Economic Value of Agroforestry in Telagah Village, Sei Bingei
District, Langkat - North Sumatra
R Rambey, R Batubara and AW Wilastri
Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Keywords: Agroforestry, economic value, type of product
Abstract: Telagah Village is one of the area of langkat. That village have agroforestry land which influence their
income. Types of agroforestry planted from generation to generation. The objective of the research were to
identify type of products of agroforestry which used by community, to determine the economical value of
the product and to find the contribution of utilization of agroforestry product in Telagah Village. This
research was conducted using purposive sampling. In this study, primary data and secondary data were used.
Primary data collected included types of results on agroforestry practices, socio-economic data, retrieval
frequency, time and time of collection, collection costs and forms of processing and marketing of forest
products. The result of the research shows that types of agroforestry in Telagah Village are Durio zibethinus,
Gracinia mangostana, Parkia speciosa, Archidendron pauciflorum, Theobroma cacao, Coffea arabica,
Aleurites moluccana, Salaccazalacca, Arengapinnata, Capsicum annum, Areca cathecu, Gracinia
atroviridis, Mussa acuminata, Etlinge raellatior, Zingibe rofficinale, Zea mays, Elaeis guinensis, Saccharon
officinarum, Bambusa vulgaris, Cycleabarbata, Cinnamomum burmannii, Cocos nucifera and Hevea
braziliensis. The highest economical value of agroforestry in Telagah is Durio zibethinus that is IDR
366.500.000,- /year and the lowest is Arenga pinnata as IDR502.500,-/year. The contribution of agroforestry
product in Telagah is IDR788.638.500,-/ year (77%) and non agroforestry is IDR 231.000.000,-/year (23%).
1 INTRODUCTION
Telagah Village is a village located in Sei Bingei
District, Langkat District, North Sumatra, Indonesia.
The pattern of land management in the agroforestry
system in Telagah Village takes place from
generation to generation. The agroforestry pattern
develops based on the knowledge of local farmers.
Community income depends heavily on the results
of agroforestry. According to Wijayanto (2015)
Agroforestry has been practiced for many years by
Indonesian farmers. One form of agroforestry is
known as "agroforest". Agroforest is a term used to
emphasize the close interaction between agricultural
components and forestry in the context of natural
resource management.
Many agroforestry systems developed in the
Sumatra region are agroforestry complexes.
Complex agroforestry according to Deforesta et al
(2000), is a sedentary farming system that involves
many types of tree plants (tree-based) both
intentionally planted and that grow naturally on a
plot of land and managed by farmers to follow
cropping patterns and ecosystems resembling forests.
In this system, besides there are various types of
trees, also shrubs, climbing plants (lianas), seasonal
plants and grasses in large quantities
The objectives of this study are (1) to identify
the types of agroforestry products utilized by the
people in Telagah Village, Sei Bingei District,
Langkat Regency, North Sumatra, (2) to calculate
the economic value of agroforestry practices by
communities in Telagah Village, Sei District Bingei,
Langkat Regency, North Sumatra, (3) Knowing the
contribution of income from agroforestry practices
obtained by communities in Telagah Village, Sei
Bingei District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra.
2 METHODOLOGY
The material used in the research activities was a
questionnaire to collect secondary and primary data,
maps of Sei Bingei sub-district and other
Rambey, R., Batubara, R. and Sulastri, A.
Economic Value of Agroforestry in Telagah Village, Sei Bingei District, Langkat - North Sumatra.
DOI: 10.5220/0008550201710175
In Proceedings of the International Conference on Natural Resources and Technology (ICONART 2019), pages 171-175
ISBN: 978-989-758-404-6
Copyright
c
 2019 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
171

documents related to the study location. Method of
collecting data. In this study, primary data and
secondary data were used. Primary data collected
included types of output on agroforestry practices,
socio-economic data, retrieval frequency, time and
time of collection, collection costs and forms of
processing and marketing of forest products.
Secondary data collected include: general conditions
of the research location or general data available at
village and sub-district government agencies.
Determination of respondents is conducted by
purposive sampling method. The sample taken is
intentionally towards the community that uses the
results of agroforestry practices in the vicinity of
Telagah Village, Sei Bingei District, Langkat
District, North Sumatra. Determination of the
number of respondents refers to Arikunto (2006) if
the subjects are less than 100 people, all are better
taken so that the research is population research.
However, if the number is greater than 100 people it
is taken between 10-15% or 20-25% or more. Based
on the figures obtained, it is known that the
population in Telagah Village is 917 households.
Based on the sampling procedure above, the
researchers took only 10% of the village. So that the
overall sample is 92 households as the number for
distributing questionnaires.
2.1 Data analysis Economic Value of
Agroforestry
Data obtained from observations in the field both
through interviews and questionnaires were then
analyzed quantitatively. The value of agroforestry
products for each type per year obtained by the
community is calculated by:
a. The price of agroforestry goods obtained is
analyzed by the market price approach, relative
prices and the approach to procurement costs. For
forest goods and services that are already known to
the market, the assessment is carried out with market
value (the prevailing value in the market). For the
results of agroforestry that have not been known for
their market prices but can be exchanged or
compared with the value of goods and services that
already have a market, the valuation is integrated
with the relative method. Whereas for forest
products and services that have not been known to
the market and are not included in the exchange
system, the valuation is carried out by the method of
procurement costs, namely the amount of costs
incurred to obtain these forest goods and service
b. Calculate the average value of items taken per
response per type,
Average number of items taken =
Xi + Xii + ... + Xn
N
Information:
Xi: The number of items taken by the respondent
n: Number of Lots of Takers per Type of Goods
c. Calculate the total collection per unit of goods
per year,
TP = RJ × FP × JP
Information:
TP: Total Retrieval per Year
RJ: Average Amount taken
FP: Frequency of Retrieval
JP: Amount of collection
d. Calculate the economic value of agroforestry
goods per item per year,
NH = TP × HH
Information:
NH: Value of Agroforestry Results per Type
TP: Total Retrieval (unit / year)
HH: Price of Agroforestry Results at Harvest
e. Calculate the percentage of economic value by:
%NE =
NEi
× 100%
∑NE
Information:
% NE: Percentage of Economic Value
NEi: Economic Value of Results of
Agroforestry / Types
∑NE: Total Economic Value of All
Agroforestry Results
2.2 Income Contribution from
Agroforestry Practices
The results of the calculation of agroforestry results
show the total income of agroforestry products of all
types per year, so that the value of the contribution
of the value of the results of agroforestry to
community income can be calculated. Calculating
the level of contribution to the use of agroforestry
products (Affandi and Patana, 2002).
Contribution =
Agroforestry Revenue
Results
× 100%
Total Income
ICONART 2019 - International Conference on Natural Resources and Technology
172

3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Based on the results of research conducted in
Telagah Village in Table 1. it shows that the
economic value of the use of agroforestry products
by the people of Telagah Village is IDR
788,638,500 per year for all actors in agroforestry
practices. This total value is obtained from the total
sum of agroforestry products utilized by
communities such as durian, mangosteen, petai,
jengkol, chocolate, coffee, candlenut, salak, aren,
chili, areca nut, asamglugur, banana, tamarind,
ginger, corn, palm oil, sugar cane , bamboo, sticky
rice, cassava, cinnamon, coconut and rubber.
According to Puspasari (2017) agroforestry
activities in Community Forest Lampung Barat
Indonesia it is known that 93 % of farmers are in
the prosperous category.
Tabel 1: Percentage of Product Economic Value in Telagah Village
No
Product of Agroforestry
Unit
Total
Retrieval
Price
(Rp)
Amount
(Rp)
Econo
mic
Value
(%)
Local name
Latin name
1
Durian
Durio zibethinus
Fruit
36.650
10.000
366.500.000
46.47
2
Manggis
Gracinia mangostana
Kg
4.400
15.000
66.000.000
8.4
3
Kopi
Coffea Arabica
Kg
1.550
30.000
46.500.000
5.94
4
Jengkol
Archidendron pauciflorum
Kg
5.150
8.000
41.200.000
5.27
5
Asam glugur
Gracinia atroviridis
Kg
11.000
3.500
38.500.000
4.88
6
Sawit
Elaeis guinensis
Kg
9.600
3.500
33.600.000
4.26
7
Petai
Parkia speciosa
Tie
2.650
10.000
26.500.000
3.39
8
Pisang
Mussa acuminate
Bunches
750
35.000
26.250.000
3.32
9
Cabai
Capsicum annum
Kg
925
25.000
23.125.000
2.93
10
Tebu
Saccharon officinarum
Stem
4.950
3.500
17.325.000
2.19
11
Salak
Salacca zalacca
Kg
2.100
8.000
16.800.000
2.13
12
Kemiri
Aleurites mouccana
Kg
3.450
4.700
16.215.000
2.05
13
Bambu
Bambusa vulgaris
Stem
2.900
5.000
14.500.000
1.83
14
Lengkong
Cyclea barbata
Kg
1.600
7.000
11.200.000
1.42
15
Jagung
Zea mays
Kg
3.550
2.500
8.875.000
1.12
16
Pinang
Areca cathecu
Kg
1.025
10.000
10.250.000
1.3
17
Asam cekala
Etlingera elatior
Kg
1.025
10.000
10.250.000
1.3
18
Kincong
Etlingera elatior
Kg
734
10.000
7.340.000
0.93
19
Coklat
Theobroma cacao
Kg
355
8.000
2.680.000
0.34
20
Kayumanis
Cinnamomum burmannii
Kg
74
27.000
1.998.000
0.25
21
Kelapa
Cocos nucifera
Fruit
307
4.000
1.228.000
0.15
22
Jahe
Zingiber officinale
Kg
160
4.000
640.000
0.08
23
Karet
Hevea brasiliensis
Kg
22
30.000
660.000
0.08
24
Aren
Arenga pinnata
Liter
335
1.500
502.500
0.06
Total
788.638.500
100
The types of agroforestry products that provide
the largest contribution are durian with an economic
value of Rp. 366,500,000, - and the types of
agroforestry products that make the smallest
contribution to the income of the people of Telagah
Village are sugar palm which is Rp. 502,500.
However, we can see the income from the practice
of palm agroforestry, namely processing of water
into palm sugar products and processing bamboo in
the village of Telagah, in Table 2.
According to Winarni (2018) research
agroforestry rubber and durian fruit in west
Kalimantan Indonesia, the maximum production of
rubber latex from three model were achieved at the
age of 17 years, while maximum prediction of
durian fruit was achieved at the age of 55 years. The
maximum growth increment of champor and durian
trees were achieved at the age 40 years. Financially,
the combined rubber and durian cultivation was the
most profitable.
According to Lisnawati (2017) one of plantation
crop commodities that play a pivotal role in the
economic growth is coffea. Coffea, despite not being
an indigenous plant of Indonesia, plays an important
role in the nation-wide plantation industry.
Economic Value of Agroforestry in Telagah Village, Sei Bingei District, Langkat - North Sumatra
173

3.1 Contribution of Agroforestry
Products to Household Income
The level of education in Telagah Village is a
graduate of Elementary, Middle School and High
School and rarely educated as a teacher. In Telagah
Village the main profession of the community is as
farmers. However, there are some rural communities
who have other professions as entrepreneurs,
entrepreneurs, and cattle breeders can be seen in
Table 2.
Table 2: Household income outside agroforestry
respondents of telagah village per year
No
Source of income
Total (Rp)
Persentage
(%)
1
Traders
15.000.000
7.10%
2
PNS
38.000.000
8.53%
3
Entrepreneurs
163.000.000
77.25%
4
Breeder
15.000.000
7.10%
Total
231.000.000
100%
The results of the research in Table 6 above
show that the biggest income outside agroforestry is
self-employment, which is Rp. 163,000,000 / year
with a percentage of 77.25% and the lowest source
of income from outside agroforestry is entrepreneurs
and farmers of Rp. percentage equals 7.10%. The
value of external income using Agroforestry is Rp.
231,000,000 / year from the total amount of income
from entrepreneurs, civil servants, entrepreneurs,
and farmers.
The total income of the Telagah Village
community is IDR788.638.500/ year. Total income
community in Telagah village is IDR
1.019.638.500/year. Comparison between the
income of economic value using the results of
agroforestry practices and income outside of the
results of the Telagah Village agroforestry can be
seen in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Percentage of Economic Value Results of
Agroforestry and Outside of Agroforestry
3.2 Telagah Village
In Figure 1. It can be seen that the income with the
largest contribution is in the percentage of
agroforestry practices that is equal to 77% while
outside of agroforestry is 23%. This is because
agroforestry products can be harvested continuously
and with diverse harvest cycles. According to
Diniyati (2015) Income contributions of NTFPs to
total forest community from tree strata is 65,93 % to
75,11 %. The yields of agroforestry practices are
abundant and varied from each product, increasing
economic value and increasing productivity. This is
in accordance with the statement of Mahendra
(2009) stating that in the implementation of
agroforestry systems seen from the economic aspect,
agroforestry systems have a bright future function
for the lives of people and farmers. The existence of
a system that combines various types of plants in a
field, it will increase yields of crop productivity.
Each plant has its own selling value. So, when in
one type of land a commercial crop is planted it will
increase harvest income will be abundant.
The percentage contribution to income from
agroforestry practices in TelagahVillage is very
large, around 77 and 23% from outside agroforestry.
This proves that agroforestry is the main source of
income for farmers. In accordance with the results of
Pebrianto's research (2015) the percentage
contribution of agroforestry (timber, fruit and
secondary crops) to farmer's income was 55.24%.
This proves that agroforestry land is the main source
of income for farmers. Its role is very important and
can be used continuously. In addition, the managed
land has a positive impact on both the economic and
ecological fields.
77%
23%
Income Agroforestry
Income Outside Agroforestry
ICONART 2019 - International Conference on Natural Resources and Technology
174

4 CONCLUSION
Types of agroforestry in Telagah Village are: Durio
zibethinus, Gracinia mangostana, Parkia speciosa,
Archidendron pauciflorum, Theobroma cacao,
Coffea arabica, Aleurites moluccanua, Salacca
zalacca, Arenga pinnata, Capsicum annum, Areca
cathecu, Gracinia atroviridis, Mussa acuminata,
Etlingera ellatior, Zingiber officinale, Zea mays,
Elaeis guinensis, Saccharon officinarum, Bambusa
vulgaris, Cyclea barbata, Cinnamomum burmannii,
Cocos nucifera and Hevea brasiliensis.The
economic value of agroforestry products that
provide the largest contribution is durian with an
economic value of Rp. 366,500,000 / year and the
types of agroforestry products that make the smallest
contribution to the income of the people of Telagah
Village are aren which is Rp. 502,500 / year. The
total income contribution of the Telagah Village
community is IDR 1.019.638.500/ year. The results
showed that the total income of the people of
Telagah Village from the use of agroforestry in the
form of the total amount of economic value used by
them is amounting to IDR788.638.500/ year. While
results from outside use of agroforestry such as
entrepreneurs, civil servants, entrepreneurs, and
farmers obtain economic value of Rp 216,000,000 /
year.
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