Can the Community Participate in Fast Food Control?: A Case Study

in Kendari City

Tasnim

1,*

and Maria I. Lusida

Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Mandala Waluya Kendari, Kendari, Indonesia

Institute of Tropical disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords: Community, fast food, participate, control, hygiene and sanitation.

Abstract: Currently, there are huge fast food traders in Indonesia. However, there are a few of fast food traders who are

supervised by environmental staff in Health Center in Kendari City. Community participation in fast food

control is necessary. This study aimed to identify communities who can participate in fast food control in

Poasia Health Center in Kendari City. People, especially women who aged under 45 years old, married, having

small number of children and having social work experiences of 6-10 years could be involved actively in the

fast food control. This study also found that cadre’s age significant associated with fast food traders’

behavioral change in the food hygiene and sanitation management (p-value< 0.05). The younger cadres (<45

years) tended to change fast food traders’ hygiene and sanitation behavior towards better behavior to manage

their fast food, compared to the older cadres (>45 years). Cadres who aged under 45 years have high

mobilization and intensity to control fast food trader. Volunteer community such as cadres can participate to

control the fast food traders in Poasia Health Center in Kendari City. The younger cadres are effective to help

environmental staff in Health Center to increase food hygiene and sanitation.

1 INTRODUCTION

Kendari City health government in Southeast

Sulawesi Indonesia faced the unsanitary huge fast

food sellers. This has contributed to increasing the

number of communicable and non-communicable

diseases such as diarrhea and hypertension in Kendari

City(Dinkes Sultra, 2017). In 2015, there were about

63.28% of diarrhea and about 14.83% of

hypertension. Those were higher than other district

such as in North Konawe (6, 64%) and Wakatobi (15,

87%) of the prevalence of diarrhea. While the

prevalence of hypertension were also higher

compared to 7.15% of Bau-Bau City(Dinkes Sultra,

2017). The Health Department in Kendari City

implement several strategies. The strategies include

collaborated programs between the producers,

governments, non-government organization and

communities (Dinkes Sultra, 2017).

However, community involvement was still

unclear. While the number of unsecure fast food

sellers continued to rise(Story et al., 2008). Health

department has involved cadres or community

volunteers involve in the village comprehensive

health services(Abdullah et al., 2015). However,

cadre’s involvement in the fast food controller has

never been done until now. Therefore, this study

aimed to identify communities who can be involved

in the fast food control to reduce the foodborne

diseases in Kendari City of Southeast Sulawesi

Province.

2 METHODS

This experimental study applied a quasy Experiment

approach with the one-Group Pretest-posttest Design.

This study was conducted in three villages in Kendari

City of Southeast Sulawesi province Indonesia

namely Andonohu, Rahandauna and Wundumbatu

villages. This study was conducted from March to

July 2018. There were 39 out of 119 fast food traders

which were recruited and involved 17 women

volunteers. The women have had social experiences

in their villages. The sampling technique used the

purposive sample with the inclusive criteria of sample

were active cadre available in the village and there

were many fast food traders surrounding their houses.

Tasnim, . and I. Lusida, M.

Can the Community Participate in Fast Food Control?: A Case Study in Kendari City.

DOI: 10.5220/0009123200990103

In Proceedings of the 2nd Health Science International Conference (HSIC 2019), pages 99-103

ISBN: 978-989-758-462-6

The researcher excluded the communities who were

no active in the social activity and there was no or

limited the fast food traders surrounding their houses.

Data was collected through scores which were

collected by the 17s women volunteers with

Observational sheets. Data analysis used descriptive

and inferential analyses. Descriptive analysis was to

understanding percentage and distribution of the

characteristic women volunteers such as age,

education, occupation, marital status, number of

child, and social work experiences. Also, the

distribution of fast food trader’s behavior of hygiene

and sanitation management. The inferential analysis

was to understand the relationship between the

women volunteer’s age and the fast food trader’s

behavior regarding to food hygiene and sanitation

management. The statistical analysis used linier

Regression for the inferential analysis.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The characteristic of women volunteers who involved

in this study is presented table 1.

Table 1: Characteristic of Women Voluntters who involved in Fast Food Control in Kendari City in 2018.

Charactieristic of women volunteers

Number

Percentage (%)

Age: (Year)

30 – 34

10.3

35 - 39

7.7

40 - 44

35.9

45 - 49

41.0

≥50

5.1

Total

100.0

Education:

Primary School

2.6

Juniour High School

2.6

Seniour High School

61.5

Diploma / Bachelor

33.3

Total

100.0

Occupation:

No Work

51.3

Trader

23.1

Teacher

5.1

Civil Servant

20.5

Total

100.0

Marital status:

Married

97.4

Widow

2.6

Total

100.0

Number of child:

One (1)

2.6

Two (2)

59.0

Three (3)

7.7

Four (4)

2.6

Five (5)

28.2

Total

100.0

Social work experiences (Year):

0 – 5

28.2

6 - 10

41.0

11- 15

5.1

≥16

25.6

Total

100.0

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Table 2: The relationship between the age of women volunteers and the hygiene and sanitation behaviour change for the fast

food traders in Kendari City in 2018.

Model

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized

Coefficients

Sig.

95% Confidence Interval

for B

Std. Error

Beta

Lower

Bound

Upper

Bound

(Constant)

Age_Cadre

624.987

-1.574

27.982

.628

-.400

22.335

-2.506

.000

.017

568.057

-2.851

681.917

-.296

Dependent Variable: SCORE_Final Source: Linier regression, 2018

Figure 1: The relationship between the age of volunteers and the fast food trader’s hygiene and sanitation behavioural change

in 3 villages in Kendari City in 2018.

As presented in table 1, the majority of women

who aged under 45 years old, passed from senior high

school, married, having small number of children and

having social work experiences of 6-10 years become

actively in this fast food control program. Moreover,

women volunteer’s age was understood to have

significant association with the behavioral change for

the fast food traders regarding food hygiene and

sanitation management(Seo, Lee and Nam, 2011;

Pettigrew et al., 2012; Davison et al., 2015). This

means that the younger married women, under than

45 years old tended to be a good person to supervise

the fast food traders, compared to the elder’s

community (> 45 years old). This finding can be

explained with several reasons why the younger

women volunteers can control rightly than the

oldest(Story, Neumark-Sztainer and French, 2002;

Thornton, Bentley and Kavanagh, 2011). While the

relationship between the age of women volunteers

and the behavioral change of the fast food traders in

managing their sold food is presented in table 2.

First of all, the physical structure for people who

aged under than 45 years remains strong. The

majority of them still have good eyes, so they do not

have difficulty during observation. As we know that

people who control the fast food trader, they shall

take a look and make notes based on their assessment.

Therefore, the physical condition of eyes is

significant for observation and supervision(Story,

Neumark-Sztainer and French, 2002). Other physical

condition such as body and leg are also significant for

supervisor for fast food traders. This is because they

must walk or ride a motor cycle to reach the fast food

traders. This will need more energy. Therefore,

healthy physical condition become significant

requirement for women volunteer. Generally, people

who aged under 45 years old still have fit body(Story,

Neumark-Sztainer and French, 2002; Gordon-Larsen,

Guilkey and Popkin, 2011).

The young people have strong concentration and

have high energy. Even, some of them have a little

child at their home. However, they could go and take

control for the fast food traders because the majority

of women volunteers have two children. This also

have contributed to involve actively in the social

activities. The younger people have high self-

actualization needs as suggested by the Maslow

theory (Kaur, 2013; Skelsey Guest, 2018).

Can the Community Participate in Fast Food Control?: A Case Study in Kendari City

101

Furthermore, the younger women volunteers tend

to have good psychological condition than the older

women volunteer. There are strong association

between the physical condition and the psychological

condition. People with good psychological condition

tend to have good adaptation (Thornton, Bentley and

Kavanagh, 2011).

As showed in table 1 that the majority of women

who were active in this program passed from senior

high school and having some business. This means

that they have good family income and have better

knowledge(Story, Neumark-Sztainer and French,

2002; Thornton, Bentley and Kavanagh, 2011). In

other words, they have had wellbeing. Based on the

Maslow theory, if someone has been met with their

primary needs such as food, health, or housing, so

they will go to the up level of their need such as Love

and self-actualization needs(Kaur, 2013; Skelsey

Guest, 2018). The fact action which can be seen of

meeting with love and self needs is they will be active

in the social activities, such as involving in the fast

food control as a social work volunteer. Involving in

the fast food control, the married women can show

and share their knowledge and skill based on their

social experiences to others.

Furthermore, the married women who were active

in this study have involved in the social activities for

6-10 years. This means that they have much

experiences regarding community engagement. They

exactly have better communication strategy to

communities, so the communities become

comfortable and aware about their own behavior

problem (Story et al., 2008; Meyer et al., 2014). In

other words, the women volunteers have ability to

make behavioral change through effective

communication with the fast food traders. Therefore,

they were enjoy and did not have difficulty to

supervise the fast food traders.

The highest educational level for women

volunteer also have made them to decide the right

score for trader’s behavior related to fast food

hygiene and sanitation management when they

supervise the food traders(Berkes, Berkes and Fast,

2007; Gordon-Larsen, Guilkey and Popkin, 2011).

They were easy to understand vastly about the

observational sheet although training of this was

conducted once only(Gordon-Larsen, Guilkey and

Popkin, 2011; Thornton, Bentley and Kavanagh,

2011). However, several informal meetings with the

women volunteer to improve their skill were done,

including before and after supervision. Several

informal meetings allow the women volunteers to

take better control to the fast food traders in Kendari

City. The informal meeting was purposed to find the

best solution of supervision based on the issues,

including the issue of scoring, communication

technique and approaches. This study have showed

that involving the married young women volunteers

in the fast food control can be done effectively.

4 CONCLUSIONS

People, especially women who aged under 45 years

old, married, having small number of children and

having social work experiences of 6-10 years can be

involved in the fast food control. This because they

have skill to social communication, community

engagement, and having much time. Interestingly,

women volunteers who aged under 45 years old have

significant association with trader’s behavioral

change in food hygiene and sanitation in Kendari

City. The younger people tends to have high energy,

creative and have enough time to supervise the fast

food trader.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like to thank to Ministry of

Research, Technology and Higher Education of

Republic of Indonesia in Financial support of this

study and publication. My sincere also goes to

director of College of Mandala Waluya Health

Sciences Kendari who gave permission and motivate

to take this study. For the women volunteers in

Kendari City especially, I would like to thank very

much for your participation in this study.

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