Regulatory Support of Socio-economic Security at the National Level

in the Russian Federation

Natalia Ivanovna Popova

Department of Transport Law, Samara State University of Railway Transport, Samara, Russia

Keywords: Socio-economic security, national security, politics, state policy

Abstract: The purpose of the article is to analyze the regulatory support for ensuring socio-economic security at the

national level in the Russian Federation. Research methods: analytical method, survey method, historical and

legal method. As the key results of the article, we can highlight the fact that one of the priorities of state policy

today is to ensure socio-economic security. Socio-economic security makes it possible to ensure the security

of the state at the national level. At the same time, the effectiveness of the state policy in the field of ensuring

socio-economic security largely depends on the availability of a complete and modern regulatory framework.

It is the regulatory framework that serves as the basis for planning and taking measures related to ensuring

socio-economic security. The significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the material as a source

of citation, as well as the possibility of applying the obtained theoretical provisions in the framework of

practical activities to ensure socio-economic security in the Russian Federation.

1 INTRODUCTION

At the moment, one of the main priorities of the state

policy is to ensure socio-economic security.

When considering the regulatory framework in

the context of socio-economic security at the national

level, it is necessary to state the existence of two

existing federal laws. We are talking about the

Federal Law "On Security" and the Federal Law "On

Strategic Planning". In order for the state policy in the

sphere of ensuring social and economic security to be

effective, it is necessary at least to reflect the

problems in these legislative acts and the steps aimed

at solving them. The provisions of the two laws to

ensure social and economic security must be

consistent with the legal acts in the field of social and

economic development. The novelty of the research

consists in presenting the problems of normative

provision of socio-economic security at the national

level and proposing specific solutions to eliminate

contradictions, which will contribute to the

implementation of an effective state policy to ensure

socio-economic security at the national level in the

Russian Federation (Kurbanov, 2017).

It is assumed that the effectiveness of state policy

in the field of ensuring socio-economic security

depends on the quality of regulatory support and the

presence of problems in it. Therefore, the

identification of such problems and the formulation

of specific proposals for improving the legislation

will help to eliminate them. The purpose of this study

is to present the objects of normative support of state

policy in the field of socio-economic security at the

national level, to identify problems in it and to offer

recommendations for their solution. The following

tasks will contribute to the achievement of this goal:

to review the theoretical framework on the topic of

normative support of state policy in the field of

ensuring socio-economic security; to identify

problems of normative support and provide a

description for them; to formulate ways to solve

problems and their impact on the effectiveness of

state policy in the field of ensuring socio-economic

security at the national level.

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

The following sources were used as materials for the

study: the Federal Law "On Security" and the Federal

Law "On Strategic Planning"; a scientific publication

by E. Buchwald on the topic of regulatory and legal

support for economic security at the national level in

the Russian Federation; scientific publications.

Popova, N.

Regulatory Support of Socio-economic Security at the National Level in the Russian Federation.

DOI: 10.5220/0010697100003169

In Proceedings of the International Scientiﬁc-Practical Conference "Ensuring the Stability and Security of Socio-Economic Systems: Overcoming the Threats of the Crisis Space" (SES 2021),

pages 219-222

ISBN: 978-989-758-546-3

219

To achieve the goal indicated in the introduction,

the following methods were used in the framework of

the study: analysis - to present the main provisions of

legislation in the field of ensuring socio-economic

security at the national level; generalization-to

present in a general form the system through which

the policy in the field of ensuring socio-economic

security is built and implemented; identification and

resolution of contradictions - to identify problems of

normative ensuring socio-economic security; the

study of literature, documents and results of activities

- to summarize the practice in the field of state policy

to ensure socio-economic security; forecasting - to

study the object (in this case, the regulatory

framework for ensuring the implementation of

policies in the field of socio-economic security).

Thus, the study provides the use of theoretical and

empirical methods.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Federal Law No. 172 provides for the need to adjust

the strategy every 6 years. The principles of system

management are at the heart of security itself. The

need for periodic review of the strategy is due to the

fact that most of the risks to national security have a

long-term impact, so it is impossible to deal with

them using operational management methods. The

essence of economic security is given in the key

documents of strategic planning. We are talking about

the National Security Strategy and the Economic

Security Strategy, designed for implementation until

2030. To date, three key documents related to

strategic planning have been adopted. We are talking

about the National Security Strategy, the Strategy of

Scientific and Technological Development and the

Strategy of Economic Security. Despite the fact that

the work on the development of a Socio-economic

Security Strategy has been started for a long time, to

date, such a document has not been prepared and

adopted. Only a document in the form of an

Economic Security Strategy has been prepared and

adopted.

R. Malkov, in his article on the topic of

institutional and legal prerequisites for building a

national security system, rightly notes that Russian

science has quite a lot of experience related to solving

security problems. The above strategies are discussed

in some detail in a series of scientific publications

(Malko, 2019).

The above-mentioned policy documents simply

list the phenomena in the system of socio-economic

security, but not their causes. Therefore, general and

primary topics are not raised in these documents. The

main problem that follows from this is related to the

fact that the system of regulatory support for policies

in the field of socio-economic security lags behind the

realities. Key strategic documents were adopted after

the entry into force of Federal Law No. 172, which

marked the beginning of a new policy based on

strategic planning. The strategic documents that are

currently in force do not allow us to build an effective

state policy in the field of ensuring socio-economic

security without finalizing the regulatory framework.

In particular, we are talking about Federal Law No.

390 of 2010.

The economic security strategy is considered as a

strategic planning document. Challenges and threats

in the field of economic security, as follows from the

content of the document, should be taken into account

when developing strategic planning documents in the

socio-economic sphere. Practice shows that strict

compliance with regulatory requirements in strategic

planning is not mandatory. In order to ensure

economic security, as follows from the paragraph of

the National Security Strategy until 2015, efforts

should be aimed at eliminating imbalances in the

economy. The same requirement is set out in the

Economic Security Strategy adopted in 2017. A

whole section in this policy document is devoted to

the challenges and threats to economic security.

Another section is devoted to the goals and directions

of the state's policy in the field of achieving economic

security. And one of the priority goals is "balanced

spatial and regional development of the Russian

Federation, strengthening the unity of its economic

space". To date, the Spatial Development Strategy

has not been developed and adopted, so the key goal

of ensuring national security cannot be achieved

without setting specific strategic objectives. At the

same time, the alignment of the regions is not

considered as a priority task if we refer to the content

of the Fundamentals of the State Policy of Regional

Development (Gorodetsky, 2018).

Russia has experience in implementing

infrastructure projects and programs, but it does not

fully solve the problem of regional alignment. It is

possible to ensure an effective policy in the field of

socio-economic security, taking into account the

system of the federal structure, only if all the tools of

federal policy are used. And they are now used by

each ministry and department separately and at their

own discretion (Fischbach, 2020).

It is proposed to eliminate the contradiction by

focusing on the positive economic alignment in the

preparation of strategic planning documents. The

national security strategy recognizes the effectiveness

SES 2021 - INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL CONFERENCE "ENSURING THE STABILITY AND SECURITY OF

SOCIO - ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: OVERCOMING THE THREATS OF THE CRISIS SPACE"

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and quality of economic management at the state

level as one of the problems. At the same time, the

strengthening of security in the legislation is

considered in the context of improving public

administration.

The main threat to economic security (paragraphs

12-17 of the Economic Security Strategy) is

recognized as insufficiently effective public

administration. In this regard, the effectiveness of

public administration will be directly related to the

tools for ensuring national security. And the

effectiveness of public administration in the

documents discussed above is associated with the

transition to strategic management (Evdokimova,

2018).

Strategic planning may be the most effective

mechanism for the implementation of various

functions of public administration, but it can not give

up other prerequisites for the quality of management.

The effectiveness of public administration can be

considered taking into account the attribution of

strategizing to one of the important, but not

exceptional, characteristics. Effective mechanisms

for effective management still remain:

decentralization of management, a variety of forms of

interaction between business and government,

improvement of legal relations between federal

authorities and local governments, etc. In Federal

Law No. 172, the institutional component of strategic

planning is mentioned in passing. This law does not

specify the need for the development of strategic

documents of a long-term nature of action. There are

no provisions in this law that could become the basis

for building a partnership between the state and the

private sector, between municipal authorities and the

private sector. Meanwhile, these forms of cooperation

are an important component for ensuring national

security (Kovalev, 2020).

Taking into account the identified problems and

their importance from the point of view of national

security, several measures are proposed. First,

prepare and adopt a new version of Federal Law No.

390, make changes and additions to Federal Law No.

172. Secondly, to specify the issues of documentary

and procedural support for activities related to

strategic planning. Third, to introduce a system of

strategic documents in the law, which will form the

policy aimed at ensuring national security. Taking

into account the federal type of state, it is also

necessary to achieve the harmonization of legal acts

in the field of strategic planning at all levels of

government. Therefore, the law should at least

establish the principle of developing strategies for

socio-economic security at the regional level. Today,

such documents have been adopted and prepared in

some regions, but there is no systematic work in this

direction. In addition, even the adopted strategies in

certain regions essentially duplicate the provisions of

the documents adopted at the federal level.

It is impossible to imagine the work on ensuring

socio-economic security without indicators that will

characterize it. Russia is one of the countries with a

high level of income gap between the poorest and the

richest. The difference in income is approximately

1,400%. In Russia, the indicator of economic

stratification of society is 40-41, in the EU countries

it is about 30. In terms of the distribution of wealth in

Russia, the situation is even worse. 75% of the

national wealth belongs to 1% of the population.

Inequality is a negative trend in the system of socio-

economic development. Negative trends in the form

of uneven spatial development are also indicated in

paragraphs 12-14 of the Economic Security Strategy

(Voronkova, 2017).

In modern conditions, the fight against this

inequality is mainly carried out by the point creation

of zones of "advanced development". Does this solve

the problem of unequal territorial development? No.

Therefore, addressing issues of ensuring socio-

economic security should begin with improving the

regulatory framework and approving indicators of

socio-economic development that allow us to draw

conclusions about solving the problem of inequality.

Such indicators in relation to social groups should be:

average real wages; the difference in income between

the richest and the poorest; the difference in income

of oil and non-oil regions, etc. It is also impossible to

ignore the proposal to ensure citizens ' access to

income from oil and gas production. Currently, all

natural resources belong to the state, are transferred

to corporations for their development, which extract

the main income. The budget also receives taxes from

the sale of natural resources, which, in accordance

with the budget policy, the authorities try to distribute

among all citizens through benefits, subsidies and

payments (Gorokhova, 2018).

4 CONCLUSIONS

Thus, within the framework of the conducted

research, several problems were identified. One of the

main problems is that a Strategy for socio-economic

development is still being developed and has not been

adopted.

The current Economic Development Strategy

mentions only certain issues related to social policy.

The state sees the effectiveness of state policy in the

Regulatory Support of Socio-economic Security at the National Level in the Russian Federation

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field of ensuring socio-economic security only

through the use of a strategic management tool. This

is unacceptable and cannot be the only characteristic

to say that the state policy in the socio-economic

sphere is effective. Taking into account the identified

problems and their importance from the point of view

of national security, several measures are proposed.

First, prepare and adopt a new version of Federal Law

No. 390, make changes and additions to Federal Law

No. 172 (Snopchenko, 2018).

Secondly, to specify the issues of documentary

and procedural support for activities related to

strategic planning. Third, to introduce a system of

strategic documents in the law, which will form the

policy aimed at ensuring national security. Programs

and infrastructure projects at the level of the law

should be considered as one of the tools for solving

the problem of territorial inequality, which will not

replace all other measures aimed at closing the gap.

Taking into account two important indicators of

socio-economic well-being (the difference in income

between the richest and the poorest, as well as the %

of the population that owns most of the national

wealth), it is necessary to develop a system of

indicators that will be used to assess socio-economic

well-being and the effectiveness of the

implementation of state policies in the field of

ensuring socio-economic security at the national

level. In addition, it is necessary to introduce into the

regulatory framework for strategic planning two

forms of cooperation aimed at improving the level of

socio-economic security - between the state and the

private sector, between local authorities and the

private sector.

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