Automatic Transportation System and Human Resources

Development on Society Era 5.0 in Indonesia

Nur Khalimatus Sa’diyah, Umi Enggarsasi and Septiana Prameswari

Faculty of Law University Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, Dukuh Kupang XXV/54, Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords: Automatic Transportation System, Human Resources Development, Society Era 5.0.

Abstract: This study analyses and examines the development of human resources in facing the challenges of society 5.0

and the role of the Government in facing the challenges of society 5.0 on transportation. The essential and

strategic means in accelerating the economy, strengthening national unity and influencing aspects of the life

of the nation and state. In facing the challenges of the Society, 5.0 era in terms of transportation by automatic

driver system technology, the Government must prepare strategies in terms of handling problems that will be

faced later both in terms of Human Resources and direct handling in the field. Using description on the

background of the problem above, then there is a problem formulation, Readiness of Human Resources and

the Role of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia in Facing Transportation Technology Using

Automatic Driving Systems in the Face of the Challenges of the Era of Society 5.0. This research method is

juridical empirical using a conceptual approach. The conceptual approach departs from the views and

doctrines that develop in technological studies. In this approach, the authors are expected to find solutions to

the problems discussed. The research was conducted in the Republic of Indonesia.

1 INTRODUCTION

Traffic is essential for the realization of the

development of the nation's life. With smooth traffic,

it will facilitate access for the community to carry out

activities in fulfilling their economy. In supporting

community activities in various ways, transportation

is also an important requirement. The complexity of

everyday human life cannot be separated from the

means of transportation. Transportation is an essential

and strategic means in accelerating the economy,

strengthening national unity, but on the other hand,

the majority of the Indonesian transportation system

is still not sustainable (Ali, 2011).

Many problems will occur in the future related to

transportation. With the industrial revolution 4.0,

there is still a lot of trouble for the Police, especially

the Traffic Police, namely with the existence of E-

Tilang, and which is now leading to society 5.0. by

using a data analysis system will be the strength level

of intelligence or sophistication of information

technology.

Entering the era of automatic transportation,

human resources must be prepared to face this.

Vehicles have now shifted from conventional engines

to electrification integrated with autonomous

automotive technology through artificial intelligence

in the transportation sector. Many believe that

intelligent engineering, machines, automatic

transportation and smart robotics will dominate the

future. One of the problems faced by the Indonesian

Government is how to prepare human resources to

mobilize and utilize industrial revolution technology

4.0 in encouraging economic development,

competitiveness and social welfare in the era of

society 5.0. Nowadays, the transportation industry

was facing a paradigm shift towards transportation

electrification as the most promising and sustainable

solution. This concept has been adopted for

propulsion powertrains and auxiliary systems. In the

last few decades, electrification already improves

their safety and comfort for the passengers (Bojoi, et

al., 2015).

Electrification could have significant implications

for electric utilities. joint development of autonomous

electric vehicles could make electric transport more

likely, leading to faster-than-expected changes in the

current transport paradigm (Jurgen, et al., 2017). In

facing the challenges of the Society 5.0 era in terms

of transportation, namely in the case of an automatic

driver system, the Government must prepare

strategies in terms of handling problems that will be

Sa’diyah, N., Enggarsasi, U. and Prameswari, S.

Automatic Transportation System and Human Resources Development on Society Era 5.0 in Indonesia.

DOI: 10.5220/0010797000003317

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Environment (ICoSTE 2020) - Green Technology and Science to Face a New Century, pages 111-116

ISBN: 978-989-758-545-6

111

faced later both in terms of Human Resources and

direct handling of the automatic driving system in the

field. Therefore, based on this background, there is a

problem formulation: How is the Development of

Human Resources and the Role of the Government of

the Republic of Indonesia in Facing Transportation

Technology Using Automatic Driving Systems in the

face of Society 5.0 Challenges?

2 MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

This research method is juridical empirical using a

conceptual approach. The conceptual approach

departs from the views and doctrines that develop in

technological studies. In this approach, the authors

are expected to find solutions to the problems

discussed. The research was conducted in the

Republic of Indonesia. This study analyzes and

examines the development of human resources in

facing the challenges of society 5.0 and the role of the

Government in facing the challenges of society 5.0).

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Transportation based Automatic

Driving System

Transportation Automatic steering systems are now

viral in the automotive industry, with the emergence

of technological innovations and the increasing

consumer demand for modern, safe and fun vehicles.

Automatic driving affects all car parts, including the

powertrain, brakes, steering, display instruments,

navigation and sensors, and connectivity inside and

outside the vehicle.

Automated vehicles rely on environmental issues,

which goes beyond what sensors can collect. For

example, drivers need real-time traffic data regarding

congestion and accidents. It achieves by simply

connecting the vehicle to the server. This system

allows a dynamic review of the route to be followed

and adjustments under the driving strategy. This

Connected Horizon facilitates automatic vehicles to

think smarter for comfort and safety in driving. A

connected vehicle will be warned of a danger point

before a blind corner or hilltop and can prepare itself

by reducing accelerator speed. A vehicle may include

a monitoring unit configured to determine an

automatic-driving software program operating on it.

Electric power steering with a fail-safe system is

the leading technology to make it happen. The fail-

operation capability allows the driver and automaker

to continue using critical steering functions while

maintaining about 50% electric steering support in the

rare case of a malfunction. Meanwhile, the electronic

stability program plays a crucial role in automatic

driving. systems provide the driver with the correct

steering assistance from an electric motor, calculated

by the CPU from vehicle velocity and input steering

torque (Nakayama & Suda, 2014). Devolving driving

responsibility to vehicles demands specific

requirements for brakes. To maintain maximum

control when a failure occurs, redundancy builds as a

safeguard. The ESP brake control system and the

iBooster electromechanical brake booster control the

vehicle by themselves. Automatic driving will change

the human-machine interface (HMI) between humans

and machines, requiring a modern communication

concept between the driver and his car (Katherine &

Kazerooni, 2011).

Currently, various automotive manufacturers in

Indonesia continue to innovate in developing

technology for their loyal consumers. One of them is

automatic steering or autopilot, where the driver does

not need to be tired of driving. The car can drive itself

to the location we are going to. There are already

automotive manufacturers that have embedded these

features on their four-wheeled vehicles, like Tesla's

autopilot or Nissan's ProPilot Assist. However, this

automatic steering feature is still controversial. Even

though it has released to the

public, this feature has

often caused cars to be involved in traffic accidents.

The autopilot should be on toll roads that are

straight, free of obstacles, relatively quiet and with

constant vehicle speed. The autopilot is just an

electronic component or engine, which means that the

driver cannot give 100 per cent to the autopilot while

driving. It is not impossible, later this feature can be

safe and reliable, but it must complete the supporting

facilities.

3.2 Human Resource Development

Facing Automatic Transportation

System for Society 5.0

The Japanese Government introduced the era of

Society 5.0 or super-smart Society (society 5.0) in

2019, which was made as a solution and response to

the 4.0 industrial revolution and was thought to cause

human degradation. After entering the industrial

revolution era, Indonesia will enter the era of society

5.0. the era of society 5.0 as a renewal that places

humans as the main component, not just a passive

component like in the industrial revolution 4.0.

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112

Indonesia is far behind because of the World

Economic Forum and Indonesia's ranking in the 2019

Global Innovation Index (GII). It takes extraordinary

efforts to spur the level of national innovation, both

in input and output. The company's interest in a

workforce with big data and coding expertise is

relatively high and is rapidly developing. Labour

supply with these criteria is still minimal. The

unpreparedness of local workers with industrial needs

is considered worrying because it can impact the

competitiveness of Indonesia's industry with other

countries. Referring to the 2016 World Economic

Forum (WEF) report, the industrial world is shifting

to using intelligent engineering, machine learning,

automatic transportation, and intelligent robotics to

dominate the production process by 2020. "Several

industries have made cloud technology and mobile

internet the focus of their business models. In the

future, data processing technology and big data will

be followed into the production process.

The existence of renewal in the Society 5.0 can

produce new value by elaborating and collaborating

on systems, information and technology that also

improve the quality of human resources needed or

Human Capital. There are three primary abilities in

dealing with society 5.0. among them which are:

1. The ability to solve complex problems and can

be a problem solver for himself and many

people.

2. The ability to think critically, not only in the

classroom but also in social life and the

surrounding environment, so social sensitivity

arises.

3. The ability to be creative.

Society 5.0 can be said to be the integration of

virtual and physical spaces to make everything easy

with artificial intelligence. In facing the era of society

5.0, education plays an essential role in improving the

quality of human resources. In addition to education,

several elements and stakeholders such as the

Government, community organizations (Ormas) and

the entire community will also welcome the

upcoming society 5.0 era. We also need to have the

readiness and ability to think Higher Order Thinking

Skills (HOTS) to answer the challenges of the global

era of society 5.0 to minimize the gap in each

student's mindset and technology orientation so that

integrity can be between humans and technology

later. In the era of society 5.0, humans are required to

produce faster solutions to meet their needs. It

impacts humans to continue to explore information

and create new innovations to support their survival.

So, it can be concluded that human beings in this era

should behave and think forward and must follow the

pattern of the times, but do not forget the identity of

the Indonesian nation.

In facing a new era, the 4th Revolution is a silent

revolution with Economic Disruptions, which

requires every individual to be truly competent and

certified. Recognition of work competence is an

essential requirement for the ownership-achievement

of authority deemed authorized to give recognition. A

competency certificate is a legal product that

legitimizes the achievement of a person's ability to do

specific jobs determined by certain authorities based

on agreed and established competency standards. In

facing the industrial era, the point is that 4.0,

professional, competitive and competent human

resources are needed. In the transition of the industrial

revolution 4.0 to industrial society 5.0, what needs to

be prepared is Human Resources, where technology

is the basis for every human life, both in the fields of

economy, politics, culture, the world of art and the

world of education, which are very complex, this

requires readiness and careful thinking.

By preparing superior human resources amid

global competence, especially in the era of

globalization, scientific advances and technological

advances, which are the causes of competition

between nations in all aspects of life, to deal with this,

the main performance is needed, namely by

increasing the ability, independence and

competitiveness of the nation through education and

mastery of modern technology if you don't want to be

left behind from other nations. We hope that when we

enter the era of society 5.0, human resources can

solve social problems with various technologies that

continue to increase.

3.3 The Role of Government in Facing

the Challenges of Society 5.0

Industrial revolution 4.0 using artificial intelligence

(artificial intelligence), while society 5.0 focuses on

the human component. The concept of society 5.0 is

an innovation from society 4.0 starting from society

1.0. In society 2.0 is agriculture, where humans have

started to recognize farming. Then society 3.0 has

entered the industrial era when humans have started

to use machines to support their daily activities.

Society 4.0 has emerged that we experience today,

namely humans who are familiar with computers to

the internet and its application in life.

If society 4.0 allows us to access and share

information on the internet. Society 5.0 is an era

where all technology is a part of man himself. The

internet is not only for information but for living life.

So that technological developments can minimize the

Automatic Transportation System and Human Resources Development on Society Era 5.0 in Indonesia

113

gaps in humans and economic problems in the future.

It does sound very romantic to happen. Moreover,

Indonesia is a developing country which can even be

said that only a handful of people are familiar with the

Industrial Revolution 4.0 or society 5.0. Only a

handful of academics who are aware of the progress

of their times, business people who are interested in

the sustainability of their business, and public

policymakers who pay attention to Baru are only a

handful of people.

Educational institutions categorized as superior in

Indonesia have not implemented the industrial system

4.0 and society 5.0. Starting from the education

system, how to interact with educators and the

educated and foster a modern thinking paradigm. As

for the community and some organizations

independently discussing the industrial revolution 4.0

and society 5.0, but only enough for personal

consumption due to limited power. It is also worth

appreciating the focus on this social change,

capitalized on the criticism and sensitivity of young

people so that communities and organizations have

the provisions for continuing to innovate in each

individual and within the scope of their organization.

The Government has implemented several

programs to create a good business climate, especially

in funding, mentoring, coaching, and facilitation.

However, in its implementation, there are still

obstacles. "There is still a need for convergence of

plans, policies and actions between parties to create an

entrepreneurial ecosystem, including social

entrepreneurship, in Indonesia. Several determinants

of the 4.0 industrial revolution, especially in HR

development, face complex challenges. The

education, health and entrepreneurship sectors are

driving progress. The nation in the fields of industry,

services, transportation and trade, faces challenges

that are not simple. "Even though these four sectors

will determine the dynamics of traditional sectors,

such as agriculture, fisheries, livestock and

handicrafts. The challenges faced are real and not

light.

The existence of an automatic drive-based

transportation system in Indonesia is still a matter of

debate. Some studies even say that automatic control

is still unreliable even in an emergency. The accuracy

is still not the same as someone mounting the car

manually. One of the efforts to prepare human

resources to compete in the industrial era 4.0 and

welcome the era of society 5.0, one aspect that must

be strengthened is the IT (Information Technology)

aspect. The advent of the Digitalization Era in

Indonesia is accompanied by a need that will later be

able to change the Indonesian economy from

resource-based to knowledge-based, starting new

businesses (Star-up) and emphasizing the importance

of innovation. Inclusive economic growth and

sustainable development need to continue to receive

attention and support from various groups, namely

the support of the Government, the private sector, the

community, and not to forget the support from

academics in achieving the Sustainable Development

Goals (SDGs).

The threat faced by Indonesia in the era of society

5.0 is the emergence of the ASEAN Economic

Community Era, which impacts the large number of

foreign workers who enter Indonesia. Meanwhile, the

challenge is that Indonesia is one of the countries that

have the right to support sustainable development

(SDGs) because Society 5.0 is oriented towards

developing and utilizing technology for a better life

for the people. The realization of Society 5.0 leads to

the achievement of the Sustainable Development

Goals (SDGs). The globalization and digitalization of

the world economy keep up to date the problems of

attaining sustainable competitiveness (Tatyana, et al.,

2018). The Government of Japan’s “Society 5.0”

initiative aims to create a cyber-physical society in

which (among other things) citizens’ daily lives will

be enhanced through increasingly close collaboration

with artificially intelligent systems (Matthew, 2019).

As a developing country, Indonesia must produce

talented young generations. In the last five years, the

growth and development of technology in Indonesia

have not shown a significant number. The young

generation, who are currently referred to as the

millennial generation, has talent and is potentially full

of perseverance and innovation that must be

supported by the Government in all matters,

especially in terms of funding in development and

training to face the era of Society. 5.0.

No progress is possible without a clear policy and

defined implementation of that policy.

Government

initiatives are significant in facing the challenges of

society 5.0. In this case, the Government of Indonesia

can play a role in promoting digital technology,

education and the establishment of an adequate

regulatory framework

4 CONCLUSIONS

In facing the era of society 5.0, the world of education

plays a vital role in improving the quality of human

resources. In addition to education, several elements

and stakeholders such as the Government, community

organizations (Ormas) and the entire community will

also welcome the upcoming society 5.0 era. We also

ICoSTE 2020 - the International Conference on Science, Technology, and Environment (ICoSTE)

114

need to have the readiness and ability to think Higher

Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) to answer the

challenges of the global era of society 5.0 to minimize

the gap in each student's mindset and technology

orientation so that integrity can be between humans

and technology later. In the era of society 5.0, humans

are required to produce faster solutions to meet their

needs. It impacts humans to continue to explore

information and create innovations to support their

survival. So, it can be concluded that human beings

in this era should behave and think forward and must

follow the pattern of the times, but do not forget the

identity of the Indonesian nation.

By preparing superior human resources amid

global competence, especially in the era of

globalization, scientific advances and technological

advances, which are the causes of competition

between nations in all aspects of life, to deal with this,

the primary performance is needed, namely by

increasing the ability, independence and

competitiveness of the nation through education and

mastery of modern technology if you don't want to be

left behind from other nations. We hope that when we

enter society 5.0, HR can solve social problems with

various technologies that continue to increase.

The Government has implemented several

programs to create a good business climate,

especially in funding, mentoring, coaching, and

facilitation. However, in its implementation, there are

still obstacles. "There is still a need for convergence

of plans, policies and actions between parties to create

an entrepreneurial ecosystem, including social

entrepreneurship, in Indonesia. Several determinants

of the 4.0 industrial revolution, particularly in human

resource development, face complex challenges. The

education, health and entrepreneurship sectors are

driving progress. The nation in the fields of industry,

services, transportation and trade, faces challenges

that are not simple. "Even though these four sectors

will determine the dynamics of traditional sectors,

such as agriculture, fisheries, livestock and

handicrafts. The challenges faced are real and not

light.

The existence of an automatic driving-based

transportation system in Indonesia is still subject to

much debate. Some studies even say that automatic

control is still unreliable even in an emergency. The

accuracy is still not the same as someone mounting

the car manually. One of the efforts to prepare human

resources to compete in the industrial era 4.0 and

welcome the era of society 5.0, one aspect that must

be strengthened is the IT (Information Technology)

aspect. The advent of the Digitalization Era in

Indonesia is accompanied by a need that will later be

able to change the Indonesian economy from

resource-based to knowledge-based, pioneering new

businesses (Star-up) and emphasizing the importance

of innovation. Inclusive economic growth and

sustainable development need to continue to receive

attention and support from various groups, namely

the support of the Government, the private sector, the

community, and not to forget the support from

academics in achieving the Sustainable Development

Goals (SDGs).

As a developing country in information

technology, Indonesia should be able to produce

talented young generations. Since the last five years,

the growth and development of technology in

Indonesia have not shown a significant number. The

young generation, who are currently referred to as the

millennial generation, have talents and potentially full

of perseverance and innovation that must be

supported by the Government in all matters,

especially in terms of funding in development and

training to face the era of society 5.0. No progress is

possible without a clear policy and defined

implementation of that policy. Government initiatives

are significant in facing the challenges of society 5.0.

In this case, the Government of Indonesia can play a

role in promoting digital technology, education and

the establishment of an adequate regulatory

framework.

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