System Entities Approach for First Step to Design System That

Connecting Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and Researchers

Elﬁra Febriani

Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Trisakti University, Jakarta Barat, Indonesia

Keywords:

system planning, entity system, requirement modelling, SMEs, system requirement.

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to analyse the system planning and attributes in an entity system for the ﬁrst step

to design systems that are involved in the entity system for the research marketplace that will be developed.

For the ﬁrst, by using SWOT analysis as tool for strategic planning the opportunity to develop a research

marketplace is needed especially for the purpose that researchers and SMEs can interact with each other. Then

entity system is part of requirement modelling. During requirements modelling, systems developers must

identify and describe all system requirements. System requirements fall into ﬁve general categories: outputs,

inputs, processes, performance, and controls. Based on SWOT analysis for strategic planning, the opportunity

to develop a research marketplace is very large. From strategies formed, the results of the SWOT analysis and

the mission that want to achieve are directly proportional to goals and objectives. This is a strong reason why

research markets can be formed. The last stages of modelling requirements with the entity system approach

are the inputs, processes, outputs desired by SMEs and their respective researchers have been grouped.

1 INTRODUCTION

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the main

player in domestic activity in Indonesia. They faced

many problems while running their business. The re-

search conducted by researchers in Indonesia has not

been fully integrated with SMEs. The research re-

sult (both from Universities and research institutions)

has unfortunately not yet fully adopted by the com-

munity, especially the SMEs. The problems in SMEs

are solved by discussing with other SMEs or search-

ing on Google with a similar case. Many researchers

in Indonesia but the research results and technology

developed are not appropriate with the users, such

as industry, government, and society. (Febriani and

Dewobroto, 2018) Commercialization of research re-

sults is important when seen from an economic stand-

point to provide beneﬁts for the country and also cre-

ate jobs. From the other side, it can provide a forum

for researchers to introduce their work that has the po-

tential for change in the scientiﬁc world. One of the

main factors inﬂuencing the commercialization of re-

search results in Indonesia is the mismatch of research

results with consumer needs.

So far, researchers and SMEs moved respectively.

SMEs solve their problems and researchers look for

research ideas without knowing where will be ap-

plied. The difﬁculty for researchers looking for a

place to do research so more research using secondary

data or dummy data to resemble characters required

data or using data from previous studies. This is due

to the difﬁculty to get data from a company because

of the lack of cooperation between companies and re-

searchers. During this time The Community Service

program has been assessed as the basis for interact-

ing with SMEs where they can work together with

researchers to conduct research. This program is the

implementation of the practice of science, technology,

and cultural arts directly to the community institution-

ally through scientiﬁc methodology as a responsibil-

ity in an effort to develop community capabilities, so

as to accelerate the pace of growth in achieving na-

tional development goals. The problems in SMEs for

community service program are usually simple. But

the problems in SMEs found in that program can be

the basis for continuing into the real research. In ad-

dition, the research conducted was not sustainable or

not integrated from the previous year because it was

difﬁcult to get partners for cooperation.

To bring together researchers and SMEs in order

to help SMEs in solving their problems it takes a

place that can bring together all. This place adopts

the marketplace concept. For this research, it can be

called a Research Marketplace. Marketplace knew

Febriani, E.

System Entities Approach for First Step to Design System That Connecting Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and Researchers.

DOI: 10.5220/0009880201690172

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Science, Engineering and Social Sciences (ICASESS 2019), pages 169-172

ISBN: 978-989-758-452-7

169

that has succeeded in bringing together many online

sellers and consumers both in the ﬁelds of hospitality,

ﬁnance, beauty, health, food, consumer goods, con-

struction and so on. The research marketplace that

wants to develop is based online where each SMEs

can communicate with researchers without limited in

time and distance. The research has been started since

2017, starting from the analysis of the quality of in-

formation for SMEs to the adoption of the results of

research by understanding what kind of information is

required and desired by SME (Febriani et al., 2017), it

is expected that in the future, the research result may

be fully adopted by SMEs. Then analyse the problems

faced by SMEs and conduct a needs analysis using

PIECES diagrams(Febriani and Dewobroto, 2018).

Requirement analysis still needs to be done to ﬁnd

out the input, process, and output (entity system in

requirement modelling). It will be the ﬁrst step be-

fore the move to the design system. Based on these

problems, the purpose of this study is to analyse the

system planning and attributes in an entity system for

the ﬁrst step to design systems that are involved in the

entity system for the research marketplace that will be

developed.

2 METHODOLOGY

Data is collected by interviewing researchers (30 re-

searchers from universities and research department)

and SME owners (150 owners) who produce products

and services.

2.1 Strategy Planning

There is no standard approach to strategic plan-

ning but strategic planning can be starts with SWOT

(Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats)

analysis. SWOT analysis is one of strategic planning

tools usually used to many situations that need a de-

cision (Hay and Castilla, 2006).

2.2 System Entities

An entity is something that can describe data. Enti-

ties can also be interpreted as an individual that repre-

sents something tangible and can be distinguished by

something else. In a real world model each Entity rep-

resents a group or family of uniquely identiﬁable per-

son places, things, concepts or events of interest to the

ﬁrm and about which the ﬁrm wants or must collect

data or keep records. The data or records about each

entity describe what they are, what they look like, how

they are used, what purpose they serve, what actions

they take or what actions are taken with or against

them (Modell, 2007). In this entity system, inputs,

processes, outputs, roles, rules, and stakeholders will

be seen to be involved in this research marketplace.

Entities have an important role in the database system

because if there is no set of entity database systems

are not formed. The entity system approach is also

part of requirement modelling.

3 THE RESULTS

Strategic planning begins with conducting the

SWOT analysis. SWOT is an acronym for Strengths,

Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. SWOT

Analysis is a tool used for strategic planning and

strategic management in organizations. It can be used

effectively to build organizational strategy and com-

petitive strategy (G

urel and Tat, 2017).

SWOT Analysis is a strategic planning framework

used in evaluation of an organization, a plan, a project

or a business activity. SWOT Analysis is therefore

a signiﬁcant tool for situation analysis that helps the

managers to identify organizational and environmen-

tal factors. SWOT Analysis has two dimensions: in-

ternal and external. The Internal dimension includes

organizational factors, also strengths and weaknesses,

external dimension includes environmental factors,

also opportunities and threats (G

urel and Tat, 2017).

SWOT analysis for strategic planning deﬁned based

on the following criteria (Jyothi et al., 2008):

a Strengths are internal attributes of the organiza-

tion that are helpful to the achievement of the ob-

jective.

b Weaknesses are internal attributes of the organi-

zation that are harmful to the achievement of the

objective.

c Opportunities are external conditions that are

helpful to the achievement of the objective.

d Threats are external conditions that are harmful to

the achievement of the objective.

Figure 1: SWOT analysis both SMEs and researchers.

Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, the op-

portunity to develop a research marketplace is needed

ICASESS 2019 - International Conference on Applied Science, Engineering and Social Science

170

especially for the purpose that researchers and SMEs

can interact with each other. This can also be sup-

ported by the results of the PIECES framework where

in terms of performance, information, economic, ef-

ﬁciency, and service are far better by forming a re-

search marketplace.

There is no standard approach to strategic plan-

ning. Beside swot analysis, a ﬁrm’s mission state-

ment should contain an inspirational message to its

stakeholders. The majority of analyst view the strate-

gic planning process as a dynamic interaction similar

in Figure 1 that show where the mission statement re-

ﬂects a long-term horizon, but sets forth goals that are

achievable and consistent with realworld conditions

(Shelly and Rosenblatt, 2012).

A mission statement is just the starting point.

Next, identiﬁes a set of goals that will accomplish the

mission. To achieve those goals, then develops a list

of shorter-term objective. Objectives also might in-

clude tactical plans. Finally, the objectives translate

into day-to-day business operations, supported by IT

and other corporate resources. The outcome is a set

of business results that affect company stakeholders.

Figure 2: Strategic planning is a dynamic process that iden-

tiﬁes speciﬁc goals and objectives that support the mission

The mission of this study is of course that the

problems of SMEs can be overcome and the research

results can be fully utilized by not only being a scien-

tiﬁc journal. The goal for this research is for SMEs

and researchers to interact with each other so that the

problems of SMEs can be resolved and research re-

sults can be fully utilized. To achieve this goal, so the

objective is to create a meeting place between SMEs

and researchers in the form of a research marketplace.

In general terms, a system is described as an entity

(unit) where there is input that enters the system and

processes it, so it comes out as output.

Figure 3: System entity

The picture above is the basis of a system entity.

This picture is not yet clearly explained the impor-

tance of elements a system. The entity construction

should clearly describe what the system and the ele-

ment in it. Not only input and output, but in a system

should also be stakeholders involved, mission and ob-

jectives, opportunities, threats, and control. The Mis-

sion, objectives, and opportunities, in general, have

been explained in system planning.

Entity system is part of requirement modelling.

During requirements modelling, systems developers

must identify and describe all system requirements.

A system requirement is a characteristic or feature

that must be included in an information system to sat-

isfy business requirements and be acceptable to users.

System requirements serve as benchmarks to mea-

sure the overall acceptability of the ﬁnished system.

System requirements fall into ﬁve general categories:

outputs, inputs, processes, performance, and controls.

Figure 4: System entity as part of system requirement.

The future of this research is to establish a frame-

work for the development of research markets. Based

on the system development life cycle, the next step is

system design where it starts designing object-based

with UML until it reaches program implementation.

The limitation of this study is a large number of

ﬁelds of SMEs and researchers so that it is not bi-

ased to classify researchers according to their ﬁelds

and SMEs according to the type of product produced.

4 CONCLUSIONS

Based on SWOT analysis for strategic planning, the

opportunity to develop a research marketplace is very

large. From strategies formed, the results of the

SWOT analysis and the mission that want to achieve

are directly proportional to goals and objectives. This

is a strong reason why research markets can be

formed. The last stages of modelling requirements

with the entity system approach are the inputs, pro-

cesses, outputs desired by SMEs and their respective

researchers have been grouped.

System Entities Approach for First Step to Design System That Connecting Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and Researchers

171

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