Relation Man Factors with Work Accident

in Injection Phylon Unit at PT. X

Ulumuddin

, Devi Angeliana Kusumaningtiar

and Cut Alia Keumala Muda

Faculty of Health Sciences, Esa Unggu University, Jakarta Barat, Jakarta, Indonesia

Study Program of Public Health, Esa Unggul University, Jakarta Barat, Indonesia

Keywords: Injection Phylon Unit, Work Accident, Human Factors, Gender, Age, Years of Service, Education Level.

Abstract: According to work accident statistics at PT. X in 2017, the total number of work accidents is 170 cases, and

in 2018 there were 52 work accidents in total. The minor category and medium categories of work accidents

still occur both in 2017 and 2018. Preliminary studies found that work accident in the Injection Phylon Unit

was caused by many workers a young male, the education not from the university, years of service for more

than three years. The purpose of the study are to analyze the relation between Human Factors which included

gender, age, years of service, and education level with work accidents. Methodology: Quantitative research

methods with Cross-Sectional research designs. Results: Have a significant relationship between age with

work accidents, and young workers ≤ 45 years are twice as likely to occurs work accidents as compare with

old workers > 45 years (p-value = 0.020 and PR = 2.429). Conclusions: Company conducting routine checks

by the Unit/sub Unit leader to young workers, conduct training on values, norms, and responsibilities at work,

conduct counseling to young workers who have experienced work accidents, put signage about good and

correct manual handling that posted in the work area.

1 INTRODUCTION

According to work accident statistics at PT. X that in

2017 the total incidence of work accidents was 170

cases, with details of 143 cases in the mild category,

26 cases in the moderate category, and 1 case in the

heavy category. In 2018 there were 52 work accidents

in total, with 41 cases in the mild category, 9 in the

medium category, and 2 in the heavy category. The

major category of a work accident at Phylon Injection

Unit of PT. X in 2018 is greater than in 2017, one of

which resulted in the loss of part of the index finger

of workers and the loss of working days by 3 days.

For work accidents in the minor (minor) and

moderate (medium) categories still occur both in

2017 and in 2018. From the preliminary study, it was

found that the incidence of work accidents in the

Phylon Injection Unit was caused by many male

workers with a majority of young people who were

young not educated from a university with a work

period of more than three years so that workers pay

less attention to work safety due to workers being too

careless or careless, hurrying in completing their

work, not complying with safety rules that apply at

work and taking trivial towards safety work in his

workplace.

With these problems, the authors intend to exa-

mine the "Relationship of Human Factors in Work

Accidents in the Phylon Injection Unit of PT. X "

2 METHOD

This study aims to describe the human factors

associated with work accident events that include

gender, age, years of service, and education level.

This research was conducted on workers in the PT. X

because in 2017 and 2018 work accidents cannot be

eliminated. This research began from August to

December 2018. This research was conducted using

quantitative research with a Cross-Sectional research

design.

The study design uses quantitative analytics using

a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted

on workers in the Phylon Injection Unit of PT. X. The

total study population was 400 people consisting of

workers in the Material Sub Unit (88 people),

Molding Sub Unit (32 people), Injection Sub Unit

294

Ulumuddin, ., Kusumaningtiar, D. and Muda, C.

Relation Man Factors with Work Accident in Injection Phylon Unit at PT. X.

DOI: 10.5220/0009593702940303

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Health (ICOH 2019), pages 294-303

ISBN: 978-989-758-454-1

(174 people), and Quality Sub Unit (109 people). The

research sample was taken using the Proportional

Stratified Random Sampling technique, with a total

sample of 194 people.

As for the variables studied were the relationship

between gender, age, work period and level of

education on the incidence of workplace accidents in

the Phylon Injection Unit of PT. X. Data collection is

done by filling in the questionnaire given to the

leaders of each sub-unit with the number of

questionnaires given in accordance with the number

of samples that have been determined in each sub-

unit, which is then distributed to workers randomly in

their respective every sub-units.

3 THEORY REVIEW

Work accidents are unexpected or unintentional

events because they result in losses, both material,

and suffering for those who experience (Rezeki,

2015).

The classification of work accidents according to

Tarwaka (2014), can be broadly explained as follows:

1. Classification according to the type of accident,

such as falling, falling or falling objects or work

objects, tripping over objects or objects, bumping

into objects, sandwiched between two objects,

forced movements or excessive muscle stretching,

exposure to or contact with hot objects or

temperatures high, exposed to or hazardous

materials or radiation, etc.,

2. Classification according to the causative agent,

which is the cause of machinery, such as: driving

machines except for electric motors, transmission

engines, production machines, mining machinery,

agricultural machinery, etc., means of lifting and

conveying equipment for example, forklifts, rails,

wheeled vehicles other than trains, water

conveyance, air conveyance, etc., causes of other

equipment, such as pressure vessels, smelting

furnaces/kitchens, electric installations including

motors electricity, electrical hand tools, tools,

ladders, scaffolding, etc., causes of hazardous

materials and radiation, such as explosive

materials, dust, gas, liquids, chemicals, radiation,

etc., causes work environment, such as hot

pressure and cold pressure, high noise intensity,

vibration, underground space, and others.

3. Classification according to type of injury and

injury, such as fractures, sprains/dislocations/

sprains, muscle pain and spasms, concussion and

other internal wounds. amputation and

enucleation, cuts and other external injuries,

bruises and cracks, burns, acute poisoning, aspixia

or shortness of breath.

There are three main causes of work accidents

(Rezeki, 2015), namely:

1. Work equipment and tools, unavailability of

safety and protective equipment for workers,

2. The condition of the workplace that does not meet

the requirements.

3. Lack of employee knowledge and experience

about work methods and work safety as well as

physical and mental conditions of workers that are

not good.

From several theories about the factors that cause

accidents, accidents occur caused by three main

factors namely, humans, tools, and the environment

in accordance with the theory of Three Main Factors

(Sucipto, 2014).

1. Human Factors

a. Gender

Definition of gender is the division or division

of two human sexes that are biologically

determined that are attached to a particular sex

(Fakih, 2010). The types of work between men

and women are very different. The social

division of labor between men and women

causes differences in the types of jobs that

people receive, so work accidents are

experienced differently. There are more male

work accidents than women. Responsibly, the

concentration and prudence of men and

women differ so that adjustments are needed

in workload and work policies, including

when doing work that requires caution and

accuracy. These two things men need policy

adjustments in the work process (Erlina,

2017).

According to research conducted by Riyadina

(2014), it is found that male workers have

doubled the number of 647 workers compared

to female workers as many as 303 workers and

shows that p-value <0.05 which means there is

a relationship between sex with the incidence

work accidents with the risk of male workers

having work accidents 3.25 (95% CI: 2.29-

4.62) times compared to female workers due

to lack of prudence of male workers while

doing work.

b. Age

The age of workers is regulated by the Labor

Law, namely the Law of January 6, 1951, No.1

Article 1. Young workers generally have a

stronger, dynamic, and creative physique, but

are easily bored, lack responsibility, tend to be

absent, and turnover is low.

Relation Man Factors with Work Accident in Injection Phylon Unit at PT. X

295

According to Erlina (2017), experience for

alertness to accidents increases according to

age, length of service in the company and the

length of time at work in the relevant

workplace. With increasing age, a person will

be increasingly vigilant to avoid workplace

accidents. According to Hernawati's research

(2014), young workers have a tendency to

have work accidents due to lack of attention,

lack of discipline, tend to obey, careless, and

in a hurry.

According to research conducted by Tia

Purwati (2018), it is found that young workers

(≤ 45 years) have more numbers, namely 27

workers compared to old workers (> 45 years),

as many as 18 workers and show that p-value

= 0.003 <0, 05 which means there is a

relationship between age and the incidence of

workplace accidents with the risk of young

workers experiencing workplace accidents

2,095 (95% CI: 1,143-3,842) times compared

to older workers because young workers tend

to be careless or in a hurry in completing their

work.

c. Years of service

As expressed by Andi Mapiere, job growth

can be experienced by someone only if it is

experienced and experienced by the learning

process and it is expected that the person

concerned has an increasingly positive work

attitude towards, has improved work skills

(knowledge) and has increased work skills in

quality and quantity (Faizin and Winarsih,

2008). The factors that influence the length of

service between them are the level of job

satisfaction, work environment stress, career

development, workers compensation. The

years of service are categorized into two,

covering the working period of the new

category ≤ 3 years and the working period of

the old category> 3 years (Hani, 2007)

According to research conducted by Winarto

et al (2016), it is found that the number of new

category of workers (≤ 3 years) has a higher

number of 54 workers compared to the old

category workers (> 3 years) of 6 workers and

shows that the p-value = 0.006 <0.05 which

means that there is a relationship between

work period and work accident due to the

working period of the new category (≤ 3 years)

lack of experience in doing work.

d. Level of education

Education is an important factor in motivating

someone to act. The behavior of someone who

is based on knowledge will be more enduring

than someone's behavior without being based

on knowledge. Knowledge is the result of tofu

that occurs after a person senses the object

being observed (Notoatmojo, 2007). The level

or level of education is the stage of continuing

education, which is determined based on the

level of development of students, the level of

complexity of teaching material and how to

present the material.

According to research conducted by Eva

Hernawati (2017), it is found that workers

with non-tertiary education (SD-SMA) have

more numbers, namely 172 workers compared

to workers with tertiary education level (DIII-

S1), namely as many as 2 workers and show

that p-value = 0.001 <0.05 which means that

there is a relationship between the level of

education with the incidence of workplace

accidents with the risk of workers with non-

tertiary education levels experiencing work

accidents 2,095 (95% CI: 1,103-3,802) times

compared to workers with college education

levels high because workers with non-tertiary

education levels tend not to comply with

existing safety rules.

2. Tool Factors

a. Machine Condition

Equipment is the main source for workers to

support the production process in a company.

If equipment or working tools are inadequate

or not functioning normally, this can disrupt

the production process, such as a broken

machine, or there has never been a repair or

checking the condition of the machine, this

certainly can hinder the production process

and can even cause workers' accidents

(Hadipoerto, 2014)

Based on the results of research Sulhinayatilah

(2017) regarding the factors associated with

the incidence of workplace accidents in the

production section workers at PT. PP London

sumtera Indonesia Tbk found a relationship

between the condition of the machine with the

occurrence of workplace accidents on the part

of production workers.

Machine Safety Equipment Availability

Machine security is the most term of a means

provided to effectively protect workers from

harmful physical contact with moving

machine parts or other dangerous conditions,

machine security and other safety devices are

provided and maintained to protect machine

operators (Tarwaka, 2013)

ICOH 2019 - 1st International Conference on Health

296

Based on the results of research Sulhinayatilah

(2017) regarding the factors associated with

the incidence of workplace accidents in the

production section workers at PT. PP London

sumatera Indonesia Tbk, found a relationship

between machine safety equipment with

workplace accidents in production workers.

c. Machine Location

There is a reciprocal relationship between

humans and machines. The human function in

the human relations of machines in a series of

production is as a controller of the running of

the machine. Machines and tools are organized

so that they are safe and efficient enough to do

work and are easy. Also included in the layout

in applying the machine's position. The farther

the position of the machine with the workers,

the potential danger that causes an accident

will be smaller. So as to reduce the number of

accidents that might occur (Budiono, 2003)

Based on the results of Swaputri's research

(2009) concerning the analysis of the causes of

work accidents at PT. The herbal medicine for

the fountain is found to have a relationship

between the location of the machine and the

incidence of work accidents in the production

section workers.

3. Environmental Factors

a. Noise

Noise is an unwanted sound/sound (Budiono,

2003). Noise to workers can reduce comfort at

work, disrupt communication or conversation

between workers, reduce concentration reduce

hearing and deafness due to noise. In

accordance with the Decree of the Minister of

Workers Number; KEP-51 / MEN / 1999

concerning the Threshold Value of Physical

Factors at Work, the recommended noise

intensity is 85 dBA for 8 hours of work.

Based on the results of research Fadhilah

(2011) regarding the factors that influence

workplace accidents in the die casting process

at PT. X cikarang Barat in Bekasi west java

district found a relationship between noise and

the occurrence of workplace accidents on

workers.

b. Temperature

A room that is too hot and too cold can cause

workers to get tired quickly due to loss of

fluids and salt, if the excessive heat of the

environment the body temperature will

increase causing health problems, in severe

conditions the body temperature is very high

which results in fainting to death, too cold

conditions will also cause workers to get sick

often so that it will reduce their endurance

(Sucipto, 2014)

Based on the results of Juliana's research

(2018) regarding factors related to work

accidents in gong craftsmen in Tihingan sub-

village, Klungkung regency found a

relationship between temperature and the

incidence of work accidents on workers.

c. Lighting

Lighting at work is one source of light that

illuminates objects at work. Many work

objects along with objects or tools and

conditions around them that need to be seen by

workers. This is important to avoid accidents

that might occur (Budiman, 2003).

Based on the results of research Fadhilah

(2011) regarding the factors that influence

workplace accidents in the die casting process

at pt. West Cikarang West Bekasi Bekasi

district to get the relationship between lighting

with workplace accidents on workers.

d. Supervision

Supervision is a manager's activity that

endeavors to carry out the work according to

the plan set and the desired results. For

supervision to be successful, managers must

carry out inspection, checking, matching,

inspection, control and various similar actions

(Ramli, 2013)

Based on the results of Raja's research (2018)

regarding the factors associated with

workplace accidents at PT. The source of

karindo Sakti High Cliff is found to be a

relationship between supervision and

workplace accidents on workers.

e. Housekeeping

Housekeeping is the effort of an agency in

creating a safe and comfortable work

environment, including storing work

equipment, industrial waste disposal, and dry

and clean workspaces. Housekeeping is

considered as a preventive activity as well as

control efforts. General principles House-

keeping is not just about the cleanliness of the

workplace but also striving for the placement

of appropriate, appropriate and correct

equipment, prioritizing safe work processes

and so that activities can take place optimally,

efficiently and effectively and prevent work

accidents (Suma'mur 2009)

Based on the results of Akmalia's research

(2018) regarding the relationship between the

characteristics of workers and the work

Relation Man Factors with Work Accident in Injection Phylon Unit at PT. X

297

environment with workplace accidents at PT.

clairvoyant works get a relationship between

housekeeping and workplace accidents on

workers.

4 RESULT

4.1 Univariate Analysis

It aims to obtain an overview of each variable

presented in the form of a frequency distribution.

Based on the results of the study, the dependent

variable is the incidence of workplace accidents and

the independent variables of gender, age, years of

service and level of education in the table below.

Table 1: Overview of workplace accidents and related

Human Factors in the Phylon Injection Unit of PT. X of

2018.

No Factors Frequency %

Work Accident

Yes 95 49,0

No 99 51,0

Gender

Male 125 64,4

Female 69 35,6

Age

Young (≤ 45 tahun) 176 90,7

Old (> 45 tahun) 18 9,3

Year of service

New (≤ 3 tahun) 30 15,5

Old (> 3 tahun) 164 84,5

Level of education

Low education

(SD-SMA)

187 96,4

High education

(DIII-S1)

7 3,6

Results of the analysis of workplace accidents at

the Phylon Injection Unit of PT. X in 2018 obtained

from 194 respondents, as many as 95 (49.0%)

respondents had work accidents and as many as 99

(51.0%) respondents, the number of respondents who

had work accidents as many as 95 respondents was

greater than the work accident rate in 2018 as many

as 52 cases, this is because many respondents who

experienced minor category accidents did not report

to the OHS Department. In this research, the gender

variable of male respondents was 125 respondents

(64.4%) and the gender of the female respondents was

69 respondents (35.6%). The age variable distribution

of the young age category (≤ 45 years) is 176

respondents (90.7%), while the age category of

workers (> 45 years) is 18 respondents (9.3%). The

distribution of the length of service for respondents in

the new category (≤ 3 years) was 30 respondents

(15.5%), while the category of new workers with a

service life> 3 years was 164 respondents (84.5%).

The distribution of the length of service for

respondents in the category of new workers with low

levels of education (SD-SMA) was 184 respondents

(96.4%), while the category of workers with levels of

tertiary education (DIII-SI) was 7 respondents

(3.6%).

4.2 Bivariate Analysis

Aims to see whether or not there is a relationship

between the independent variable and the dependent

variable tested using the chi-square test, with a

significance limit of p <0.05. So if the results of the

study show a p-value <0.05 then it is said (Ho)

rejected, meaning that the two variables have a

statistically significant relationship.

Table 2: Results of cross-tabulation of Human Factors with

workplace accidents.

Human

Factors

Work accident

value

95%

Yes No

n % n %

1 Gender

Male

65 52,0 60 48,0 0,324 1,196

(0,871-

1,643)

Female

30 43,5 39 56,5

2 Age

Young (≤

45 tahun)

81 46,0 95 54,0 0,020 2,429

(1,013-

5,827)

Old (> 45

tahun)

14 77,8 4 22,2

3 Year of service

New (≤ 3

tahun)

12 40,0 18 60,0 0,384 0,790

(0,497-

1,257)

Old (> 3

tahun)

83 50,6 81 49,4

4 Level of education

Low

education

(SD-

SMA)

90 48,1 97 51,9 0,409 0,674

(0,412

1,102)

High

education

(DIII-S1)

5 71,4 2 28,6

Statistical test results showed that the gender

variable did not have a significant relationship with

the incidence of workplace accidents (p = 0.324) and

respondents with a male gender category had a risk of

1.196 times having an accident at work compared

with the female sex category (PR = 1.196). For the

age variable, there is a significant relationship with

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the incidence of workplace accidents (p = 0.020) and

respondents with the age category of the young

category (≤ 45 years) have a risk of 2,429 times the

incidence of work accident compared to the age

category of the old category (> 45 years) (PR = 2,429

). For the variable of tenure, there is no significant

relationship with the incidence of workplace

accidents (p = 0.384) and respondents with long years

of service (> 3 years) risk 1,266 times experiencing

workplace accidents compared to the category of new

tenure (≤ 3 years) (PR = 0.790). And the education

level variable was not significantly related to work

accidents (p = 0.409) and respondents with higher

education category had a risk of 1,484 times having

work accident compared to the low education

category (PR = 0.674).

5 DISCUSSION

In this study, researchers found several limitations of

the study, among others, this research is descriptive

with cross-sectional methods, so it can not provide an

explanation of the existence of a causal relationship,

only shows the relationship between variables.

5.1 Relationship between Gender and

Work Accidents

Statistical test results obtained that the p-value of

0.324 with a value of α = 0.05, it can be seen the value

of p> 0.05 so that the conclusion is Ho failed to reject,

which means there is no meaningful relationship

between the age of workers and the incidence of

workplace accidents in the PT. X. Based on the

analysis, the value of the Prevalence Ratio is 1.196,

which means that respondents with a male sex

category have a risk of 1.196 times having an accident

at work compared to the female sex category.

This contradicts the results of research conducted

by Riyadina (2014), found that male workers have

doubled the number of 647 workers compared with

female workers of 303 workers and shows that p-

value <0.05 which means there is a relationship

between the sex with the incidence of work accidents

with the risk of male workers having work accidents

3.25 (95% CI: 2.29-4.62) times compared to female

workers due to lack of prudence of male workers

while doing work.

The types of work between men and women are

very different. The social division of labor between

men and women causes differences in the types of

jobs that people receive, so work accidents are

experienced differently. There are more male work

accidents than women. Responsibly, the

concentration and prudence of men and women differ

so that adjustments are needed in workload and work

policies, including when doing work that requires

caution and accuracy. These two things men need

policy adjustments in the work process (Erlina, 2017).

From the results of filling out the questionnaire

from 194 respondents, it was found that the male

gender category was 125 respondents (64.4%), while

the female gender category was 69 respondents

(35.6%). This is due to work activities in three

Injection Phylon Sub Units (Material Sub Unit,

Molding Sub Unit, and Injection Phylon Sub Unit).

Many male workers have more physical strength than

women while female workers are only placed in one

Injection Phylon Sub Unit. (Sub Quality Unit) whose

work requires more caution than physical strength.

From the results of the research and description, it

can be concluded that there is no significant

relationship between the sex of workers with

workplace accidents and male workers have a risk of

1,196 times the incidence of workplace accidents

compared to female workers, this is because of PT. X

has placed male workers and female workers in sub-

units according to the type of work operations

performed by workers so that this can reduce the

danger/risk for the occurrence of workplace

accidents.

5.2 Relationship between Age and

Work Accident

The results obtained that the p-value of 0.020 with a

value of α = 0.05, it can be seen the value of p <0.05

so that the conclusion is Ho rejected, which means

there is a significant relationship between the age of

workers and the incidence of workplace accidents in

the Phylon Injection Unit of PT. X.

Based on the analysis, the value of the Prevalence

Ratio is 2.429, which means that respondents with a

young age (≤45 years) are 2.429 times at risk of

experiencing workplace accidents compared with age

(> 45 years).

This is in line with the results of research

conducted by Tia Purwati (2018) obtained p-value =

0.003 <0.05, which means there is a relationship

between age and the incidence of workplace accidents

and young workers at risk of workplace accidents

2,095 (95% CI: 1,143-3,842 ) times compared to old

age workers.

Workers' age is also regulated by the Labor Law,

namely the Law of January 6, 1951, No.1 Article 1.

Young workers generally have a stronger, dynamic

and creative physique, but are easily bored, lack

Relation Man Factors with Work Accident in Injection Phylon Unit at PT. X

299

responsibility, tend to be absent, and turnover low.

According to Erlina (2017), experience for alertness

to accidents increases according to age, length of

service in the company and the length of time at work

in the relevant workplace. With increasing age, a

person will be increasingly vigilant to avoid

workplace accidents. According to Hernawati's

research (2014), young workers have a tendency to

have work accidents due to lack of attention, lack of

discipline, tend to obey, careless, and in a hurry.

From the results of filling out the questionnaire

from 194 respondents, it was found that the category

of young workers (≤ 45 years) was 176 respondents

(90.7%), while the category of elderly workers (> 45

years) was 18 respondents (9.3%). This is because the

work activities in the three Phylon Injection Sub

Units, namely the Material Sub Unit, Molding Sub

Unit, and Injection Phylon Sub Unit) use a lot more

physical strength than younger workers have.

From the results of the study and the description,

it can be concluded that there is a significant

relationship between age variables and occupational

accidents and young category workers (≤ 45 years) at

2,429 times the risk of experiencing workplace

accidents compared to older category workers (> 45

years). Young category workers (≤ 45 years) have a

higher level of carelessness compared to older

category workers (> 45 years) because young

category workers (≤ 45 years) are more emphasized

to be able to meet the daily production targets set by

companies in the sub-unit each and also young

category workers (≤ 45 years) have less sense of

responsibility compared to old category workers (>

45 years) due to reducing the burden of achieving the

targets that have been determined resulting in many

young category workers (≤ 45 years) ) who left the

work area without permission or without the

knowledge of the leader of his sub-unit during

working hours such as going to the toilet, meeting or

talking with his friends, and others. With this, the

company should check young workers regularly in

their respective work areas carried out by the Unit

leader or sub Unit leader. The Human Resources

Department conducts training on topics of values,

norms and responsibilities, further enhancing the

guidance conducted for young workers who have

experienced workplace accidents so as to better

understand and be more careful in carrying out their

work and put up posters on procedures for carrying

out manual manuals that are properly and correctly

posted in the work area.

5.3 Relationship between Work Period

and Work Accident

The results obtained that the p-value of 0.384 with a

value of α = 0.05, it can be seen the value of p> 0.05

so that the conclusion is Ho failed to reject, which

means there is no meaningful relationship between

the work period of workers and the incidence of work

accidents in the PT Phylon Injection Unit. X. Based

on the analysis, the value of the Prevalence Ratio is

0.790, which means that respondents with a category

of long years of service (> 3 years) have a risk of

1,266 times having an accident at work compared to

the category of new years of service (≤ 3 years).

This is contrary to the research conducted by

Winarto et al (2016) found that the number of new

category of workers (≤ 3 years) has a higher number

of 54 workers compared to the old category of

workers (> 3 years) of 6 workers and shows that p-

value = 0.006 <0.05, which means that there is a

relationship between work period and the incidence

of work accidents due to the working period of the

new category (≤ 3 years) lacking experience in doing

work.

As expressed by Andi Mapiere, job growth can be

experienced by someone only if it is experienced and

experienced by the learning process and it is expected

that the person concerned has an increasingly positive

work attitude towards, has improved work skills

(knowledge) and has increased work skills in quality

and quantity (Faizin and Winarsih, 2008). The factors

that influence the length of service between them are

the level of job satisfaction, work environment stress,

career development, workers compensation. The

working period is categorized into two, covering the

working period of the new category ≤ 3 years and the

working period of the old category> 3 years (Hani,

2007).

From the results of filling out the questionnaire

from 194 respondents, it was known that the category

of new workers with tenure ≤ 3 years was 30

respondents (15.5%), while the category of new

workers with tenure masa 3 years was 164

respondents (84.5%). This is because workers who

have been placed in the Phylon Injection Unit are not

rotated or moved to other work units such as the

Stitching Unit, Emboss Unit, and others at PT. X or

workers in the Phylon Injection Unit are only rotated

between sub-units in the Phylon Injection Unit itself.

From the results of the study and the description

above, it can be concluded that there is no meaningful

relationship between work period variables with work

accident incidents, and workers with long work

period (> 3 years) at 1,266 times the risk of

ICOH 2019 - 1st International Conference on Health

300

experiencing workplace accidents compared to the

new work period category (≤ 3 years), this is because

not all workers with new categories of service (≤ 3

years) have the ability, skills, and skills in carrying

out their work under workers with long tenure (> 3

years), this is because the company has provided

opportunities and training the same in developing the

potential of all workers without distinguishing the

working life of the workers themselves so that both

young workers and older workers have the same

opportunity in achieving a higher career path in the

company.

5.4 Relationship between Education

Level and Work Accidents

The results obtained that the p-value of 0.409 with a

value of α = 0.05, it can be seen the value of p> 0.05

so that the conclusion is Ho failed to reject, which

means there is no significant relationship between

education level and work accident in PT. X.

Based on the analysis, the value of the Prevalence

Ratio is 0.674, which means that respondents with a

higher education category are at risk of 1,484 times

experiencing workplace accidents compared to the

low education category.

This is contrary to research conducted by Eva

Hernawati (2017) found that workers with non-

tertiary education (SD-SMA) have a higher number

of 172 workers compared to workers with tertiary

education (DIII-S1), namely as many as 2 workers

and showed that p-value = 0.001 <0.05 which means

there is a relationship between the level of education

with the incidence of workplace accidents with the

risk of workers with low levels of education

experiencing workplace accidents 2,095 (95% CI:

1,103-3,802) times compared to workers with levels

tertiary education due to workers with non-tertiary

education levels tends not to comply with existing

safety rules.

Education is an important factor in motivating

someone to act. A person's behavior based on

knowledge will be more enduring than someone's

behavior without being based on knowledge.

Knowledge is the result of tofu that occurs after a

person senses the object being observed (Notoatmojo,

2007). The level or level of education is the stage of

continuing education, which is determined based on

the level of development of students, the level of

complexity of teaching materials and how to present

teaching materials (Ihsan, 2006).

From the results of filling out the questionnaire

from 194 respondents, it is known that the category

of new workers with a low level of education (SD-

SMA) was 184 respondents (96.4%), while the

category of workers with a tertiary education level

(DIII-SI) was 7 respondents (3, 6%). This is because

the company will provide training in advance to all

that will be placed in the Phylon Injection Sub Unit

that will be placed on how the work process or how

to operate the machine in their respective places.

From the results of the study and the description

above, it can be concluded that there is no significant

relationship between the level of education variables

and the incidence of workplace accidents, and

workers of tertiary education (DIII-S1) risk 1,484

times compared to workers of lower education (SD-

SMA), this is because all workers both workers with

low education levels (SD-SMA) and higher education

(DIII-S1) have the same opportunities and efforts in

learning and mastering the way of working in their

respective workplaces and workers with higher

education levels (DIII-SI) in its work activities it must

conduct supervision, reporting, and inputting data in

all sub-units in the Phylon Injection Unit so that it has

a greater risk of work accidents compared to workers

with low education levels (SD-SMA) who are only

placed in one sub-unit.

6 CONCLUSIONS AND

SUGGESTIONS

6.1 Conclusion

Based on the results of research conducted on Human

Factors related to work accidents in the Phylon

Injection Unit of PT. X of 2018 are:

1. Description of workplace accidents on workers in

the Phylon Injection Unit of PT. X in 2018,

workers who experienced a work accident

(49.0%) had a small difference with workers who

did not have a work accident (51.0%) and most

workers in the Phylon Injection Unit who had a

minor accident were not reported to the OHS

department.

2. Description of the gender of workers in the Phylon

Injection Unit of PT. X in 2018, male workers

(64.4%) were more than female workers (35.6%).

3. Age description of workers at PT. X in 2018

young workers ≤ 45 years (90.7%) more than

young workers> 45 years (9.3%).

4. Description of the working period of workers in

the PT. X in 2018 with a new work period of ≤ 3

years (15.5%) less than the old workers with a

long service life> 3 years (84.5%).

Relation Man Factors with Work Accident in Injection Phylon Unit at PT. X

301

5. Description of the level of education of workers

in the PT. X In 2018, workers with low

elementary-high school education (96.4%) in the

Phylon Injection Unit of PT. X more than workers

with tertiary education in S1-S1 (3.6%).

6. There is no significant relationship between the

sex of workers with workplace accidents and male

workers at more or less the same risk of having

workplace accidents with female workers (p-

value = 0.324 and PR = 1.196).

7. There was a significant relationship between age

and work accidents and workers in the young age

category ≤ 45 years were twice as likely to

experience workplace accidents as compared to

workers in the age category> 45 years (p-value =

0.020 and PR = 2.429).

8. There is no meaningful relationship between work

tenure and work accident, and workers in the new

work category ≤ 3 years are at approximately the

same risk of experiencing work accident with a

long work period> 3 years (p-value = 0.384 and

PR = 0.790).

9. There is no meaningful relationship between

education level and work accident variables, and

workers with lower education levels in

elementary and high school are more or less the

same risk as tertiary education workers in S1-S1

(p-value = 0.409 and PR = 0.674).

6.2 Suggestion

1. The company conducts routine checks carried out

by the head of the Unit / sub-Unit to young

workers during work time.

2. The company conducts training on values, norms

and responsibilities in the work carried out by the

Human Resources Department.

3. The company provides guidance or counseling to

young workers who have experienced workplace

accidents to understand and be more careful in

carrying out their work.

4. The company puts up posters on procedures for

carrying out manual manuals that are properly and

correctly posted in the work area.

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