The Role of Family Communication in Child Education

Dini Safitri, Rayni Delya Hafni, Aisya, and Nada Syifafasya

Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: Family Communication, Education, Children.

Abstract: Interwoven family communication is very important in determining the child’s education. Unfortunately,

many families are less attentive to the communicaton and interaction patterns. The purpose of this research

is to find out the problems in family communications in child education. This reseach uses a variable of

family communication factors that have four dimensions, namely communication source, message, media,

and receiver. This research methodology is quantitative with a type of descriptive research. The population

and samples amounted to 34 people who were elementary school students. The results of this study show

that there is less in the family communication factors performed by their families. This is seen on the lowest

mean, which is a message with a science indicator.

1 INTRODUCTION

According to Kharuddin in Ammang, et al. (2017),

the family is the most important primary group in

society. Historically, families were formed from

limited organizational units, and had a minimum

size, especially on the parties, who initially held a

bond.

Families are small groups who play an important

role in influencing the mindset of a child. In

families, the child will be educated, cared for, and

built a social construction. In terms of building a

mindset and others, there needs to be a

communication.

According to Ika in Safitri(2017), the pattern of

communication and interaction that is carried out in

a family, has an influence on the development and

formation of mental health in children. One of them

is the pattern of parents in facing and resolving

issues. The pattern will be handed down to the child

through modelling.

A child with a golden parent will tend to have a

similar trait to his or her parents. They also tend to

be a pencezes. Meanwhile, children who have

aggressive parents, will tend to have aggressive

perliaku too (Sari, et.al, 2010).

The pattern of behavior above, will directly

affect the mindset and behavior of children.

Likewise, with the thought of a child about the

importance of education and school, will be greatly

influenced by the family. Therefore, communication

within the family should be observed, ranging from

the way to communicate, the frequency of

communication, and what is communicated will

affect the child's education (Fithria, 2011).

This communication is instrumental in

conveying a message and what the message will be

to be interpreted by the child. Reviewed from the

scope of education, the family is the first

environment for child education (Novrinda et al.,

2017).

Statistical data from Kemdikbud, in the year

2017/2018 there are elementary school children who

drop out of school in Indonesia. This is certainly

based on communication families the child which is

one of their drivers for dropouts (Watuliu, 2015).

Communication is fundamental to human life.

Communication becomes a basis for the

establishment of a society or community that is

integrated with information. Each individual in the

community, sharing information with each other to

achieve a common goal(Sudjipto, 2017).

Communication is also understood as a form of

interaction, that is, the process of causation or aksi-

reaksi that turns the direction. Where, this

communication involves communicator as a

message presenter, both verbal and nonverbal to the

communicator. The communfishes then respond

actively, dynamically, and reciprocally to verbal and

non-verbal responses. Thus, the interaction between

parents and children greatly determines the basis for

a child's supply. In order to grow the child's growth

270

Saﬁtri, D., Hafni, R., Aisya, . and Syifafasya, N.

The Role of Family Communication in Child Education.

DOI: 10.5220/0010018002700273

In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Social and Political Development (ICOSOP 3 2019) - Social Engineering Governance for the People, Technology and Infrastructure in

Revolution Industr y 4.0, pages 270-273

ISBN: 978-989-758-472-5

process is assured and lasts optimally, the family

must meet the basic needs of children, namely

attention and compassion (Hyoscyamina, 2011).

The attention and compassion given to the child

is included in the communication. It is

communication that occurs among family members

in both verbal and nonverbal forms. Communication

in a family has two principles, effective

communication and ineffective communication. The

effectiveness of family communications is intended

to deliver a relatively clear message that has an

understanding of the meaning of the message

(Sambuaga, 2104).

In this study, we used a Newcomb model

introduced by Theodore M Newcomb. This theory

aims to introduce the role of communication in

social relations (society) and to maintain social

balance in social systems. The consentration of the

Newcomb theory is on social communication

purposes, showing all communication as a means of

maintaining the relationship between people. This

theory is commonly called the "ABX" Newcomb

communication Model because it works in a

triangular format or an "ABX" system:

A – Sender

B – Receiver

X – Matter Of Concern

It is a model of the intentional two-person

(interpersonal) communicative action because in

Newcomb models, communication is a common and

effective way that allows people to orient themselves

to their environment.

This is another way to say that we are gaining

social and psychological support for the orientation

we do. If the B we value is rated X in the same way

as ours, we tend to believe in our orientation more.

So we communicate with the people we value about

objects, events, people and ideas (all including X)

that are important for us to reach an agreement or a

coorientation, or use the term Newcomb, symmetry.

Asymmetry is part of the Newcomb model when

people "agree to disagree".

ABX Newcomb's communication model is a

social psychology communication model that seeks

to understand communication as a means in which

everyone can maintain their balance of relationships.

Essentially things are balanced through persuasive

communication that is trust, attitude, and something

that is important to a person. Also according to the

theory this model develops that the role of

communication between individuals in a relationship

is very important, with the demonstrated

interconnectedness and interest between two people

connected by A X B.

Communication using objects or discussion. This

is to maintain a balance of social relationships that

occur between two individuals.

When the balance of relationships is interrupted,

it certainly uses communication to rerenew the

relationship. According to Newcomb, the simplest

form of communication situation is described by the

situation where Mr. A talked to Mr. B about

something that is labeled X. This Model is also

known as balance theory.

Based on the background and literature study

above, it can be formulated the problem as follows

how the role of family communication on child

education. As well as the formulation of the

problem, the purpose of writing is to analyse and

find answers to problems in family communication

to children's education.

2 METHOD

The research methods used in this study are

quantitative and descriptive methods. According to

Sugiono (2014:7) A descriptive method is

interpreted as a study that intends to expose the data

by analyzing the data obtained so as to obtain a clear

picture of the method that emphasizes on the aspect

of the measurement objectively To social

phenomena, quantitative research was processed and

analyzed by statistics. The type of research method

used in this research is research surveys where the

data will be taken from a predetermined sample.

Then the data is studied and is taken into conclusion

of the relationship between the relevant variables in

the research process. The population in this study is

elementary school students with a sample age of 7-

13 years. The communication that happens should

be considered, because the family environment is the

beginning of child learning. Especially when the

children are in the learning period and many want to

know.

In this study, the author will conduct research on

26 – 30 June 2019. This research is done by

spreading the questionnaire with the respondent who

has determined the criteria. The author also only

conducts research within that time and will not

conduct research at any other time to compare.

The descriptive method aims to expose situations

and events. A descriptive method is to seek or

examine the relationship between variables.

Descriptive research studies the problems of society

and certain situations including relationships,

The Role of Family Communication in Child Education

271

activities, attitudes, views and ongoing processes

and influences of a phenomenon. The purpose of

descriptive research is to make descriptions,

depictions or paintings systematically, factual and

accurate as well as the facts, traits and relationships

between the phenomena investigated (Rakhmat,

2014).

The factors of communication in the family are

very important, because the family is the initial

environment of learning children. Then according to

Cangara (2013). There are dimensions, i.e.

communication sources, messages, media, and

receivers with the indicators to be measured are:

1. Information sender

2. Science

3. Entertainment

4. Information

5. Advice

6. The Five Senses

7. Message Goals

8. Message effects.

3 RESULT

We conduct research on the role of family

communications on child education to learn and

analyse and find answers to issues in family

communication to children's education. The

following is the result of this research findings

presented in the Table 1.

Table 1: Mean per dimension.

No Dimension Mean

1 Communication sources 3,2

2 Message 3,1

3 Media 3,3

4 Receivers 3,17

Based on the Table 1, it can be crossed that the

highest mean value is in the third dimension of the

medium, and the lowest dimension is in the second

dimension of the message. We conduct research on

the role of family communications on child

education to learn and analyse and find answers to

issues in family communication to children's

education he media dimension is the highest

dimension. According to the average respondent's

response, the communication that is happening face

to face on their family is maximal. Whereas message

dimensions get the lowest mean value. The average

respondent's response tends to indicate that the

communication does not contain educational

elements. The following is a table per indicator:

Table 2: Mean per indicator.

No Indicator Mean

1 Information Sender 3,2

2 Science 3,01

3 Entertaiment 3,085

4 Information 3,26

5 Advice 3,09

6 The Five Senses 3,335

7 Message Goals 3,02

8 Message effects 3,32

Based on Table 2, it can be seen that the highest

mean on the five senses indicator, and the lowest

mean per-indicator is on the science indicator. Table

above the data processing results 16 statements, 8

indicators, 4 dimensions, and 34 statement. Based on

the mean per-indicator diagram, it can be seen that

the highest mean being on an indicator using the five

senses is the highest indicator, this indicates that the

respondent's family is maximized in delivering the

information using the five senses. While the lowest

mean is at the lowest indicators of science, it shows

that the respondent's family has not maximized

information about science.

4 CONCLUSIONS

Communication is important in life, we may not be

able to communicate either intentionally or

unintentionally. So, the communication that happens

in a family is not the same as other family

communications. Each family has its own

communication pattern. Communication in the

family is very important because there is openness

between parents and children. This research consists

of 4 dimensions, namely communication source,

message, media, and receiver.

The highest-value dimension is owned by the

media, with the average respondent strongly agreed.

This shows that communication that happens face-

to-face on their family is maximal. This dimension

has one indicator, namely five senses.

The first indicator, the five senses face-front. On

this indicator the average respondent replied very

agree because their family has been maximal in

communicating through the media face to face.

The lowest Mean is on the science indicator, this

shows that the respondent's family has not

maximally conveyed information about science.

Family communication should be carried out as

the four dimensions exist on the family

communication factors. Following these standards,

will make an improvement in the good relationships

ICOSOP 3 2019 - International Conference on Social Political Development (ICOSOP) 3

272

of a family, and also improve the quality of

children's education.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thank to FIS UNJ who has sponsored this research.

REFERENCES

Sari, A., Hubeis, A.V.S., Mangkuprawira, S., Saleh,

A.,2010. Pengaruh pola komunikasi keluarga dalam

fungsi sosialisasi keluarga terhadap perkembangan

anak, Jurnal Komunikasi Pembangunan, 8(2), 36 – 45,

IPB. Bogor. Retrieved from http://journal.ipb.ac.

id/index.php/jurnalkmp/article/view/5701

Ammang, W., Mariam Sondakh, M., Kalesaran, E.R.,

2017. Peran komunikasi keluarga dalam mengatasi

perilaku merokok pada anak usia remaja, Journal Acta

Diurna, VI(1), 1 – 14. UNSOED. Purwokerto.

Cangara, H., 2013. Perencanaan dan strategi komunikasi,

Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta.

Fithria, 2011. Hubungan komunikasi keluarga dengan

konsep diri remaja. Idea Nursing Journal, II(1), 32-

37. Retrieved from www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/ INJ/

article/download/6357/5223

Hyoscyamina, D.E., 2011. Peran keluarga dalam

membangun karakter anak, Jurnal Psikologi, 10(2),

144 – 151. Undip. Retrieved from https://

ejournal.undip. ac.id/index.php/psikologi/article/view/

2887/2570

Novrinda, Kurnia, N.,Yulidesni. 2017. Peran orangtua

dalam pendidikan anak usia dini ditinjau dari latar

belakang pendidikan, Jurnal Potensia, PG-PAUD

FKIP UNIB, 2(1), 39-46.Retrieved from

https://ejournal.unib.ac.id/index.php/potensia/article/do

wnload/3721/1969

Rakhmat, J., 2014. Retorika modern pendekatan praktis,

PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Bandung.

Safitri, D., 2017. Komunikasi keluarga masyarakat urban.

Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Komunikasi, 01(0).

146-151, ISKI. Jakarta

Sambuaga, D.P., 2014. Peranan komunikasi keluarga

dalam mencegah perkelahian antar warga. Journal

Acta Diurna, 3(4). UNSOED. Purwokerto.

Sudjipto, 2017. Implementasi kurikulum multikultural di

sekolah dasa r. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan,

2(1), 1 – 21.

Sugiyono, 2014.Metode penelitian bisnis, pendekatan

kuantitatif, kualitatif dan r&d, Alfabeta. Bandung.

Watuliu, J, 2015. Peranan komunikasi keluarga dalam

meningkatkan minat belajar siswa smu di Desa

Warukapas Kecamatan Dimembe Kabupaten Minahasa

Utara, Journal Acta Diurna, VI(4).

The Role of Family Communication in Child Education

273