Hybrid Graph Neural Network and Capsule Network Model for Lung Disease Diagnosis

Radha J, Santhosh T K, Sivashankar C M, Vignesh K

2025

Abstract

Despite advancements in technology, the diagnosis of lung diseases like pneumonia, tuberculosis, and lung cancer remains a significant concern for worldwide health. The paper introduces a new hybrid approach that uses Graph Neural Networks (GNN) and Capsule Network (CapsNet) to address the challenges of combining structured data with unstructured data. By creating a disease-symptom graph, the GNN component is utilized to model complex relationships in structured patient data and enhance understanding and prediction of disease progression. CapsNet simultaneously processes the unstructured image data, capturing hierarchical spatial characteristics that enhance the model's interpretation and performance. The integration of these two aspects enhances the categorization of lung diseases, leading to a more precise and comprehensive diagnostic model. The LIDC-IDRI lung CT scan dataset and the NIH ChestX-ray14 dataset are two publicly available datasets that serve as models for the proposed system's evaluation. According to experimental evidence, the hybrid GNN + CapsNet model is significantly better than both traditional CNN and Transformer-based models. Specifically, we have found that our approach to multi-class lung disease classification is much more accurate than existing methods. In this paper, they highlight the novel integration of graph-based learning for structured data and capsule networks for image analysis, which exceeds current diagnostic models.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

J R., T K S., C M S. and K V. (2025). Hybrid Graph Neural Network and Capsule Network Model for Lung Disease Diagnosis. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Research and Development in Information, Communication, and Computing Technologies - ICRDICCT`25; ISBN 978-989-758-777-1, SciTePress, pages 238-243. DOI: 10.5220/0013880700004919

in Bibtex Style

@conference{icrdicct`2525,
author={Radha J and Santhosh T K and Sivashankar C M and Vignesh K},
title={Hybrid Graph Neural Network and Capsule Network Model for Lung Disease Diagnosis},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Research and Development in Information, Communication, and Computing Technologies - ICRDICCT`25},
year={2025},
pages={238-243},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0013880700004919},
isbn={978-989-758-777-1},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Research and Development in Information, Communication, and Computing Technologies - ICRDICCT`25
TI - Hybrid Graph Neural Network and Capsule Network Model for Lung Disease Diagnosis
SN - 978-989-758-777-1
AU - J R.
AU - T K S.
AU - C M S.
AU - K V.
PY - 2025
SP - 238
EP - 243
DO - 10.5220/0013880700004919
PB - SciTePress