Analysis of Coordinated Development of Tourism and New

Urbanization in Anhui Province based on Entropy Weight-TOPSIS

Yu Zhang

and KaiLi Hao

Department of Applied Economics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, China

Department of Environmental Design, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, China

Keywords: New Urbanization, Tourism, Coupling Coordination, Entropy Weight-TOPSIS.

Abstract: Taking the data of tourism industry and new urbanization in Anhui Province from 2006 to 2018 as the research

object, this paper calculates the comprehensive development index by entropy weight-TOPSIS, and analyzes

the coupling coordination relationship between tourism and new urbanization combined with coupling

coordination degree model. The results show that the comprehensive development level of tourism and new

urbanization in Anhui Province has been significantly improved from 2006 to 2018, with fluctuations in

individual years.There is a strong coupling effect between the two, and the degree of coupling coordination

is increasing year by year, from mild imbalance to good coordination, and the degree of development from

the lag of new urbanization to the lag of tourism, which indicates that the two are gradually penetrating, but

the promotion relationship of integration and coordinated development has not been fully established.

1 INTRODUCTION

Since the 70th anniversary of the founding of the

People's Republic of China, the scale and speed of

urbanization in China have reached a record high.

However, in the process of traditional urbanization,

problems such as excessive expansion of scale,

shrinking environmental resources, lack of public

facilities and decline of traditional culture have

become increasingly prominent (Dou 2015).

Therefore, the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012

proposed to "take the new path of urbanization with

Chinese characteristics", promoting the coordinated

development of large, medium and small cities and

towns, and the integration of industries and towns. In

this context, tourism, as an industry with strong

relevance, is one of the most important new driving

forces in promoting the construction of new

urbanization. However, since the relationship

between the development elements of urbanization

and urban tourism is not always one-way or positive

effect, the coupling and coordinated development

relationship between the two is a problem that the

local government must pay attention to and consider.

Based on the literature review, the research

methods of domestic scholars on the relationship

between tourism development and new urbanization

are mostly qualitative research and logical reasoning,

and the content mainly focuses on the interaction

between rural tourism, regional tourism, tourism-

related industries and new urbanization construction.

In recent years, more and more scholars have begun

to demonstrate the coupling mode and coordination

relationship between the two from different research

perspectives, such as industry generation cycle,

spatio-temporal difference (Fu 2017) and industry-

city integration (Zhang 2016), combining TOPSIS

(Luo 2008), entropy method, coupling coordination

model (Pang 2014) and other quantitative analysis

methods.

2 STUDY AREA AND RESEARCH

METHODS

2.1 Overview of the Study Area

Anhui Province is located in central China, straddling

the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, covering an area

of 139,400 square kilometers, accounting for 1.45%

of the country (Liu 2013). Since the "12th Five-Year

Plan", the urbanization level of Anhui Province has

been rapidly and continuously improved, and has

begun to enter the city-led society, the network urban

Zhang, Y. and Hao, K.

Analysis of Coordinated Development of Tourism and New Urbanization in Anhui Province based on Entropy Weight-TOPSIS.

DOI: 10.5220/0011156400003440

In Proceedings of the International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management (BDEDM 2022), pages 41-46

ISBN: 978-989-758-593-7

system has basically formed, and the ability of urban

sustainable development has been significantly

improved. The local tourism resources have unique

advantages, especially since the government

formulated the tourism development strategy, the

comprehensive strength of tourism has risen

substantially. Transportation infrastructure and

reception service facilities have been significantly

improved, tourism economic income and the number

of tourists have been increasing, and the benefits of

tourism people's livelihood have been significantly

improved.

However, there is a relative lack of discussion on

the coupled and coordinated development of tourism

and new urbanization in Anhui Province, and there is

still room for in-depth research.

2.2 Research Methods

2.2.1 Entropy Weight-TOPSIS Method

Entropy weight-TOPSIS is an improvement of the

traditional TOPSIS evaluation method, which

involves entropy weight method and TOPSIS

respectively, but its core lies in TOPSIS. Specifically,

the entropy weight method is firstly used to determine

the weight of each evaluation index, and then

TOPSIS is used to obtain the approximate program

value of each evaluation object, which is used to

judge and measure the ranking of the evaluation

object.

2.2.2 Coupling Coordination Degree Model

Due to the differences in the development level of the

two subsystems of tourism and new urbanization, the

development level of the two subsystems will be low,

but the coupling degree will be high. In order to avoid

this illusion, the coordination degree model of

tourism and new urbanization is introduced to

objectively reflect the coordinated development

degree of the two subsystems (Gao 2013), calculated

as follows:

(1)

Where C is the coupling degree of the two

subsystems; C1 and C2 are the comprehensive

evaluation indexes of new urbanization and tourism

respectively. D is the coupling coordination degree; α

and β reflect the importance of the two subsystems.

According to previous research experience, they are

set to 0.5 respectively. According to D value, the

degree and type of system coupling coordination

degree are divided into 10 grades (Liao 1999) (Table

1):

Table 1: Classification Types of Coupling Coordination

Degree.

Coordin

ation(D)

Coordination

Grade

Coordinat

ion Type

(0.0,0.1)

Extremely

maladjusted

A phase

of dissonance

and decay

[0.1,0.2)

Severe

maladjustment

[0.2,0.3)

Moderate

disorder

[0.3,0.4) Mild disorder

[0.4,0.5)

On the verge of

disorder

Transition

al stage of

development

[0.5,0.6)

Barely

coordinated

[0.6,0.7)

Primary

coordination

Coordinat

development

stage

[0.7,0.8)

Intermediate

coordination

[0.8,0.9)

Good

coordination

[0.9,1.0)

Quality

coordination

3 INDEX SYSTEM

CONSTRUCTION AND DATA

SOURCES

3.1 Construction of Evaluation Index

System

Due to the complexity of tourism and new

urbanization, it is necessary to construct multiple

index systems to evaluate the comprehensive

development level of these two systems (Zhang

2017). Following the principles of scientificity,

representativeness and accessibility, this paper

constructs a tourism evaluation index system from

four aspects of tourism revenue, tourism market,

tourism industry and tourism supporting

environment. The evaluation index system of new

urbanization is constructed from seven aspects,

including population, economy, space, society,

ecology, urban and rural areas, and scientific research

innovation, with 46 specific indicators in the criterion

layer (Table 2).

BDEDM 2022 - The International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management

Table 2: Index System for Tourism and New Urbanization.

Target Layer

Criterion

Laye

Indicator Layer

Indicator

Properties

Tourism

Economic

System

Tourism

Revenue

Domestic tourism income (10,000 yuan) +

Foreign exchange income from international tourism (USD 10,000) +

Proportion of total tourism revenue to GDP (%) +

Growth rate of total tourism revenue (%) +

Tourism

Market

Number of domestic tourists +

Number of inbound tourists receive

Growth rate of domestic tourists (%) +

Growth rate of inbound tourists (%) +

Tourism

Industry

Number of A-level and above tourist attractions +

Number of travel agencies +

Number of tourism star hotels +

Total number of employees in the tourism industry +

Tourism

Supporting

Environment

Number of graduates from secondary vocational tourism schools +

Passenger transport turnover (100 million person-km) +

Number of National Nature Reserves +

New

Urbanization

System

Population

Urbanization

Proportion of urban population (%) +

Urban employment +

Number of college students per 10,000 population +

Proportion of employees in secondary and tertiary industries (%) +

Spatial

Urbanization

Urban built-up area (km

Per capita park green area (m

/pe

son) +

Per capita living space of urban residents (m

/person) +

Urban per capita road area (m

/person) +

Economic

Urbanization

Per capita GDP (yuan) +

Proportion of output value of secondary and tertiary industries (%) +

Investment in fixed assets (10,000 yuan) +

Average wage of staff and workers in urban units (yuan) +

Social

Urbanization

National financial education funds (10,000 yuan) +

Number of people with professional health skills per 10,000 people +

Number of beds in medical and health institutions per 1,000 people +

Number of cultural station institutions +

Number of public transport vehicles per 10,000 urban residents +

Number of urban basic medical insurance participants (10,000

ersons)

Ecological

Urbanization

Centralized treatment rate of urban sewage treatment plant (%) +

Comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste (%) +

Cleaning area of urban roads (10,000 m

Green coverage rate of built-up area (%) +

Equal value of energy consumption per unit GDP (ton of standard

coal/10,000 yuan)

Proportion of investment in environmental pollution control to GDP

(%)

Urban-Rural

Integration

Ratio of per capita consumption level in rural and urban areas (%) +

Ratio of rural to urban Engel coefficient (%) -

Ratio of rural disposable income to urban disposable income (%) +

Research and

Innovation

Urbanization

Proportion of R&D expenditure to GDP (%) +

Number of teachers and students of institutions of higher learning in

the cit

Number of technological institutions of large and medium-sized

industrial enterprises

Number of patents authorize

Analysis of Coordinated Development of Tourism and New Urbanization in Anhui Province based on Entropy Weight-TOPSIS

3.2 Data Resource

The data used in this study are from the 2006-2019

Statistical Yearbook of China and Anhui Province.

Some unattainable data were assigned by linear

fitting and growth trend prediction.

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Analysis on the Comprehensive

Development Level

From Figure 1, the comprehensive development level

of new urbanization in Anhui Province has gradually

improved from 2006 to 2018, and its comprehensive

evaluation index has increased from 0.148 in 2006 to

0.898 in 2018, an increase of about 5.07 times,

indicating that the development of new urbanization

in Anhui Province has been greatly improved. The

figure shows that the level of new urbanization in

Anhui Province declined slightly from 2006 to 2009.

2007-2018, the index rose rapidly and steadily.

Especially after the promulgation of the New

Urbanization Development Plan of Anhui Province

(2016-2025) issued in 2017, the index showed a slight

acceleration trend, and began to slow down in 2018,

but it has reached a high level in the research period.

Figure 1: Comprehensive Development Level of New Urbanization.

As shown in Figure 2, the tourism comprehensive

evaluation index of Anhui Province showed an

overall upward trend from 2006 to 2018, but the

increase was not large, from 0.276(2006) to

0.56(2018), and the tourism development index

increased by about 1.03 times. During the study

period, the development of tourism in Anhui

Province experienced two significant increases: from

0.206 to 0.271 from 2009 to 2011, and from 0.428 to

0.576 from 2012 to 2017.This shows that the overall

level of tourism economic development in Anhui

province has been greatly improved, and the tourism

industry continues to mature, which also plays a

certain role in promoting the construction of

urbanization.

BDEDM 2022 - The International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management

Figure 2: Comprehensive Development Level of Tourism.

4.2 Analysis on Coupling Coordination

Degree

From Table 3, the coupling degree of tourism and

new urbanization in Anhui Province from 2006 to

2018 is above 0.8, which is a high-level coupling.

During the study period, the comprehensive

coordination index between tourism and new

urbanization is increasing, and the coupling

coordination degree between them is also increasing.

Except for a slight decline in 2007, the overall

experience of 6 stages is as follows: Mild dissonance

(2007), near dissonance (2006, 2008-2009), barely

coordinated (2010), primary coordination (2011-

2012), intermediate coordination (2013-2016) and

good coordination (2017-2018) are above the average

level. However, there is still a certain gap from high-

quality coordination, and there is still room for

improvement (Table 3).

Table 3: Coupling Coordination between Tourism and New Urbanization in Anhui Province from 2006 to 2018.

Year C1 C2 C T D Coordination level Coupling coordination type

2006 0.148 0.276 0.953 0.212 0.450 On the verge of disorder New urbanization development lags behind

2007 0.089 0.285 0.852 0.187 0.399 Mild disorder New urbanization development lags behind

2008 0.174 0.214 0.995 0.194 0.439 On the verge of disorder New urbanization development lags behind

2009 0.244 0.206 0.996 0.225 0.473 On the verge of disorder Tourism development lags behind

2010 0.320 0.271 0.997 0.295 0.543 Barely coordinated Tourism development lags behind

2011 0.428 0.472 0.999 0.450 0.670 Primary coordination Development is basically synchronized

2012 0.516 0.428 0.996 0.472 0.686 Primary coordination Tourism development lags behind

2013 0.611 0.470 0.991 0.540 0.732 Intermediate coordination Tourism development lags behind

2014 0.669 0.510 0.991 0.59 0.764 Intermediate coordination Tourism development lags behind

2015 0.739 0.4550 0.971 0.597 0.761 Intermediate coordination Tourism development lags behind

2016 0.790 0.515 0.978 0.653 0.799 Intermediate coordination Tourism development lags behind

2017 0.862 0.576 0.980 0.719 0.839 Good coordination Tourism development lags behind

2018 0.898 0.560 0.973 0.729 0.842 Good coordination Tourism development lags behind

a. C1: New Urbanization Development Index; C2: Tourism Development Index; C: Coupling degree; T: Comprehensive

Coordination Index; D: Comprehensive Coordination Index.

Analysis of Coordinated Development of Tourism and New Urbanization in Anhui Province based on Entropy Weight-TOPSIS

5 CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, the index evaluation system for tourism

and new urbanization is proposed. The entropy

weight-TOPSIS and coupling coordination degree

model is used in evaluation of the relationship

between tourism industry and new urbanization. The

main conclusions are as follows:

In terms of development trend, the coupling

coordination between tourism and new urbanization

in Anhui Province has been increasing, among which

2007 was in the dysfunctional recession stage, during

which the development of new urbanization lagged

behind the development of tourism, the level of town

construction was still a certain distance from the goal

of new urbanization planning, and the awareness of

building a modern city with ecological livability was

not strong enough; 2008-2010 was in the transitional

development stage. In this period, the pace of new

urbanization development accelerated, and the

development of tourism industry lagged behind the

development level of new urbanization in both

2009&2010, mainly due to the fact that tourism

industry received greater impact from the economic

downturn and lower tourism revenue; 2011-2018 was

in the coordinated development stage, and the

coupling coordination index of tourism industry and

new urbanization was in a period of steady

improvement in this period. In 2011, the development

of tourism and new urbanization was basically

synchronized, and then it changed to tourism

development lagging behind new urbanization, and

the gap has always existed, This is because the

concept of developing tourism economy and the

relative system and mechanism are not perfect

enough, and the development space of tourism has

not been fully explored; With the concept of "new

urbanization" put forward in 2012, the attention and

construction of new urbanization have been

significantly enhanced, so the level of urbanization

development has been improved. Overall, tourism

economy coordinated development and new

urbanization development is not yet implemented

fusion, the promoting function of tourism

development on the new urbanization has not been

released in full. Therefore, the potential of tourism

resources in Anhui Province needs to be further

developed, and the relevant strategic measures should

be strengthened in order to better realize the

synergistic development of tourism and new

urbanization (Table 3).

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