Development of Android based Soccer-based Muscle Training Media

for Children Ages 12-14 Years

Mansur

, Angga Praditya Pamungkas

Sport Coaching Department, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jl. Colombo No. 1, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: Muscle Strength, Soccer, Application, Android.

Abstract: This study aims to develop a training media using the application of android-based soccer muscle strength

training for children aged 12-14 years about heating material, muscle strength training material, and there

are tests and measurements. The research method used is research and development with reference to

(Sugiyono, 2013) research steps which were adapted into 10 steps. The subject of this study is the choice of

players according to the age of 12-14 years. The results obtained from the material expert validation of 66%

means that it is good enough, the validation of media experts shows that the results of the 65.90%

evaluation means that it is good enough. In the small group trial, the application got the results of 84.3% in

the good / proper category and in the trial of the large group of applications the results were 91.63% in the

good / decent category. It is concluded that this application is good / feasible to use.

1 INTRODUCTION

Football is the branch of sports that most people

loved and it fascinated most of the people around the

world, nowadays. Considering plenty of information

about football serves by electronic media and printed

media is one of the most factual indications that

football is the most popular sport. In Indonesia, the

children’s interests through football playing are also

soaring. Especially in DIY, there is a lot of soccer

coaching prepared by the institutions or private

courses. The early age coaching is enchanting

especially for the development of football in

Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta region. By this

coaching, the people benefits by introducing the

early ages and teens about football accordingly they

are able to be geared up earlier.

Almost all the Football Schools (Sekolah Sepak

Bola) in Sleman region hire the local coaches who

live near the region, the writer has seen from the

situation that the coaches have not maximized the

knowledge of sport science. Stepping from this

problem, the writer tries to give the solution to the

problem by digging more in one of the aspects in

football, which is the physical condition of the

football players age 12-14 about the muscle strength

that the writer observed their knowledge about the

muscle strength was still low.

The division of age according to the long term

athlete development theory, is divided based on the

stages of coaching, those are: First, Fundamental

Stage ( 6-10) years, the second is Training to train

Stage (10-14) years focused on the physical and

technique along with the training and match portion

division of 75:25 (Istvan Balyi, 2001). Besides, the

match completed is not oriented to winning only,

hence, it is done to apply the skill in the match and

to build the confidence of the athletes. The third is

Training to compete Stage (14-18) years. The Fourth

is Training to win > 18 yearsold.

As we know that for the children aged 10-14

years or the stage of training to train, the children

must be equipped through the tough physical and

technical training as their underpinning step to go to

the next stage that is training to compete. From the

data collecting result completed by the writer by

interviewing the coaches, discussing about the

training problem of physical condition, those are

first, the training program appears to be complex to

be prepared because of the training program time,

the second problem is that there is a friction between

the training meetings and school schedule, the third

is the lack of the training facilities, and the forth is

the coach insights is still deprived to understand the

children and the phases. One of the problems stated

by the coach was the lack of training facilities.

Striding along from this problem the writer tried to

Mansur, . and Pamungkas, A.

Development of Android based Soccer-based Muscle Training Media for Children Ages 12-14 Years.

DOI: 10.5220/0009205400130017

In Proceedings of the 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science in conjunction with the 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Spor ts

(YISHPESS and CoIS 2019), pages 13-17

ISBN: 978-989-758-457-2

give the innovation about the supporting media that

help the players to do the exercises independently to

increase the physical condition of the players, so

they are able to do the training individually and do

not depend on the training schedule from Football

School (SSB). The goal of the media is to cover

several aspects required in the muscle strength when

playing football if they maximize their training. At

the age of 12-14 years old, there are expansion

occurred in the complex words mastery (Fischer &

Lazerson, 1984), where the players become better in

analyzing the one word function that takes role in

the sentences of the application (Santrok, 2007). The

players learn to understand the certain vocabularies

that they have not acquired when they are in the

fields along with the coach. Thus, this application is

created to help the players to analyze the goal in of

the sentences in the application and help them to

boost their insights about the strength training

pattern without depending on the coach since the

application is validated, in other words, the users of

this application are able to conduct the training at

home even when there is no coaching companion,

the players still obtain the optimal training results

when they accomplish the steps consisted in the

application about the football muscle strength.

This application consists of the strength training

technique materials with or without tools, video

tutorials, training execution explanation, test and

measurement, and warming up, so that the

application can be used as the coach learning source

and simplify the players to conduct supplementary at

home training to achieve the optimal result. The

verity showed that the players are still dependant to

the coach because there are no sufficient facilities to

carry out self-training.

This research is aimed to create a product of

football strength training media development,

android-based for the age of 12-14 years old. By this

application, the players are expected to do self-

training at home without depending on the training

schedule and by this application, the players are also

expected to gain optimal results since this

application is validated.

2 METHODS

2.1 Research Type

This research applies the Research and Development

method. The research and development is one of the

research methods to create a certain product by

applying a need analysis research to test the

effectiveness of the product so that the product

benefits to the society (Sugiyono, 2013).

This research is aimed to develop the android-

based application about types of football muscle

strength training for the coach and the children of

12-14 years old which is able to be used as self-

training source and supporting tool in determining

the training materials given by the coach, validated

and feasible to be applied as the learning media by

the users.

2.2 Research Time and Place

The testing tool creation was done in Technique

Faculty (FT) UNY. The implementation of the

testing tool was done in SSB Satria Pandawa and

SSB Baturetno. The small group trial test was done

on April 15, 2019 and large group trial test was done

on April 19, 2019.

2.3 Research Population and Sample

The subjects of this development test were SSB

Pandawa and SSB Baturetno. The trial test was done

in several stages. Small group trial and large group

trial the technique of determining the trial subject in

this research was done by the purposive sampling

method. Purposive sampling is a technique to

determine the sample by considering certain criteria

(Arikunto, 1987).

2.4 Data Collecting Instrument

The questionnaire is one type of data collecting

technique by giving the written questions to the

respondents to be answered (Sugiyono, 2013). The

Questionnaire can be a question/ closed question or

open question. The types of the questionnaire based

on its format divided into three, those are: (1)

Multiple Choices Questionnaire, (2) Check list. (3)

Rating Scale (Sugiyono, 2012).

The data collection in the research and development

of android-based football muscle strength training

media used a closed and open questionnaire, which

on the next page is accompanied by a suggestion

column. The questionnaire was given to the media

expert lecturer, materials expert lecturer and

physical condition expert lecturer and the

respondents from the experimental people.

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

2.5 Data Analysis Technique

Data analysis technique is a way to find out the

results of the conducted research. The data analysis

includes all the activities of clarifying, analyzing,

applying and drawing the conclusion from all data

collected in the action. After the data is collected,

the data will be processed. The data analysis

technique used in this research is a quantitative

analysis technique that valued by numbers.

Percentage is proposed to understand the status

presented and served in the form of percentage (%).

Formula of measuring the validity is as follow

(Sugiyono, 2013):

Information:

(1)

CS: Counted Score

CrS: Criteria Score

The result of the calculation shall be made in the

form of percentage by multiplying it to 100% After

obtaining the percentage by using the formula, the

validity of android-based football muscle strength

training in this research is grouped into four validity

categories by using this scale.

Table 1: Validity percentage categories (Arikunto, 1993)

Score in precentage Validity Categories

<40% Not Good/ Not Vali

40%-5% Poor/ Poor Validit

56%-75% Fair/ SufficientlyVali

76%-100% Good/Vali

The questionnaire used in this research is scoring

or response questionnaire in the form of answers and

scoring information, those are: (1) Strongly

Disagree/Strongly Invalid, (2) Not Suitable/not

valid, (3) Fair/Valid, (4) Very Suitable/Very valid

3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Materials Expert Validation Result

The validation assessor of material expert in this

research is Dr. Or. Mansur, MS.

Table 2: Materials expert scoring result data

Assessed

Aspects

Counted

Score

Criteria

Score

% Category

Content

Validit

26 40 65% Fair

Truth

Concept

11 16 68,75% Fair

TOTAL 37 56 66% Fai

3.2 Materials Expert Validation Result

The media expert that became the validation

assessor in this research was Dr. Or. Mansur, MS.

Table 3: Media expert scoring result data.

Assessed

Aspects

Counte

Score

Criteria

Score

% Category

Dis

21 28 75% Fai

Gramma

15 24 62,5 % Fai

Pro

rammin

11 16 68,75

Fai

Application 11 20 55% Poo

TOTAL 58 88 65,90

Fai

The application of android-based football muscle

strength training went through one revision from the

media and materials experts. After the revision, thus

the application was stated as valid and was able to

continue to the respondents’ trial to the early age

football players based on the age characteristics on

the research’s title.

3.3 Small Group Trial

After going through the validation from the experts

and doing several revisions from the media and

materials experts, so that the android-based football

muscle strength training application was valid to be

tested. Translated by Sugiyono stated that field trial

test is done by conducting the test in1-3 places by

each subject of 6-12 respondents. In this case, the

researcher took the small group trial test that has the

background in playing football for the number of 12

respondents which are grouped by the age group 4

persons in u-12, 5 persons in u-13, and 3 persons in

u-14 (Borg and Gall, 1983).

The result of the small group through the

android-based of football muscle strength training

application was as follow:

Formula:

Development of Android based Soccer-based Muscle Training Media for Children Ages 12-14 Years

Table 4: Small group trial test.

Assessed

Aspects

Counte

Score

Criteria

Score

% Category

Display 331 384 86,19%

Good/

Vali

Grammar 84 96 87,5%

Good/

Vali

Programming 432 528 81,81%

Good/

Vali

4 Application

165

192 85,93%

Good/

Vali

The result from the small group trial test about

the android-based of football muscle strength

training application obtained the score of 86.19% in

display validity, which means that the application is

good/ valid., from the grammar aspect, this

application obtained the percentage of 87.5% and

categorized as good/ valid, meanwhile from the

programming aspect, this application obtained the

score of 81.81% which categorized as good/ valid,

from the application aspect, the score obtained was

in the percentage of 85.93% and categorized as

good/ valid. The total of the small group trial test

about the android-based of football muscle strength

training application was 84.3% which included into

good/ valid category, thus this means that this

application was able to be tested to the next level.

3.4 Large Group Trial test

After going through the small group scale trial test

and conducted several revisions, the android-based

of football muscle strength training application is

valid to be tested for the larger group.

Translated by Sugiyono in the 6th points that the

large group field trial test should be tested in 5 to 15

places with the 30-100 subjects. In this study, the

researcher took the large group trial test sample from

the football players of two different football schools

with the quantity of 7 u-13, 14 u-12 and 9 u-14 and

the total were 30 respondents (Borg and Gall, 1983).

The result of the large group trial test about the

android-based of football muscle strength training

application was as follow:

Table 5: Large group trial test result.

Assessed

Aspects

Counte

Score

Criteria

Score

% Category

Content

Validit

1154 1320 87.42%

Good/

Vali

2 Grammar 224 240 93.33%

Good/

Vali

3 Display 1259 1320 95.37%

Good/

Vali

Application

Validit

442 480 92.08%

Good/

Vali

TOTAL 3079 3360 91.63%

Good/

Vali

The result of the large group about the android-

based of football muscle strength training

application obtained 87.42% for the validity content,

which means this application is good/ valid, from the

grammar aspect, this application obtained the

percentage of 93.33% included into the good/ valid

category, meanwhile for the display point of view,

this application obtained the percentage of 95.37%

which categorized as good/ valid. From the

application validity, this application obtained the

percentage score of 92.08% which is included into

the category of good/ valid. The total test of the

large group trial in the android-based application of

football muscle strength was 91.63% categorized as

good/valid, thus, it can be concluded that the

application is valid for mass production and

becomes the media to conduct the muscle strength in

football.

Based on the trial test that is done in two stages,

small group to large group test, the result obtained a

raise from 86.19% to 87.42%, from the content

validity aspect, from the grammar aspect, the incline

was 80.41% to 93.33%, from the display aspect was

80.22% to 95.37%, and from the validity of the

application raised from 85.93% to 92.08%, thus the

total score of the raise from the small group to the

large group was 84.3% to 90.44% or it can be

simplified that the raise was 6.14%.

3.5 Discussion

The development of the android-based application of

football muscle strength designed and produced as

the training media that put the players age 12-14

years old at ease in comprehending and

understanding how to do the football muscle

strength training for the early age players in a well

submission in order to avoid the accident jeopardy.

Moreover, this application is easily accessed and

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

downloaded as the electronic media is also

developed nowadays.

This research transpired some stages; those are

the problem potential, data collecting, product

design, product validation, product revision, small

group trial test, product revision, large group trial

test, product revision, and the final production.

This product developed by the cooperative action

from the informatics technique expert. The

application is easily downloaded since the capacity

of the application places small memory by only

saving the 5 MB of the device memory. The

application is also easy to understand and

comprehend since the content of the material of the

application is in Bahasa Indonesia. The application

is able to be updated or suited to the knowledge

development today. The type of similar application

in App Store is abundant and the way to distinguish

between this application and others, that this

application uses Bahasa Indonesia. Besides, the

other thing you can observe to discriminate the

application is by the specific materials derived in

this application is specially design for certain ages. It

is also completed with the determination of the

training intensity. Nowadays, there are plenty of the

training applications; however, the users may risk

themselves by applying the training that is not suit to

their ages and needs.

After the product was finished, the validation

step from the material and media experts was

performed to the product. The validation from the

material expert obtained the percentage of 66%

meaning that the product was valid sufficiently by

some revisions such as changing the application

design which seemed excessively bright evaluated

by the expert. After the material validation, the

application obtained the percentage of 65.90% from

the media expert, meaning that the product was

adequately good, however the product got some

revisions by adding the measurement test, the

warming up manual, and more communicative

grammar.

The trial test for the application was conducted in

two stages; those were the small group and large

group test. Acquiring from the small group test, the

product obtained the score in percentage of 84.3%

included into the good/valid category. The

application did not need any suggestion or

improvement in small group trial test. Acquiring

from the large group test, the product obtained the

score in percentage of 90.44% included into the

good/valid category. The application did not need

any suggestion or improvement in large group trial.

4 CONCLUSIONS

The android-based application of football muscle

strength was created for the target of the children

age 12-14 years old since the prior observation held

before the research showed that there had not been

any innovation about the strength muscle training for

the players’ age 12-14 years old. The application

obtained a good response from the football players

started from the material, grammar, display and

application aspects. This research was emphasized

by the trial test result from the large group which

scored the validity percentage of 87.42% categorized

as good/valid, from the grammar aspect scored

80.41% categorized as good/valid, from the display

point of view, scored 80.22% categorized as good/

valid, and application validity scored of 83.75%

categorized as good/valid, with the total score of

percentage 83.57% categorized as good/valid.

REFERENCES

Istvan Balyi, 2001. Long-term Athlete Development the

system and solitions. Action Plus.

Arikunto, S., 1993. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan

Praktik. Rineka Cipta Jakarta.

__________., 1987. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan

Praktis. Bina Angkasa. Jakarta.

Borg, W.R. & Gall, M.D. Gall., 1983. Educational

Research: An Introduction, Longman. New York.

Fifth Edition.

Sugiyono, 2013. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif,

dan R&D. Alfabeta. Bandung.

Development of Android based Soccer-based Muscle Training Media for Children Ages 12-14 Years