Colostrum is a mother's milk that is produced some

time after the baby is born until day three or fourth,

the color is more yellow and more viscous than the

milk (Siti Nur Khamzah, 2012). Colostrum will

stimulate the formation of immune system to function

as active and passive immunization (Dwi Sunar

Prasetyo, 2009). Colostrum can serve as an ideal

laxative for cleansing unused substances from the

newborn's gut, and prepares the baby's food digestive

tract for future food (Siti Nur Khamzah, 2012). Breast

Milk (breast milk) is the first, main and best food for

babies, which is natural. Breast milk is an ideal source

of nutrition with a balanced composition and in

accordance with the needs of infant growth, which

has good quality and quantity. Breast milk contains

nutrients such as Colostrum, Protein, Fat, Lactose,

Vitamin A, Iron needed for baby's brain growth.

Breastfeeding (Mother's Milk) must be given to

newborns to infants aged 6 months. The first 6 month

old baby purely consumes breast milk where

breastfeeding is given exclusively which still contains

Colostrum.

Survey results of Indonesia Demographic and

Health Institution (SDKI) 2013 Exclusive

breastfeeding increased to 42% compared to 2012 as

much as 32%. Data by Basic Health Research

(Riskesdas) 2010 percentage of infants exclusively

breastfed for up to 6 months was 15.3%. Early

initiation of breastfeeding less than 1 hour after birth

was 29.3%, highest in NTT (East Nusa Tenggara)

56.2% and lowest in Maluku 13.0%. Most

breastfeeding takes place in the range of 1-6 hours

after birth but still 11.1% of the process begins to be

breastfed after 48 hours. Colostrum is quite well done

by 74.7% of mothers to their babies. Provision of

infant formula in newborn in South Sulawesi is

45,90% and that gives honey 16,20%. Based on

preliminary study results that have been done by

researchers there are 5 of 15 mothers who do

breastfeeding first after giving birth.

The low level of exclusive breastfeeding in

Indonesia is due to the minimal socialization of early

breastfeeding initiation and the awareness and

knowledge of the community on the importance of

exclusive breastfeeding. According to the Director

General of Nutrition and MCH (2011), the main

Sya’diyah, H., Kirana, S. and Octaviana W, N.

Effectiveness Oxytocin Massage to Colostrum Release for Post Partum Pervagina in Coastal Area of Surabaya.

DOI: 10.5220/0008328605630566

In Proceedings of the 9th International Nursing Conference (INC 2018), pages 563-566

ISBN: 978-989-758-336-0

563

problem of low breastfeeding in Indonesia is the

socio-cultural factors, the lack of knowledge of

mothers, families and the community about the

importance of breastfeeding, and the health ranks that

have not fully supported breastfeeding. In addition,

other factors cause the mother does not provide

breastfeeding for the baby because the lack of

encouragement from families such as husbands or

parents can relax the mother's spirit to breastfeed and

reduce the mother's motivation to breastfeed alone, so

that mothers prefer milk cans as a substitute for breast

milk. Other causes of mothers not giving breast milk

are abnormal nipples or nipples are injured, also

caused by increased stress on the mother giving birth.

Increased stress causes the hormone cortisol also

increases. As a result, with the increase of the

hormone cortisol causes the production of the

hormone oxytocin to be inhibited. The inhibition of

the hormone oxytocin affects a small amount of

breast milk release. Minor breastfeeding can be

overcome with oxytocin massage.

The oxytocin massage is a spinal massage action

from the 5th to the scapula that will speed up the work

of the parasympathetic nerves to deliver the command

to the back of the brain so that oxytocin is released

(Suherni et al, 2010). As Lun et al (2002) writes in the

European Journal of Neuroscience, that repeated

massage treatment can increase the production of the

hormone oxytocin. The effects of the oxytocin

massage itself can be seen in reaction after 6-12 hours

of massage (Lun, et al 2002).

2 METHODS

The design of this research is One-Group Pre test-

Post test Desaign with Purposive Sampling

techniques. The variable of this reasearch is oxytocin

massage and colostrum exposure on postvoline

postpartum mothers. The research instrument

consisted of SOP oxytocin massager, demographic

data quizard and colostrum discharge observation

sheet. this study aims to determine the effect of

oxytocin massage on the expenditure of colostrum on

the vaginal postpartum mother before and after the

oxytocin massage. The collected data will be

presented in the form of cross tabs tested using Paired

T-Test samples.

3 RESULTS

Table 1: Effect of colostrum release prior to the

administration of oxytocin massage in the Pomegranate

Midwife Practice of Coastal Area of Surabaya on March 6-

April 27, 2017,(n = 6).

Mean

Sdt. Dev.

min-

max

Release of

colostrum before

in the oxytocin

massage

1.33

.516

0-5cc

Table 2: Effect of colostrum release following the

administration of oxytocin massage in the Pomegranate

Midwife Practice of the Coastal Area of Surabaya on March

6-April 27, 2017.

Mean

Std. Dev.

min-max

Release of

colostrum after in

the oxytocin

massage

2,83

.408

>5cc

Table 3: Effect of colostrum release on oxytocin massage

in Puskesmas Delima Practice Surabaya Coastal Area on

March 6-April 27, 2017.

Mean

Min-

Max

Std

Deviasi

Release of

colostrum

before

treatment

1,33

0-5 cc

516

.001

Release of

colostrum

after

treatment

2,83

> 5 cc

408

Effect of colostrum release prior to the administration

of oxytocin massage in the Pomegranate Midwife

Practice of Coastal Area of Surabaya on March 6-

April 27, 2017, (n = 6). shows that from 6 respondents

the average of colostrum release before treatment is

1.33 cc, and min-max is 0-5 cc, the standard deviation

is 516.

Effect of colostrum release following the

administration of oxytocin massage in the

Pomegranate Midwife Practice of the Coastal Area of

Surabaya on March 6-April 27, 2017, (n = 6). Shows

that of the 6 colostrum release respondents the

increase in colostrum release after treatment was 2.83

cc, and the min-max release was > 5 cc standard

deviation was 408.

Effect of colostrum release on oxytocin massage

in Puskesmas Delima Practice Surabaya Coastal Area

on March 6-April 27, 2017, (n = 6) shows that of 6

respondents in Practice Midwife Delima Coastal

Area of Surabaya city average value of release of

colostrum before giving of massage of oxytocin is

1,33 with lowest colostrum release 0 cc, and highest

INC 2018 - The 9th International Nursing Conference: Nurses at The Forefront Transforming Care, Science and Research

564

is 5 cc, mean value after administration of the

oxytocin massage was 2.83 with the lowest colostrum

excretion <5 cc, and the highest > 5 cc.

Colostrum release after the administration of

oxytocin massage has increased colostrum release. In

addition, it can be seen that from the statistical test

using Paired Samples Test T-Test with a significance

level of 95% (ɑ = 0.05) obtained value of ρ = 0.001.

It shows that ρ <0,05 meaning that there is influence

of giving of oxytocin massage to increase of

colostrum release in Practice Delima Midwife

Surabaya Coastal Area.

4 DISCUSSION

The data on colostrum release shows that from 6

respondents the average of colostrum release before

treatment is 1.33 cc, and the lowest colostrum release

is 0 cc and the highest colostrum release is 5 cc. The

standard deviation is 516. Obtained respondents who

took colostrum as much as 0 cc amounted to 4 people

and respondents who secreted colostrum as much as

<5 cc as many as 2 people. (Guyton, 2007) mentions

that massage or stimulation of the spine

neurotransmiter will stimulate the medulla oblongata

send messages to hypotalamus dihipofise posterior

releasing oxytocin which causes the breast to expel

milk with a spinal area massage will also relax the

tension and relieve stress and so the hormone

oxytocin out and will help the release of breast milk,

assisted with the baby's sucking on the nipple as soon

as the baby is born with normal baby state. Found in

respondents 4 mothers who become housewives and

2 people who work, in mothers who do not work

spending more colostrum than working mothers.

This is done by the research done (Dr. MHD

Arifin, 2004) which states that the post partum mother

who work has a social busyness. Increased levels of

women's participation in the labor force and their

emancipation in all areas of work and in the needs of

society leads to a decrease in the willingness of

breastfeeding. According to research conducted by

(Rani Juliastuti, 2011) that a mother who does not

work can be said to be a mother who only performs

his function as a housewife and spends much of her

time at home without being tied to work outside the

home so have ample opportunity to be able to perform

breast care. While the mother who works outside the

home does not have much opportunity to do breast

care so that when post partum colostrum can not get

out.

There are several factors that affect the release of

ASI, namely: (a) psychological factors:

harmoniousness in the family, the inner peace of a

mother in giving milk for her child. If the mother is

depressed, anxious, and there is a problem or does not

have the support of the husband, will affect the

release of breast milk. (b) knowledge factor: lack of

counseling to the community, one of the factors is due

to lack of officers so that the public lacks knowledge

and encouragement about the benefits of

breastfeeding (Mochtar, 2007) by providing

information in ways of healthy living, and how to

avoid harm will increase public knowledge about it

(Soekidjo, 2007). (c) Socio-Economy: The influence

of the environment or advertising, working career

women will be difficult to set the time to breastfeed

her baby. (d) Other factors: Increased promotion of

canned milk as a companion of breast milk (PASI),

illumination or even false suggestion which

originated from the mistake officer himself who

advocated to use PASI, baby refused when breastfed

because since birth day was first introduced PASI by

health personnel so babies become confused nipples

(Moctar, 2007).

The research shows that of the 6 respondents

colostrum release experienced an increase in the

average increase in colostrum is 2.83 cc, and the

lowest colostrum release <5 cc is and the highest is >

5 cc. The standard deviation obtained is 408. The

benefits derived from the treatment of oxytocin

massage is to increase breast milk, facilitate breast

milk, help the mother psychologically, soothing, and

not stress (Anik, 2016). According to researchers in

addition to the benefits contained in the back massage

(massageoksitosin) there is motivation from the

family, the husband who always motivate.

From interviews to mothers, most mothers do

not yet know what the oxytocin massage is.

According to (Endah, 2011) in post partum mothers,

not all breastfeeding directly because breast milk

release is a very complex interaction between

mechanical stimuli, nerves and various hormones that

affect the release of oxytocin. Expulsion of the

hormone oxytocin in addition influenced by baby

sucking is also influenced by receptors located in the

ductal system, when the ducts widen or become soft

then the reflectoris issued oxytocin by the pituitary

that plays a role to squeeze milk from the alveoli.

Results of research at the practice of midwife

Pomegranate Area Surabaya showed that 6

respondents the average value of increased release of

colostrum before the massage oxytocin 1.33 cc.

According to (Endah, 2011) in post partum mothers,

not all breastfeeding directly because breast milk

release is a very complex interaction between

mechanical stimuli, nerves and various hormones that

Effectiveness Oxytocin Massage to Colostrum Release for Post Partum Pervagina in Coastal Area of Surabaya

565

affect the release of oxytocin. Expulsion of the

hormone oxytocin in addition influenced by baby

sucking is also influenced by receptors located in the

ductal system, when the ducts widen or become soft

then the reflectoris issued oxytocin by the pituitary

that plays a role to squeeze milk from the alveoli.

Through a massage or stimulation of the spine, the

neurotransmitter will stimulate the medulla oblogata

to send a message directly to the hypothalamus in the

hypofise to release oxytocin causing the breasts to

release their milk. This spinal massage also relaxes

the tension and relieves stress and so the oxytocin

hormone comes out and will help with breastfeeding,

assisted by baby sucking on the nipple as soon as the

baby is born with a normal baby (Anik, 2016).

5 CONCLUSIONS

There is an effect of oxytocin massage on the release

of colostrum on the vaginal postpartum mother.

Postpartum colostrum of the vagina prior to the

oxytocin massage is 1.33 cc. Most postpartum vaginal

mothers in Practice Midwife Pomegranate Surabaya

after doing the massage oxytocin can expend

colostrum as much as 2.83 cc.

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