Collaborative Management of Medan City Waste

and Deli Serdang Regency in the Mebidangro Concept

Hatta Ridho and Tonny Pangihutan Situmorang

Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

Keywords: Institutional Management, Waste Management, Collaborative Management.

Abstract: Waste management is a challenge for many cities in Indonesia, including Medan. It is because of the

increase in waste, the burden on the city budget as a result of the high costs associated with its management,

the lack of understanding of diversity, the factors that influence the various stages of waste management and

solutions enable the entire waste handling system in Medan to be immediately implemented in the form of

policy. This research is a qualitative research with a critical paradigm. The purpose of this study is to

determine the behavior of stakeholders who have role in the waste management process and analyze the

factors that influence the challenges of waste management in Medan. Data is collected from structured

interviews with relevant professionals, field observations, books and scientific journals. The findings of this

study that challenge the management of waste management in Medan City are collaboration between

stakeholders in handling through institutional collaboration in the concept of Mebidangro institutional.

1 BACKGROUND

Inter-regional cooperation strategies are now a

leading program in many regions of the world. Not

only in developed countries but also developing

countries that are developing in an effort to get out

of the problems they face. The policy argument

based on the inter-regional cooperation presented is

that collaboration is very relevant and capable to

improve regional competitiveness in the conditions

of the global economic order (Parsons, 2005).

The role of Inter-Regional Cooperation (KAD) in

increasing regional competitiveness is in terms of

increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of

resource management, including in terms of policy

levels related to investment, marketing and regional

promotion (Chul, 2016).

Waste problem is an actual problem faced by

many regions in various regions in Indonesia

including Medan City. This problem arises by

increasing population, technological advances and

transportation in urban areas which is directly

proportional to the increasing amount of waste

produced (Ferronato et al., 2017). This is a

consequence of Medan city as the most efficient and

effective location for productive activities related to

industry, transportation and other activities. The

problem has a bad effect because of the negative

impacts caused, such as; environmental damage,

pollution of clean water sources, flooding to various

diseases that are born (Dunn, 1998).

According to data from the Medan City

Sanitation Office in 2018, the amount of waste in

Medan in the last 3 (three) years continued to

increase, namely in 2016 the amount of waste was

1,595 tons per day, in 2017 amounted to 1,675 tons

every day and year 2018 of 2,000 tons per day

(Badan Pusat Statisitik Medan, 2018).

Based on Presidential Regulation No. 62 of

2011, the administrative areas of Medan City, Binjai

City, Deli Serdang Regency and parts of the Karo

District (Mebidangro) have been designated as one

of the National Strategic Areas (KSN). KSN itself is

an area whose spatial planning becomes a national

development priority, both in terms of economic,

social, cultural, environmental and other aspects

(Ismail, 2000).

Related to rubbish in Medan City is a

comprehensive problem that can be resolved through

the collaboration of Medan City Government and

Deli Serdang Regency Government in the

Mebidangro scheme, which until now has not been

effectively and efficiently implemented. Previously

there were 2 (two) locations that were used as

landfills (TPA) in the city of Medan, namely the

landfill TPA in the North Medan location and the

Ridho, H. and Situmorang, T.

Collaborative Management of Medan City Waste and Deli Serdang Regency in the Mebidangro Concept.

DOI: 10.5220/0010013201550159

In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Social and Political Development (ICOSOP 3 2019) - Social Engineering Governance for the People, Technology and Infrastructure in

Revolution Industry 4.0, pages 155-159

ISBN: 978-989-758-472-5

155

TPA Namo Bintang in the village of Yet Bintang,

Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang Regency.

However, until now the existing landfill site is still

not functioning optimally. This is due to the limited

area of landfills which also affect the technical

operational management and waste disposal

services.

The impact of uncontrolled waste management in

Medan has begun to be felt by the community, such

as; the narrowing of the river basin (DAS), pollution

of water sources and flooding in the city of Medan.

This means that the collaboration of waste

management between Medan City Government and

Deli Serdang Regency Government in the

Mebidangro secretariat is something urgent to be

implemented. Because territorially, Medan City

borders and divides Deli Serdang Regency directly.

Moreover, large rivers in the city of Medan are

experiencing damage and a source of problems for

the community due to the accumulation of waste,

such as; Denai River, Babura River and Deli River

when viewed upstream and downstream watershed

are in Deli Serdang Regency.

The extent of the governor's authority as a

representative of the central government is expected

to be much cleaner, more effective, efficient and can

provide maximum public services for the

community, including in the case of implementation

of inter-regional cooperation (Mebidangro). The

complexity of the issue of governance in North

Sumatra Province illustrates that the meaning of

cooperation between regions should be carried out

with a comprehensive approach covering all

elements, planned, measurable, participatory,

sustainable implementative, and taking into account

the principles of cooperation.

This research is based on the problem of the poor

implementation of the Mebidangro RTRW in 4

Cities/Regencies in the Province of North Sumatra.

The research" Collaborative management of Medan

City Waste and Deli Serdang Regency in the

Mebidangro Concept" very well conducted in an

effort to overcome the waste problem in Medan.

2 METHODS

This research method is qualitative with a critical

paradigm by conducting direct interviews with

informants, observations, interviews, journals, books

and documents related to Mebidangro.

Determination of informants as sources of data in

this study is determined on research subjects who

have the knowledge and experience needed by

researchers according to then expressing their

experience related to research needs. Data collected

from initial observation, pre-research to direct

interviews with informants in government,

academics to practitioners in perfecting research.

3 DISCUSSION

3.1 KSN Mebidangro Priority

Law Number 26 Year 2007 regarding Spatial

Planning related to strategic areas is an important

part of national development. The reason is that

there are activities that have a great influence on

spatial planning in the surrounding area, other

activities in the same field and activities in other

fields, and/or improving the welfare of the

community. Strategic area arrangements are

included in both the 2015-2019 National Medium-

Term Development Plan (RPJMN) and the National

Spatial Planning (RTRWN) and are intended to

reduce regional development disparities between

Western Indonesia and Eastern Indonesia. In

addition, the determination of strategic areas also

aims to improve competitiveness. There are several

factors that need to be improved in order to support

the competitiveness of an area, namely

infrastructure, innovation, technology and workforce

competence. The support of logistics systems,

infrastructure, policies, regulations, spatial and

regional management, and the national

transportation system needs to be considered

comprehensively, including to increase the

competitiveness of a strategic area (Shazwin and

Nakagoshi, 2010).

Policy of the central and regional governments

are also needs to be synchronized so that they don't

obstruct or overlap one another. The availability of

infrastructure and connectivity in the transportation

and logistics system is one of the supporters. The

main regulation in the Mebidangro area concept is

Perpres No. 62 of 2011 concerning Spatial Planning

for Urban Areas of Medan, Binjai, Deli Serdang and

Karo (Mebidangro) with 6 aspects; policy, physical,

economic, infrastructure, socio-cultural and

institutional.

3.2 Waste Management Collaboration

in Medan City in the Mebidangro

Concept

Empirically the process of collecting and

transporting waste in Medan uses two ways: first, it

ICOSOP 3 2019 - International Conference on Social Political Development (ICOSOP) 3

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is carried out from a source of waste generation

(household waste) collected and transported by a

garbage cart/rickshaw to the TPS that has been

provided after it is transported using an Arm roll

truck to a Final Disposal Site (TPA). Then, secondly,

from the source of the generation (household waste,

shops, the rest of the construction, the market) is

transported using a Tipper truck directly to the Final

Disposal Site (TPA).

In the early situation the Medan City Sanitation

Department conducted garbage collection from each

source on the streets of the protocol using direct

transport. As for the road that cannot be passed

directly by the transporter to the residential areas, it

is done by using a garbage cart or a garbage tricycle.

This activity is carried out twice a day, morning and

afternoon.

Table 3: Number of garbage carriers in Medan City 2018.

No. Type of Carrier Number of

Units

1 Truck Container 16

2 Truck Arm Roll 15

3 Dump Truck 2

4 L300 Pick Up 10

5 Tipper Truck 200

6 Concrete Truck 33

7 Road Sweeper Bil Up 5

8 Road Sweeper Car Body 7

9 Toilet Trucks 13

10 Feces Trucks 11

11 Trucks Sosialization 1

12 Water Tank Trucks 3

13 Heavy Equipment 22

14 Trash Can 276

Total 576

Source: Medan City Sanitation Office 2019

Functionally, Medan City has 2 (two) landfills

(TPA) which are TPA Terjun which is located in

Medan Marelan District with an area of

approximately 14 Ha and TPA Namo Bintang

located in Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang with

an area of 25 Ha. However, operationally the only

landfill that operates is TPA Falls which holds all

the garbage from 21 sub-districts in the city of

Medan. TPA's garbage landfill is operated from the

beginning using an open dumping system. The

current constraint related to the problem of garbage

at the site is not yet optimal.

This is due to the overall lack of adequate heavy

equipment so that for processing and for the

destruction of waste while waste production from

time to time has increased which is expected in the

next few years the TPA Falls will not be able to

accommodate the increasing volume of waste given

the technology and the equipment used today is not

optimal and there are no regulations on the joint

management system with the Deli Serdang Regency

Government.

This cooperation is related to the sorting of waste

carried out after the garbage arrived at the final

disposal site whether it will be reprocessed using

technology or just dumped. The sorted waste is in

the form of plastic from mineral drink bottles and

used aluminum cans or rubbish that has economic

value and can be sold quickly. The number of

scavengers who use waste at the final disposal site is

relatively small. These scavengers are indigenous

people who have a place to live around the final

disposal site (Olbering, 2002).

Cooperation in waste management

Strategic steps to resolve this problem are as

stated by observers of regional autonomy,

Universitas Sumatera Utara, Muhammad Arifin

Nasution:

"In order for the Medan garbage problem to be

resolved, coordination efforts are commanded by

the North Sumatra Provincial Government in

accordance with the authority granted by Law

Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional

Government. Article 91 to Article 93 regulates the

authority of the Governor as the representative of

the central government, including the task to

provide guidance and supervision of the

implementation of co-administration tasks in the

Regency / City, conduct monitoring, evaluation

and supervision, evaluate the Regional Budget,

can cancel Local Regulations and give approval to

the regency / city regional regulation, as well as

impose sanctions on regents / mayors."

In the condition of coordination between Medan

City Government and Deli Serdang Regency

Government is stagnant, according to Arifin it is

important to establish a new institution under the

coordination of the North Sumatra Provincial

Government in implementing the KSN Mebidangro,

including in handling cross-regency/city waste.

A synergistic and conducive collaboration format

can be formulated by placing the Medan City waste

problem as a cross-regency/City problem, thus

requiring the North Sumatra Provincial Government

to intervene. According to the Head of North

Sumatra Provincial Government Administration

Bureau for Meydina Arhan, the North Sumatra

Provincial Government has started to initiate the

growth of cooperation forums between regencies /

cities through the holding of District / City

Government Apparatus Coordination Meeting on

Collaborative Management of Medan City Waste and Deli Serdang Regency in the Mebidangro Concept

157

24-26 June 2018 by presenting speakers from the

Ministry of Home Affairs, Professor University of

North Sumatra and the Chamber of Commerce and

Industry (KADIN-Indonesia Chamber of

Commerce). Regarding the collaboration format,

there are various choices of regional cooperation

models that can be considered. According to

Muhammad Arifin Nasution:

"To determine the right collaboration format, there

are several choices. It can be in the form of a Joint

Secretariat (Sekber) like in Kartamantul

(Yogyakarta-Sleman-Bantul), it can also be in the

form of Regional Management such as in

Barlingmascakeb in Central Java and Jonjok Batur

on Lombok Island, or other forms. The important

thing is that the initiation steps for cooperation

must be started immediately and so on intensified

and even institutionalized through Regional

Regulations, so that not only the problem of waste

can be solved but also other problems such as

health services, environmental balance,

transportation and spatial planning ".

Alternative solutions outside collaboration and

cooperation between regions are also worth

considering. However, when alluding to alternative

solutions in the form of privatization of waste

management, Medan City Sanitation Department

Operational Head said:

"There have been several prospective foreign

investors who have conducted a survey to look at

investment opportunities in the waste sector in

Medan, including from Japan, South Korea and

China, but afterwards we did not receive news

about the (follow-up) from them, so we can only

guess what factors caused potential investors to

postpone their investment in the field of waste in

the city of Medan."

The uncertainty situation regarding waste

management opportunities through foreign

investment schemes is certainly not a wise choice to

be followed up, therefore Arifin argues that the most

logical concrete steps should be taken to prepare as

soon as possible the formation of institutions that

facilitate the implementation of collaboration and

cooperation between regions.

Furthermore, in an effort to complete and perfect

the Mebidangro Inter Regional Cooperation Agency

(BKAD). In the future, an Integrated Management

Institution will be established as a model of inter-

regional cooperation that is managed jointly between

the regional government members and professional

parties under the auspices of the Province of North

Sumatra.

In the Integrated Management Institution model,

the main activities that are collaborated are managed

by the City/Regency member SKPD, while the

professional party chosen by the member regional

head through afit and proper test istasked with

coordinating between member regions.

Institutionally Integrated is managed by the Deputy

Governor of North Sumatra, the City/Regency

Secretary, Assistant I, Tata praja, Government

Section, and Bappeda. The main function of the

Integrated Management Institution is to assist

coordination, facilitation, mediation, monitoring and

evaluation as well as operational implementation in

the framework of implementing cooperation. The

focus of cooperation in the field of providing basic

facilities and infrastructure as well as solving the

problem of waste (depends on local needs).

The source of funding for the Integrated

Management Institution comes from the post of the

grant, the post of program activities from each

SKPD of the City/Regency in North Sumatra, the

donor agency and the benefits obtained from the

joint work project. This means that the problem of

waste in Medan can become an institutional priority

sector which is the focus of cooperation between the

two regions, including the issue of the impact that

garbage might present; cooperation in clean water,

roads, transportation, drainage, waste water and

solid waste and spatial planning. In implementation,

this collaboration model has almost the same

constraints as the BKAD institutional model,

because the implementers are mostly from the

bureaucracy, making it less flexible in its

implementation and sometimes distrust from each of

its member regions namely Medan City and Deli

Serdang Regency.

4 CONCLUSIONS

Cooperation policies between local governments,

especially Medan City and Deli Serdang Regency

also need to be synchronized so that they do not

obstruct or overlap policy. The availability of

infrastructure and connectivity in the transportation

and logistics system is one of the supporters. The

main regulation in the Mebidangro area concept is

Perpres No. 62 of 2011 concerning Spatial Planning

for Urban Areas of Medan, Binjai, Deli Serdang and

Karo (Mebidangro).

In the Integrated Management Institute model,

the main activity that is collaborated is related to

waste management in Medan City in collaboration

with Deli Serdang Regency. This specifically must

lead to more efficient and effective goals which in

the future will be in the form of regulations

governing cooperation agreements in the agreed

development fields that contain what fields are

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cooperated, who are the actors of the collaboration,

rights and obligations of each of the cooperating

parties. , the sanctions mechanism for violating the

agreement, allocation of funding sources and the

deadline for the agreement to be carried out. With

this kind of regulatory framework, it is expected to

guarantee the certainty of cooperation activities and

the results that will be achieved. In the future, with

the formation of the Inter-Regional Cooperation

Agency (BKAD) Mebidangro the need for strong

interaction and integration in the Mebidangro region

must support development, that is, each region must

be able to make a positive contribution that is

complementary to each other.

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