The Utilization of Organic Waste into Fermented Goat Fodder in

Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency

Saleha Hannum, Yurnaliza and Mayang Sari Yeanny

Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

Keywords : Organic Waste, Fermented Goat Fodder, Tanjung Rejo Village

Abstract : Community service activities with the title of The Utilization of Organic Waste into Fermented Goat Fodder

in Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency will be held in May - November 2019.The purpose of this

community service is to utilize organic waste into fermented goat fodder in Tanjung Rejo village.Organic

waste such as straw, banana tree and others can be converted into fermented goat fodder which is

economical, nutritious and environmentally friendly.The specific target of this community service is that the

fermented goat fodder produced can be stored for a long time with good quality.The method used is a

combination of counselling, training, hands-on practice and work evaluation.The procedures of making

fermented goat fodder are as follows; (1) Chop straw or banana tree using a chopper machine, this stage

serves to make the fermentation process easier. (2) Prepare the place of manufacture, can use tarpaulins,

large plastic or large barrels (3). Dissolve sugar or sugar cane with water plus SOC-HCS probiotic solution.

(4) Enter the straw, husk and bran at the place of preparation that has been prepared previously. (5) Flush all

materials that have been arranged evenly in the place of manufacture with a solution of sugar and SOC-HCS

that had been dissolved with water. (6) Mix all ingredients evenly. (7) After everything has been stirred

evenly, then cover the place of manufacture with a tarp or with anything, make sure to be airtight. (8) Wait

for 1 - 14 days. The fermented fodder that you have made from straw will be ready or if the fermentation

feed is made using a banana tree, it can be faster.All products produced can be used for their own needs or

sold according to the needs of the people of Tanjung Rejo village, especially the Tanjung Rejo goat breeders

group.



1 INTRODUCTION

Data from the University of Sumatera Utara-

Directorate General of Animal Husbandry and

Animal Health (2017) showed that the population of

goats in Sumatera Utara in 2017 amounted to

920,620 heads, goat slaughtered amounted to 25,807

and goat meat production amounted to 157,687 tons.

High demand for goat meat is one of the promising

and profitable business alternatives that can be relied

upon as a source of family income.

Most people in the village of Tanjung Rejo work

as breeders. Breeders raise chickens, ducks, goats

and cattle. Breeders in the village of Tanjung Rejo

also gained a small amount of knowledge about

breeding. Livestock products can only meet their

daily needs because the production process of

raising livestock requires a large cost, especially

feed, hence breeders borrow money first to

moneylenders for the production process.

In Tanjung Rejo village, breeders, especially

goat breeders, always have difficulty in preparing

feed for the livestock, especially in the dry season,

while organic waste such as straw, and the banana

stem is not used, most of them leave it. Only a small

portion uses it as feed and this feed must be used up

as soon as possible so as not to cause odour.Besides,

organic waste is very annoying if thrown away and

just leave it like trash. With the utilization of organic

waste as fermented animal feed for fattening is

economical, high nutritional value and

environmentally friendly.

Fermented feed is economically very useful

because the composition is mixed in the feed and

can be stored for a long time. Usually, breeders mix

their rations for goats, but fermented feed for

fattening is already equipped with quality goat

Hannum, S., Yurnaliza, . and Yeanny, M.

The Utilization of Organic Waste into Fermented Goat Fodder in Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency.

DOI: 10.5220/0010200200002775

In Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics (IMC-SciMath 2019), pages 427-430

ISBN: 978-989-758-556-2

 2022 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All r ights reserved

427

fodder. Fermented food is also environmentally

friendly because it utilizes organic waste to its full

potential and does not become garbage while

preserving the environment.

Feed management is very dependent on the feed

given to livestock. Nutrient content contained in

feed must be really considered to get the desired

production results (Eka et al, 2019).An important

factor influencing the Increase Body Weight (IBW)

is feed consumption, the higher the amount of feed

consumed by livestock, the higher the rate of

growth.IBW can occur if livestock are able to

convert feed substances that are absorbed into

livestock products such as fat and meat after their

basic needs are met (Alim, 2014)

Based on this situation, the community service

team carried out community service in Tanjung Rejo

village, Percut Sei Tuan Subdistrict, Deli Serdang

Regency with the village community, especially the

goat breeders, this community service was done to

improve human resources (HR) by utilizing organic

waste into fermented goat feed in Tanjung Rejo

village.

2 METHODS

The method used in this activity was a combination

of counselling, training, hands-on practice and work

evaluation. This activity was supported by the

village chief and his officials will play a role in

helping this implementation by giving permission

and contacting the community groups of goat

breeders. The benefits obtained will increase the

knowledge of human resources in terms of the

utilization of organic waste as fermented feed.

Breeder groups act as objects of the organic

waste utilization to goat fermentation feed. The

benefits obtained by breeders will increase

knowledge, save the environment from waste and

will ultimately help the economy and will improve

their living standards.

In this community service group of breeders can

cooperate in making fermented feed for fattening

goats, because breeders need these products. In

making feed is very easy, practical, economical, and

inexpensive, only requires a little time and anyone

can do it.Besides, the ingredients are available in the

community and a very appropriate alternative to

overcome the scarcity and rising of animal feed.

Working methods of goat fodder can be seen as

follows:

2.1 Data Collecting Methods

The data collection method was done by:

1. Interview: By taking primary data through

interviewing some local community.

2. Field Observation: Field observations were

carried out with the community.

3. Library Research

Library research was conducted to complete the

information obtained regarding the manufacture and

application of fermented feed hence it is made

optimally

2.2 Approach Method

This method was carried out by way of counselling,

training, and direct practice to the surrounding

community on how to make and implement the

method of making goat fermentation feed.It is

intended that the surrounding community can reduce

the expenditure of excess funds to provide animal

feed, as this animal feed is healthier and has a high

nutritional value and is environmentally friendly.

2.3 Implementation Methods

Tools and ingredients for making goat fermented

feed:

 Chopping tool or you can use a machete

etc.

 Tarpaulin, large plastic or large cask

 Straw or banana stem

 Drops of sugar or sugar cane

 Probiotic supplements, (we recommend

using SOC-HCS probiotics)

 water

 Rice bran or bran

Steps of making goat fermentation feed:

 Chop straw or banana stem by using a

chopping tool, this stage serves to make the

fermentation process easier.

 Prepare a place for manufacture, you can

use a tarpaulin, large plastic or you can use

a large barrel.

 Dissolve sugar or sugar cane with water

plus SOC-HCS probiotic solution.

 Put the straw, bran and rice bran in the

place for manufacture that

has been

prepared previously.

 Flush all ingredients that have been

arranged evenly in the place for

IMC-SciMath 2019 - The International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics (IMC-SciMath)

428

manufacture with a solution of sugar and

SOC-HCS that had been dissolved with

water.

 Stir all ingredients until evenly distributed.

 After everything has been stirred evenly,

then close the place for manufacture with a

tarp or with anything. Make sure it is

airtight. .

 After everything is closed tightly (airtight)

the fermentation process is underway now

you just have to wait for 1 - 14 days, then

fermented feed made from straw will soon

be ready, or if the manufacture of

fermented feed using banana stem, it can be

faster.

After the fermented feed, you have made is

ready, now you can give your livestock (goats) the

fermented feed, but it is better if the fermented feed

is aerated in advance for about 15 minutes after then

you can give the fermented feed to the goat.

The characteristics of the ready-made fermented

feed:



 There is an increase in temperature

 There is a change in color

 Become weathered/soft

How to feed the fermented feed to goats:

1. If you are going to feed fermented feed to

animals (for example goats), then the

fermented straw must be aerated first before

being given to animals.

2. As long as the fermented feed is not

directly exposed to the sun or not directly

exposed to rain, the SOC fermented animal

feed can last for years.

Figure 1. Fermented Goat Fodder

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This activity was carried out by a combination of

counseling, training, hands-on practice and work

evaluation. This activity was supported by the

village chief and his officials will play a role in

helping this implementation by giving permission

and contacting the Tanjung Rejo village community

group.While the benefits obtained will increase the

knowledge of human resources in terms of the

utilization of organic waste into goat fodder for the

interests of the Tanjung Rejo village community.

Figure 2. Theory presented by team (left) and practiced by

team and community (right).

Organic waste used such as banana stem, straw

and others. A fermented straw feed can increase

crude protein content by 4.88% from 4.01% to

9.09%, and reduce crude fiber by 6.32% from

24.76% to 18.44% (Basuni, 2010).The process of

paddy straw fermentation was carried out to increase

its nutritional value, causing the preference for goats

(Syamsu, 2006).

Goat feed mostly consists of forage, grass and

foliage. For adult goats, it takes about six kg of

forage/head/day. For normal growth, feed

ingredients given to livestock must contain protein,

energy, minerals, and vitamins, according to the

needs of the animals that eat them (Cullison, 1979).

Livestock nutrient needs are influenced by several

factors including growth rate, body size,

environment, heredity, disease, species, carcass fat

amount, ration nutrient balance and its deficiencies

(Williamson & Payne. 1993).Producing livestock

that achieves optimal production, the feed provided

must be sufficient for the substances needed such as

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and

water and in accordance with the needs of livestock.

Ruminant animal protein and energy requirements

depend on several factors including life weight,

body weight gain, and feed composition (Soeparno

1994).

The main target of breeders is to provide

fermented feed to livestock hence when storing

fermented feed that is available in large quantities

can last in a long time without reducing the nutrient

content in the feed. Hence this is very helpful for

goat breeders in providing forage (fiber) during the

The Utilization of Organic Waste into Fermented Goat Fodder in Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency

429

dry season and is hampered by rain during the rainy

season in finding green food for goat.

The benefits of this activity are to increase

knowledge (HR) in making fermented feed, one of

the most appropriate alternatives to overcome the

scarcity and rising feed prices and the environment

becomes more sustainable.The community service

activities were related to Village Officials such as

the Village Chief and his staff, who are very

supportive of this activity. Support in licensing and

providing a place for counselling and training on the

utilization of organic waste into fermented feed in

the village of Tanjung Rejo.

The evaluation was carried out by monitoring the

village of Tanjung Rejo to find out what obstacles

were occurring. Furthermore, the next monitoring

was done via telephone to continue to communicate

with the Tanjung Rejo village community regarding

the utilization of organic waste into fermented goat

feed.

Figure 3. The team who conducted the social engangement

from USU and communities at Tanjung Rejo

4 CONCLUSIONS

Based on the community service activities regarding

the Utilization of Organic Waste into Fermented

Goat Fodder in Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang

Regency , the following conclusions can be drawn:

 Utilization of organic waste can be

converted into fermented goat fodder.

 Utilization of organic waste can provide

economic and ecological value.

 There is good collaboration between USU

and the community in Tanjung Rejo

village, Deli Serdang Regency.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This article can be successfully conducted with the

assistance and contribution from many parties. We

would like to thank to the Rector of USU for

finantial support by Mono Tahun Social

Engagement Non PNBP 2019 and all participants

who have helped the implementation of this

Community Service.

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