Engineering Short Services to Measure Shuttlecock Accuracy in the

Badminton Game

Danang Arif Wibowo

, Agus Dwi Susworo Marhaendro

, Tomoliyus

Master of Sports Science, Postgraduate, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: Development, Test, Short service, Badminton

Abstract: In a double game, short service is important to determine the precision accuracy in the badminton practice

or match. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of accuracy in the short service badminton

game, especially novice athletes who are in Special Region Yogyakarta. This research method used research

and development, which meant that this study was a research-oriented product. Techniques of data

collections were observation. The subjects were novice badminton athletes in Special Region Yogyakarta

aged of 15-16 years. The data were then analyzed using descriptive data analysis with quantitative

percentage. Training process consisted of 20 players at DIY level and each player conducted 20 short

services. The results showed that there was one respondent with extremely low accuracy conditions (5,0%),

4 respondents with lower category (20.0%), 13 respondents with the medium category (65%), 2 respondents

with high category (10%) and no respondent with very high category (0%). The frequency of most

respondents was medium category at grade interval 50.36 <X ≤ 62.18 with total of 13 respondents with

percentage of 65%.

1 INTRODUCTION

Badminton is a sport that is preferred in the almost

all levels of society. It can be used to gain a sense of

achievement and entertainment. In addition to

maintaining physical fitness, badminton can also

increase the popularity of a country in the eye of the

world, including Indonesia. For professional

athletes, the ability to develop talent in playing

badminton can bring achievements through

competitions in local, national and even international

levels.

Mechanical control of shots is very important

and can be done by having long and short service

techniques. Both services are considered to be the

basic technique that are important in playing

badminton and will often be used in defense or

attack patterns. Therefore, it is important to give

short service exercises for badminton players as

early as possible, as it is applied in Badminton

training conducted on children in badminton groups

in Special Region Yogyakarta. Hopefully, one day,

they can become reliable badminton athletes who

make the country proud, and therefore, they need to

get maximum training including short service.

Mastery of a serve that is precised and accurate

will determine the quality of badminton players.

"The basic technique is the mastery of basic

badminton game that is required to be known by a

badminton player and understood by each player in

conducting badminton games". According to (Poole,

2011), "basic techniques that must be acknowledged

by a badminton player are racket grip, service shot,

overhead stroke, and underhand stroke.” Short

service will determine the pattern of the game to win

the badminton games.

The main issue in the control of this service is

the shuttlecock must be struck on the head. The

serve is not easy to master especially for the novice

players. They need to do exercises diligently, so that

the muscles of their arms and legs are well-trained in

performing a short service. Many mistakes when

serving especially in a double game in part are

sometimes caused by less precise strucks and the

position of shuttlecock that is high and falling

directly in front of the opponent, so that it is easy for

the opponent to perform counterattack in the form of

smash. Therefore, it is important to perform short

service which is inaccessible by opposing players

(Migley, 2000). As for the need to be noticed in

playing badminton, the tools that is used are

Wibowo, D., Susworo Marhaendro, A. and , T.

Engineering Short Services to Measure Shuttlecock Accuracy in the Badminton Game.

DOI: 10.5220/0009785002910295

In Proceedings of the 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science in conjunction with the 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports

(YISHPESS and CoIS 2019), pages 291-295

ISBN: 978-989-758-457-2

291

paddle-shaped racquet and shuttlecock as batted-ball

media.

Meanwhile, according to (Muhajir, 2007),

badminton game can be played inside or outside the

court, within the limits and the line length and width

of the field. The game consists of multiple single

match categories, or a mixture. The game is

performed by shooting the shuttlecock to the

opponent with the goal of getting the points value.

The basic techniques one needs to learn at an early

stage are holding a racket and servicing.

This study helps beginners in learning and

training from the science that is taught as workout

strategy to help to improve the performance of

athletes in playing badminton. This research is often

evaluated on the accuracy of the starting point to the

ending point, or the distance of the object.

Therefore, the accuracy of the landing cock is very

important to note, as a benchmark, to get the points.

This exercise pattern trains athletes to improve the

movement of short service which is used as a major

attack in the badminton games as an integrated

exercise science with the aim at increasing the

motoric movement.

2 METHOD

Determining research methods needs to be done by

any researcher, because the method will determine

the success of a way (technique) objectives to be

achieved. According to (Surakhmad, 1989), "method

is the primary means used to achieve a goal." The

method used in this research was the design method

development research (research and development),

which meant that this study was a research oriented

products. The subjects of research were the beginner

badminton athletes in Yogyakarta. Previously,

coaches first explained some of the rules related to

the short service, namely:

1) The testee is standing in the service box to hold

the racket and shuttlecock, and performing a

maximum short service to cock target which is

placed at waist,

2) Shuttlecock directions must be at across

position and must pass through the room on top

of the net and under the ropes mounted 40 cm

above and parallel to the net,

3) Service is considered valid if the shuttlecock

passes and falls to the place the target without

touching the line, and

4) If shuttlecock fall above the line, the score

provided that both feet relating to the floor and

no movement pretend. Racket speed can be

slowed or accelerated but the movement must

be performed continuously.

3 DATA COLLECTION

The data were collected through observations taken

from 20 badminton players at Special Region of

Yogyakarta, with the age of 15-16 years old, body

weight of 40-60 kg, height of 155- 166 cm. In

particular, the samples consisted of 8 athletes in the

age of 15, and 12 athletes with the age of 16 years

old. Among them, 13 male athletes and 7 female

athletes were investigated. All athletes in the

identification did not have an injury. They were

asked to wear sports clothes and use their own

rackets.

The research was carried out in the room,

especially in the field of badminton. Then, the field

and the nets are placed according to the standard size

International Badminton Federation. Prior to

research, the athletes warmed up in order to avoid

injury and to familiarize themselves with the field.

Players were instructed to perform normal short

services. Each was performing 20 times. Related to

the accuracy of short service, The results showed

that there was one respondent with extremely low

accuracy conditions (5,0%), 4 respondents with

lower category (20.0%), 13 respondents with the

medium category (65%), 2 respondents with high

category (10%) and no respondent with very high

category (0%). The frequency of most respondents

was medium category at grade interval 50.36 <X ≤

62.18 with total of 13 respondents with percentage

of 65%.

4 DATA ANALYSIS

This study was performed on a descriptive approach.

The percentage of quantitative was used in

accordance to the technique sampling, which

involved beginner athletes in Special Region

Yogyakarta by reviewing factors of issues at short

service. Raised variables became the main key that

should be investigated, in a way to approach an

individual or group of activities when taking action,

until the data were collected.

The method used in this research was research

and development method, which meant that this

study was a research oriented products. (Sugiyono,

2011) stated that the research and development

method is the of research methods used to produce a

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

292

particular product, and to test the efficacy of the

product, starting from sampling, followed by testing

short service which previously was exemplified in a

teacher. The results were recorded, and the teacher

could evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of

athletes in the category of short service skills. The

design is described as follows.

Figure 1: The study design one-shot case study (Arikunto,

2002)

5 RESULTS

The trial result of this research instrument was

categorized in 3 ratings.

5.1 Tool Equipment

The tools used were: racket, shuttle cock, net, tape

along the net with a minimum width of 5 cm,

stretched 4.27 meters above the net with a height of

8 feet from the floor, two poles, stationery.

5.2 Implementation

a) The testee was standing in a groove on the pitch

angle angled with targets that have been made to do

service. b) Once there is a cue to start with a "yes",

the testee is performing service on target 20 times. c)

Shuttle cock must pass over the net and under the

rope through the room and dropped on the target. d)

The testee should try to keep the shuttle cock fall on

good-value targets.

Figure 2: Field for Short Service

5.3 Target

The procedure was the testee should do the standing

service to hold the racket and be ready to make a

serve. The testee was standing right in place that had

been marked A. A sign indicated where the testee

was allowed to stand when serving. The testee

conducted a series of short service movements

repeatedly and gradually as many as 20 times to

reach goals that have been determined. The testee

was not allowed to move before the shuttlecock was

falling on the floor or target.

The shuttlecock which fell on the target nearby

and far right on target, was given score 1 which is

very low, excellent category, and then gradually

increased to score 2 low, good category, score 3

fair, moderate category, then score 4 high, low

category, score 5 poor, very high

category and

service, which did not qualify or was far beyond the

target was given the value of 0. When the

shuttlecock fell on the line, it was given value in the

higher grades.

5.4 Review

Review of short service target was a player service

area which is located on the testee’s diagonal player.

The area bounded by the front line (short service

line) was 6 plots with the size of each as follows.

1. Score 1 = 5

2. Score 2 = 4

3. Score 3 = 3

4. Score 4 = 2

5. Score 5 = 1

6. Score 6 = 0

A scale to determine the level of respondents' short

service skills was as follow.

P = F / N x 100% (1)

P.S.:

P = the percentage figure the number of subjects in a

particular category

F = Frequency Subjects

N = total number of subjects

Table 1: Short Service Review Rules

Interval Scores Category

M + 1.5 SD <X Very High

M + 0.5 SD <X ≤ M + 1.5 SD High

M - 0.5 SD <X ≤ M + 0.5 SD Moderate

M - 0.5 SD <X ≤ M - 1.5 SD Low

X ≤ M - 1.5 SD Ver

low

Sampel

Tes

Service

Result





Taste (A)

54321

Engineering Short Services to Measure Shuttlecock Accuracy in the Badminton Game

293

Information :

M = Average (mean) score service

X = Score Service

SD = Standard deviation score service

Based on the descriptive results for the short

service variable, the maximum score was 76.00 and

35.00 for minimum score of ideal average and

deviation standard. The results of this research was

to acknowledge the accuracy of the service with the

ability level of short

Service which was divided into several

categories, namely very high, high, medium, low

and very low. The followings are the frequency

distribution of the level of short service capabilities.

Table 2: Interval Class

Interval Class Categor

Frequenc

Percentage

X ≤ 38.54 Ver

low 1 5,0

38.54 <X ≤ 50.36 Low 4 20,0

50.36 <X ≤ 62.18 Moderate 13 65,0

62.18 <X ≤ 74.00 High 2 10,0

74.00 <X Very high 0 0

Total 20 100

Frequency

Precentage

Figure 3: The frequency distribution of the level of short

service capabilities

The results showed that there was one

respondent with extremely low accuracy conditions

(5,0%), 4 respondents with lower category (20.0%),

13 respondents with the medium category (65%), 2

respondents with high category (10%) and no

respondent with very high category (0%). The

frequency of most respondents was medium

category at grade interval 50.36 <X ≤ 62.18 with

total of 13 respondents with percentage of 65%

From the age category 15-16 years with the

difference in the number of values, the result was as

follow.

Table 3: The result based on age

Valid Frequency Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Years

8 40,0 40,0 40,0

Years

12 60,0 60,0 100,0

Total 20 100,0 100,0

From the gender category, the result was as follow.

Table 4: The result based on gender

Valid Frequency Percent Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Male 13 65,0 65,0 65,0

Woman 7 35,0 35,0 100,0

Total 20 100,0 100,0

6 DISCUSSION

This method is a new method to assess the level of

accuracy based on the shuttlecock track later. It

began to be developed in discussion exercises, so

that coaches and athletes starters in a special region

of Yogyakarta can optimize the shape of the main

attack short service with the aim of earning points

according to the target that has been set at the time

of exercise with a high degree of difficulty in

performing service badminton. Some players can

reach the level of overall accuracy score. However,

the majority of novice players still have to keep

practicing to optimize the accuracy of the service

that has been practiced.

7 CONCLUSION

This research method is used to assess the target

trajectory of the shuttlecock. The effort to measure

all beginner athletes in servicing was made in the

form of obstacles, so that athletes with difficulty to

perform service accuracy were determined by the

coach. The role of coaches to athletes itself was to

train the beginning motor movement and ending in

the implementation of the service badminton

accuracy in the field.

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