Advances in APOE-Targeted Therapies for Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Current Research

Xuanhui Quan

2025

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, is characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, and lipid imbalances, with the APOE4 allele being a major genetic risk factor. Recent therapeutic advances include APOE4-targeted strategies such as small molecules, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, and immunotherapies, alongside monoclonal antibodies that reduce Aβ plaques but pose safety risks. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) enhance drug delivery, while anti-inflammatory approaches and lipid regulators address multiple pathways. However, no therapy fully cures AD, and challenges like low gene-editing efficiency limit clinical translation. This review analyzes APOE4’s role in AD pathology and evaluates therapies targeting Aβ, tau, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. Findings reveal monoclonal antibodies offer short-term cognitive benefits with safety trade-offs, lipid regulators show broader mechanistic potential, and neuroinflammation strategies integrate drug and lifestyle interventions. Combined approaches, such as Aβ clearance with lipid restoration, demonstrate cooperative promise. This article emphasizes APOE4’s centrality and advocates for personalized therapies based on genetic profiles. Future research could prioritize optimizing gene-editing systems, refining the delivery efficiency of LNPs, and investigating synergistic interactions between neuroinflammation and lipid metabolism. These directions can advance multi-target therapeutic strategies, offering innovative approaches to address fundamental mechanisms in AD.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Quan X. (2025). Advances in APOE-Targeted Therapies for Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Current Research. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Food Science - Volume 1: BEFS; ISBN 978-989-758-789-4, SciTePress, pages 105-111. DOI: 10.5220/0014401600004933

in Bibtex Style

@conference{befs25,
author={Xuanhui Quan},
title={Advances in APOE-Targeted Therapies for Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Current Research},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Food Science - Volume 1: BEFS},
year={2025},
pages={105-111},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0014401600004933},
isbn={978-989-758-789-4},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Food Science - Volume 1: BEFS
TI - Advances in APOE-Targeted Therapies for Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Current Research
SN - 978-989-758-789-4
AU - Quan X.
PY - 2025
SP - 105
EP - 111
DO - 10.5220/0014401600004933
PB - SciTePress