The Utilization of Bunker Eggs into Duck Feed in Tanjung Rejo

Village, Deli Serdang Regency

Masitta Tanjung and Mayang Sari Yeanny

Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

Keywords: Bunker Egg, Duck Feed, Tanjung Rejo Village

Abstract: The community service activities with the title "The Utilization of Bunker Eggs into Duck Feed in Tanjung

Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency" will be held in May - November 2019. This activity aim is to convert

bunker eggs (eggs that failed to hatch) into duck feed which has economic value and is environmentally

friendly. The method used is counselling, lectures and training as well as monitoring and evaluation with the

community directly to the field.The stages of duck feed production include; (1) choosing a bunker egg (2)

egg waste is put into cormorant and boiled for approximately 1 hour, (3) cut water hyacinth/kale, (4) rice

bran and water hyacinth/kale steamed into cormorant II which has been filled with water for approximately

more than 1 hour, (5) bunker eggs, rice bran, and water hyacinth/kale are removed and drained in large

containers and sacks, (6) bunker eggs are mashed without peeling the skin, (7) mixed all ingredients

(endhog bunker, bran, kale) by adding enough water and stir until evenly distributed, (8) milling the mixture

of materials using a special grinding to form feed, and (9) finishing includes the drying process using an

oven/stove. Egg bunkers can be converted into animal feed

1 INTRODUCTION

Data from the Directorate General of Animal

Husbandry and Animal Health / Direktorat Jenderal

Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan (2017) indicated

the total population of ducks in Sumatra Utara in

2017 reached 2.813.516 heads. Duck meat

production is 43.2 tons, manila duck is 5.6 tons,

duck egg production is 308.6 tons, manila duck is 35

tons..Ahmad et.al (2003) explained that eggs are

composed of four basic components namely egg

yolk, egg white, eggshell membrane and eggshell.

Rahadianto, et.al (2013) explained that the eggshell

thickness is also influenced by the type of poultry,

strains and environmental temperature. According to

Yuniastuti (2002) that in general the fat content in

ducks is strongly influenced by the nutrition of the

ration consumed. Juliambarwati et.al (2012) added

that the protein and fat content in the feed will affect

the weight of the egg. Egg weight will continue to

increase along with the egg production period and

achieve maximum egg weight after producing for 40

weeks. Egg weight is very important to support the

selling value of eggs on the market and large eggs

are much in demand by consumers, hence it also

affects the income of duck farmers (Malik and

Gunawan, 2008).

Laying ducks become one of the opportunities

that are quite potential to be developed in the

business of duck farming, because every year the

demand for duck eggs tends to increase, in addition

to being a source of family protein, duck eggs are

widely used as ingredients for making various cakes

and so forth.Therefore laying ducks become one of

the promising and profitable business alternatives

that can be relied upon as a source of family income.

However, not all eggs produced can be utilized

because there are less good eggs like egg bunkers,

which is eggs that failed to hatch.

In the village of Tanjung Rejo, groups of

Breeder, especially duck breeders, have always had

difficulty using bunker eggs, which are eggs that

have failed to hatch, most Breeders simply throw

them away. Only a small portion uses it as feed and

this feed must be used up as soon as possible so as

not to cause odour.Apart from that, the egg bunker is

annoying if just throw it away and leaves it like

trash. The used of egg bunkers as economic animal

feed, high nutritional value and environmentally

friendly.

422

Tanjung, M. and Yeanny, M.

The Utilization of Bunker Eggs into Duck Feed in Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency.

DOI: 10.5220/0010200100002775

In Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics (IMC-SciMath 2019), pages 422-426

ISBN: 978-989-758-556-2

Economically, bunker as animal feed is very useful

because the composition is mixed in feed and can be

stored for a long time. Usually, breeders mix their

rations for ducks, such as rice bran, corn,

concentrates, vitamins, and others. This was

complained by the duck breeders because they had

to buy per item of the mixed duck ration.

A feed is a mixture of various kinds of organic

and inorganic matters provided to livestock and

poultry to meet the needs of food substances needed

for growth, development and production. For

maximum growth and production, the amount and

content of nutrients needed by livestock/poultry

must be adequate (Suprijatna et al., 2010). The

nutritional value is high because based on the results

of proximate tests at the UGM Food and

Agricultural Product Laboratory, the bunker feed

product with the following detailed results.

Table 1. Proximate Test Analysis Results of Bunker Feed

Products

Sample Paramete

Anal

sis Results (%)

UL 1 UL 2

Duck

Fee

Water 15,0723 15,1661

Bunke

Ash 13,0938 13,3050

Protein

(fk=6,25)

12,6842 12,4758

15,7375 15,3116

Coarse

Fibe

15,3604 15,9419

The bunker feed is also environmentally friendly

because the waste of eggs that fail to hatch can be

utilized maximally and not become garbage. As well

as water hyacinth/water spinach as a mixture are

found a lot in the village, whose growth is very

disturbing the waters can be used while preserving

the environment.Kale waste contains crude fibre.

Denbow (2000) explained that the amount of

digestible crude fibre in poultry ranges from 5-10%

of the amount of crude fibre. The results of

Intannita's research (2003) explained that the use of

a 10% level of water spinach/kale waste on

Mandalung Duck has the best influence on the

growth of ducks.

Based on this condition and situation, the

community service team conducted the services in

the village of Tanjung Rejo, Percut Sei Tuan

Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency with the village

community, especially the duck breeder group.

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

The method offered in this activity will be carried

out by a combination of counselling, training, hands-

on practice and work evaluation. This activity was

supported by the village chief and the officials will

play a role in helping this implementation by giving

permission and contacting breeders' community

groups. While the benefits obtained will increase the

knowledge of human resources in terms of

utilization of bunker egg waste as animal feed.

The Breeder Group acts as the object of utilizing

bunker egg waste as animal feed. The benefits

obtained by breeders will increase knowledge, save

the environment from waste and will ultimately help

the economy and will improve their living standards.

In this service, the breeder group can cooperate

in making animal feed, because breeders need these

products. In making feed is very easy, practical,

economical, and inexpensive, only requires a little

time and anyone can do it.Likewise the ingredients,

are available in the community and it is one

alternative that is very appropriate to overcome the

scarcity and rising of animal feed cost. Working

methods of this animal feed can be seen as follows:

2.1 Method of Collecting Data

The collection method is done by:

1 Interview: By taking primary data through

interviewing the local community.

2 Field Observation: Field observations were

carried out with the community.

3 Literature study: Literature study was

carried out to complement the information

obtained regarding the manufacture and

application of bunker egg waste animal

feed to be made optimally.

2.2 Approach Method

This method was done by conducting counselling,

training, direct practice to the surrounding

community on how to make and implement methods

of making duck feed.It is intended that the

surrounding community can reduce the expenditure

of excess funds to provide animal feed. As this

animal feed is healthier and has high nutritional

value and also environmentally friendly.

The Utilization of Bunker Eggs into Duck Feed in Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency

423

2.3 Method of Implementation

2.3.1 Tools Used

To make a Bunker feed product, equipment such as

(1) a gas stove is used as a tool to assist in the

production of Bunker, (2) gas cylinders, used as a

tool that helps in finalizing Bunker production, (3)

winnowing tray used as a drying device after the

Bunker production preparation stage,(4)

pot/cormorant used to steam rice bran mixed with

water spinach or water hyacinth, (5) masks, used to

maintain the health of producers and ducks when

production takes place, as well as to avoid the

pungent odor of egg bunkers, (6) gloves used to

maintain the health of producers and ducks, hence

the production of Bunker is more hygienic, (7) a

knife, used to cut water spinach or water hyacinth,

(8) cutting boards, used as a base to help cut water

spinach or water hyacinth, (9) meat grinder, used to

print Bunker products, (10) oven, used to dry the

product in an effort to minimize mold, (11) the scale,

used to measure the weight of the Bunker product to

be marketed,and (12) plastic packaging, used to

place Bunker products that are ready to be marketed.

2.3.2 Preparation Phase

The preparation phase includes the preparation of all

the materials needed, which are egg bunkers, rice

bran, water hyacinth/water spinach, water, and other

supporting equipment.

2.3.3 Production Stage

The production phase includes (1) selecting bunker

eggs with the characteristics of no black spots when

candling or binoculars, eggs that have bloodstains,

cracked eggshells, eggs which on the 20th day have

not hatched, sweat, and embryos have appeared on

the inside, (2) egg waste is put into cormorant I

which has been filled with water and boiled for

approximately 1 hour, (3) cutting water

hyacinth/kale, (4) rice bran and water hyacinth/kale

steamed into cormorant II which has been filled with

water for approximately 1 hour, (5) Bunker eggs,

rice bran, and boiled water hyacinth/kale were

removed and drained in large containers and

sacks,(6) bunker eggs are mashed without peeling

the skin, (7) mix all ingredients (endhog bunkers,

bran, kale/water spinach) by adding enough water

and stir until evenly distributed, (8) grind the

mixture of materials using a special grinding to form

feed, and (9) finishing includes the drying process

using an oven/stove.

Figure 1. Bunker eggs and rice bran (left) and

hyacinth/kale (right)

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This activity was carried out by a combination of

counseling, training, hands-on practice and work

evaluation. This activity was supported by the

village chief and the officials will play a role in

helping this implementation by giving permission,

contacting the Tanjung Rejo village community

group.While the benefits gained will increase the

knowledge of human resources in terms of the

bunker eggs utilization into duck feed for the benefit

of the Tanjung Rejo village community.

Figure 2. Theory presented by team (left) and practiced by

team and community (right).

IMC-SciMath 2019 - The International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics (IMC-SciMath)

424

The Tanjung Rejo village breeders group acts as the

object of the bunker eggs utilization. The benefits

gained will increase public knowledge about the use

of bunker eggs into duck feed for the benefit of the

duck breeders community.Besides that, this is also a

very appropriate alternative to overcome the scarcity

and rising prices of animal feed and the environment

becomes more sustainable. Hence the villagers can

save the environment and improve the standard

living of their families.

The bunker feed product has the potential to

continue because it is easy to obtain the raw

materials in the form of bunker eggs and water

hyacinth, it has been tested quality in the UGM Food

and Agriculture Laboratory, it is more economical

compared to the duck breeders make their ration,

and environmentally friendly because it utilizes

waste Duck bunker eggs (Elsola et.al., 2015).

The use of water spinach/kale in duck feed has a

positive effect on the thickness of the eggshell

because it can increase the thickness of the eggshell.

Eggshells are the outermost part of the eggs and it is

important to note their quality, because eggshells

protect the contents of the egg from the entry of

bacteria that cause damage to the contents of the egg

which can result in decreased egg quality (Amo,

et.al, 2013).

By utilizing bunker eggs into duck feed, it is

hoped that the Tanjung Rejo Village breeders group

can reduce production costs because they can obtain

and produce their duck feed from bunker eggs

according to their needs.

Figure 3. The team who conducted the social engangement

from USU and communities at Tanjung Rejo.

4 CONCLUSION

Based on the community service activities regarding

the utilization of bunker eggs to feed duck in Deli

Serdang Regency, the following conclusions can be

drawn:

 Utilization of egg bunkers can be converted

into animal feed.

 Utilization of egg bunkers can provide

economic and ecological value.

 There is good collaboration between USU

and the community in Tanjung Rejo

village, Deli Serdang Regency.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We would like to thank to the Rector of USU for

finantial support by Mono Tahun Social

Engagement Non PNBP 2019 and all participants

who have helped the implementation of this

Community

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