Abuse of Technology by Driver in Online Transportation

Ashinta Sekar Bidari

, Muhammad Afied Hambali

, Warsito

and Muhammad Taufik Rusydi

Faculty of Law, Universitas Surakarta, Jl. Raya Palur Km. 5 Karanganyar, Indonesia

Faculty of Electrical and Informatics Engineering, Universitas Surakarta, Jl. Raya Palur Km. 5 Karanganyar, Indonesia

Keywords: Online Transportation, Counterfeit Account, Fake GPS.

Abstract: The presence of online transportation brings new breakthroughs in the field of transportation by presenting

more practical online transportation. However, from some of the benefits there is an abuse of existing

sophistication. Abuse occurs from online transportation businesses who make fake accounts and fake gps.

This fake account has a very negative impact on society related to consumer protection, while fake gps is

very detrimental to online taxi providers.

1 INTRODUCTION

Interesting to study about the rise of fake and

fake gps accounts conducted by online

transportation drivers. Initially the presence of

online transportation that brought positive air to the

community, but on the other hand this progress was

abused by certain parties who sought profit by

misusing technology progress. The development and

use of technology is very rapidly developing in the

present time and should be used to facilitate all

human activities always using technological

sophistication.

The dynamics or changes in society can occur

due to several factors including the dissemination of

information including the influence and mechanism

of the media in conveying messages or ideas

(thoughts); capital includes human resources or

financial capital; technology in an element as well as

a factor that changes rapidly in accordance with the

development of science; ideology or religion, certain

religious or ideological beliefs affect the process of

social change; bureaucracy is primarily related to

certain government policies in building its power;

agent or actor, this is generally included in human

capital, but specifically intended are individual

initiatives in seeking a better life (Tejokusumo,

2014). Changes in the social dynamics of the

community related to the presence of online-based

transportation are caused by technological factors

(Martono, 2012). With the existence of technology,

business transactions can use electronic transactions.

Electronic transactions according to Article 1 of Law

Number 11 Year 2008 concerning Information and

Electronic Transactions are legal actions carried out

using computers, computer networks and or other

electronic media.(Indonesia, n.d.)

The beginning of the presence of online

transportation in Indonesia was welcomed by the

community, namely the presence of Gojek and Grab.

Gojek and Grab have brought about changes in the

social dynamics of the community in the field of

utilizing safer, more convenient and practical

transportation services. However, it also brings its

own polemic to conventional transportation parties

who feel their existence is displaced. Existing

technological sophistication can not be separated

from its abuse solely to seek profit for economic

interests. However, on the other hand the misuse of

technology can have an adverse impact on society.

In other countries, such as in the city of

Edmonton, Canada and in the Philippines,

application-based or online transportation makes use

of private vehicles. This transportation is categorized

as a new class, namely the Private Transportation

Provider (PTP) in Edmonton and The

Transportation Network Vehicle Service (TNVS) in

the Philippines. The mechanism, conditions, and

licensing fees are different and separate from taxis.

In Canberra, application-based transportation is in

the category of Hire Car. In the Australian capital,

even every prospective driver must fulfill the

accreditation requirements, one of which is not

having a criminal track record, according to

Australian citizenship, driving license, and taking

anassessment (Aziz, 2016).

Bidari, A., Hambali, M., Warsito, . and Rusydi, M.

Abuse of Technology by Driver in Online Transportation.

DOI: 10.5220/0009927713631370

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Recent Innovations (ICRI 2018), pages 1363-1370

ISBN: 978-989-758-458-9

1363

Misuse of technology by drivers is in the form of

fictitious orders with fake gps and fake account

drivers appearing that do not match the original

driver and the car and police number used. On the

one hand, with fictitious orders and fake gps, it can

be said to help the economy of online transportation

drivers. However, we can examine this from two

things: the first is related to the existence of fake

GPS, the online transportation company, Gojek, is

one of them who is very disadvantaged. Second,

related to the existence of a fake account, this is very

disturbing to the public, consumers who use the

Gojek application are actually bound in an electronic

agreement. However, when in the implementation of

the electronic agreement there is a default or

unlawful act of how to account for it because the

account registered in the motorcycle taxi with the

driver and the car used is not the same. In addition,

consumer protection also needs to be considered

because consumers must be informed of the correct

information about the services or goods in online

transactions.

Based on the above background, the authors are

interested in studying this problem from two aspects,

namely how to study the existence of a fake account

in terms of law, namely the law of consumer

protection and how the study of fake gps is viewed

in terms of information and technology.

2 MATERIAL AND METHODS

Based on the title and problems raised in the

writing of this article, this research is a normative

research, with a law approach, case approach and

conceptual approach. The data source used is a

secondary data source. Data collection method used

by the author is the literature study method.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Development of online transportation that is

developing in Indonesia, namely Gojek and Grab, is

a transportation service provider that utilizes

applications on smartphones (Chuzaimah, 2010) in

the form of android (Sari, 2015). However, in the

development of this transportation application

experienced some abuse in order to get the benefits

of the parties who are online transportation actors,

namely drivers. This abuse certainly has a

detrimental effect on online transportation service

providers and the wider community as consumers.

The beginning of the emergence of the abuse of

technology in online transportation is the increasing

number of online transportation drivers, resulting in

stricter competition among drivers to get consumers.

Misuse of this technology is done as a manipulative

tactic to get more consumers, considering the online

transportation companies provide certain bonuses

according to the number of trips that can be taken by

drivers on one day.

The misuse of technology carried out by online

transportation drivers is due to the weakness of the

online transportation application.

3.1 Fake Account

Fake application for conducting fictitious orders,

which also has two benefits :

a. Make customer orders submitted by the Gojek

driver itself for the needs of the Gojek driver

himself,

b. Make a customer order to be given by the driver

another, so that the victim cannot take the order

again, the goal is to reduce the driver who is

hanging around the location that is often ordered

by the customer (Pranoto, 2007).

To be able to reduce the risk of using fake

accounts that are widely used by Online

Transportation drivers today, developers of Online

Transportation Applications can add security

authentication when the Online Transportation

driver logs into the system by adding retinal or facial

authentication, so that if the initial account has been

confirmed by the retina or face system will again

check the retina or face that is used to log in. So that

if found inequality with old data the system will

automatically reject the login process.

Different cases if the Online Transportation

Driver has entered or logged into the system, but the

driver uses other drivers and other vehicles to make

transactions with consumers, the Online

Transportation Application Developer can add

additional features on the consumer side to report

driver data inequality with conditions when doing

pickup by providing photos of vehicle updates,

photos of vehicle police numbers, and photos of

drivers into the system.

With the development of the system, the

developer must socialize the development of the

system, all the drivers, so that when there are

consumers who give questions and take pictures by

photographing vehicles, taking pictures of vehicle

numbers and photos of drivers will not object.

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3.2 Fake GPS

GPS (Global Positioning System) is a radio

navigation and positioning system using 24 satellites

owned and managed by the United States that can be

used by all people with all weather, and is designed

to provide continuous position, speed and time

throughout the world. The advancement of location

determination technologies such as GPS is growing

rapidly with an increasingly precise level of

precision, various variations, increasingly cheap and

very helpful in terms of navigation (Hanafi, 2015).

Fake GPS is an application that can make it easy

for application users to provide false location

information on a map or Global Positioning System

(GPS), so application users to use that information

for other purposes such as providing false location

information on Online Transportation Applications

in places certain that is considered by many

consumers so that even though application users are

in different locations users still get priority orders

from the online transportation system.

Fake GPS, there are two benefits of using the

application, namely, Fake GPS is used to place false

locations to locations that are often ordered by

customers, so that Gojek drivers no longer have to

approach the location of the order by hanging near

the location that is often ordered by customers. Both

Gojek drivers use fake applications to carry out

fictitious orders, which also have two benefits:

a. Make customer orders that the Gojek driver uses

for the Gojek driver's own needs,

b. Make a customer order to be given by another

driver, so that the victim can not take orders

anymore, the goal is to reduce drivers who are

hanging around the location that is often ordered

by the customer (Pranoto, 2007).

The solution for Online Transportation

Application developers in handling the use of Fake

GPS from the Online Transportation System

Developer side can add features from the Online

Transportation application to be able to read all

applications that have been installed on the Gadged

Driver Device so that when the Driver installs a new

online transportation application, the System will

detect that in integrated gadgets applications that are

not allowed to be used in conducting Online

Transportation transactions. If the Online

Transportation Application has been installed and

just installed the Prohibited Application, the system

can also reject or give a notification when the Driver

will enter or log into the system, so the driver is not

logged into the system.

This third party application can harm other Users

or Online Transportation Drivers who do not use the

application. So that transportation drivers who do

not use fake GPS applications if located further

away will not get an order even though other drivers

are not in the original location but using fake GPS

applications.

With the existence of Fake Accounts and Fake

GPS, besides violating the ethics of using

technology by manipulating data or information, it

has also violated legal protection for consumers of

online transportation users. According to Article 1

paragraph 2 of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning

Consumer Protection, consumers are: "every person

who uses goods and / or services available in the

community, both for the benefit of himself, his

family, other people and other living things and not

for traded ". With online transactions that do not

require business people and consumers must be face

to face, consumer protection must be guaranteed.

Consumer protection according to Article 1

number 1 of Act Number 8 of 1999 concerning

Consumer Protection is any effort that guarantees

legal certainty to provide protection to consumers.

The principle of consumer protection must be

fulfilled in carrying out consumer protection in

Article 2 :

a. The principle of benefit is intended to mandate

that all efforts in the implementation of

consumer protection must provide the maximum

benefit for the interests of the business and

overall business behavior.

b. The principle of justice is intended so that the

participation of all people can be realized

optimally and provide opportunities for

consumers and business actors to obtain their

rights and carry out their obligations fairly.

c. The principle of balance is intended to provide a

balance between the interests of consumers,

business actors and the government in material

and spiritual terms.

d. the principle of consumer safety and security is

intended to provide guarantees for security and

safety to consumers in the use, use and

utilization of goods and / or services consumed

or used.

e. the principle of legal certainty is intended so that

both business actors and consumers obey the law

and obtain justice in the implementation of

consumer protection and the state guarantees

legal certainty (Indonesia, 1999b).

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Consumer protection aims at Article 3:

a. Increase awareness, ability and independence of

consumers to protect themselves;

b. Lifting the dignity of consumers by avoiding the

negative excesses of the use of goods and / or

services;

c. Increasing consumer empowerment in choosing,

determining and demanding their rights as

consumers;

d. Creating a consumer protection system that

contains elements of legal certainty and

information disclosure and access to information;

e. Growing awareness of business actors regarding

the importance of consumer protection so that an

honest and responsible attitude in the business

grows;

f. improve the quality of goods and / or services

that guarantee the continuity of business in the

production of goods and / or services, health,

comfort, safety and consumer safety (Indonesia,

1999b).

Scope of consumer protection can be divided

into two aspects, namely protection against the

possibility of goods delivered to consumers not in

accordance with what has been agreed and

protection against the unfair conditions applied to

consumers (Zulham, 2013). The online transaction

process is basically not much different from the

process of buying and selling transactions in general

in the real world. As in conventional trading, buying

and selling through electronics or online transactions

creates an engagement between parties to provide an

achievement. The implication of the engagement is

the emergence of rights and obligations that must be

fulfilled by the parties involved (Nugraha &

Mukhtar, 2014).

Consumers are required to be aware of their

rights, as a control of the actions and behavior of

business actors and the government (Holijah, 2014).

Article 4 of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning

Consumer Protection regulates consumer rights,

namely (Indonesia, 1999b):

a. The right to comfort, security and safety in

consuming goods and / or services;

b. The right to choose goods and / or services and

obtain the goods and / or services in accordance

with the exchange rate and the conditions and

guarantees promised;

c. Right to correct, clear and honest information

regarding the condition and guarantee of goods

and / or services;

d. The right to hear opinions and complaints about

the goods and / or services used;

e. The right to get protection advocacy, and proper

consumer protection dispute resolution efforts;

f. The right to get consumer coaching and

education;

g. The right to be treated or served correctly and

honestly and not discriminatory;

h. The right to get compensation, compensation and

/ or reimbursement, if the goods and / or services

received are not in agreement or not as they

should;

i. Rights that are regulated in other statutory

provisions.

Article 7 Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning

Consumer Protection regulates the obligations of

business actors, namely (Indonesia, 1999b):

a. Goodwill in conducting business activities;

b. Provide correct, clear and honest information

regarding the condition and guarantee of goods

and / or services and provide an explanation of

the use, repair and maintenance;

c. Treat or serve consumers correctly and honestly

and not discriminatively;

d. Ensure the quality of goods and / or services

produced and / or traded based on the provisions

of the quality standards of goods and / or

services that apply;

e. Providing opportunities for consumers to test and

/ or try certain goods and / or services and

provide guarantees and / or guarantees for goods

made and / or traded;

f. Provide compensation, compensation, and / or

compensation for losses due to the use, use and

use of goods and / or services traded;

g. Providing compensation, compensation and / or

reimbursement if the goods and / or services

received or utilized are not in accordance with

the agreement.

Article 9 of Law Number 19 Year 2016

concerning Amendment to Law Number 11 Year

2008 concerning Information and Electronic

Transactions explains that Business Actors offering

products through electronic systems must provide

complete and correct information relating to contract

terms, manufacturers and products. which is offered.

In the explanation of article 9 of the ITE Law, it is

explained that what is meant by complete and

correct information includes:

a. Information that contains the identity and status

of legal subjects and their competencies, both as

producers, suppliers, organizers and

intermediaries;

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b. Other information, which explains certain things

that become legal requirements of the agreement

and explains the goods and / or services offered,

such as name, address, and description of goods /

services (Indonesia, 2016).

The development of technology will have a

major impact on the protection of consumer rights

which has been the target of the electronic business.

All risks that occur will be felt by consumers along

with the development of a mode of fraud, bad faith,

and oversight or negligence(Wulandari, 2015). The

Consumer Protection Law has explicitly regulated

that consumers have the right to obtain actual

information and the obligation of business actors to

also provide true and honest information. With the

existence of a fake account it has violated what has

been regulated in the Consumer Protection Act.

Given that an online business transaction that

exists on online transportation such as Gojek is

based on a belief, namely the trust of consumers to

transportation service businesses, especially drivers

and vice versa. Online transportation drivers in this

case must stand on the principle of consumer

protection and their obligations which provide clear

information and actual data on their products so that

when consumers use online transportation, they feel

safe when transacting. This sense of trust becomes

very important in an online transaction. With the

existence of fake GPS cases and fake accounts must

be supported by the level of awareness of business

people to organize an online business that guarantees

consumer protection, and vice versa consumers must

also increase legal awareness of their rights in

consumer protection

Law will be sought by humans, when the law is

able to play a role in its duty to guide and serve the

community, so it is not excessive if the main

function of the law is to provide justice. This is in

line with the theory of justice by Adam Smith, who

said the purpose of justice is to secure from injury.

As one measure of justice, the balance between

rights and obligations plays an important role in

every legal pillar so that in formulating the

formulation of justice rights and obligations will be

included (Fuady, 2009).

Drivers who violate their account will be

suspended or suspended (suspended), so they can no

longer receive orders and the contract will be

terminated(Anwar, 2017). The beginning of the

conflict began with some drivers playing cheats by

making fictitious orders using the Fake GPS

application. The majority of drivers have a

motorcycle community in each region, when a

community friend is suspended then these

communities communicate with each other and

eventually create resistance to help their colleagues

involved in problems that lead to demonstrations

carried out in the gojek office. However, the

company did not want to be harmed by the

demonstrations carried out by the drivers because

be found in the following sentence: “I am always

fictitious orders which caused a lot of harm to the

company so that the motorcycle management gave

strict sanctions to anyone who cheated the fictional

order with apply suspension of motorcycle taxi

drivers and impose a fine as compensation for the

company. However, on the other hand gojek drivers

feel disadvantaged by sanctions imposed by the

management of motorcycle taxi because in addition

to their accounts being suspended the amount of

fines they have to pay is very high and varies. In

addition, gojek driver vehicles that cannot pay the

sanctions are held by the company as collateral

(Hidayat & Handoyo, 2016).

Counterfeit accounts are usually used by online

transportation drivers after the drivers get sanctions

from online transportation providers. So that the

driver can operate again, the driver uses a fake

account by buying a fake account from the vendor or

on the internet. The simplest way we can find a fake

account is one of them through the driver, car and

police car number that is not in accordance with the

one in the application. This is very vulnerable,

where consumer protection needs to be protected

related to online transportation transactions, this is

also an agreement even though electronically.

This fake online transportation account in terms

of legal protection does not guarantee the security

and protection of consumers. If in the execution of

the transaction there are defaults, acts against the

law or crime then the responsibility will face

problems. Because the identities listed in the

application include the name of the driver, the type

of vehicle and the police number with those that

serve consumers in different fields. Many cases

happened regarding crimes that were apparently

carried out by drivers who bought fake accounts.

Considering Article 12 paragraph (3) UU ITE

explains that every person who violates the

provisions regarding obligations in electronic

transactions, is responsible for all losses and legal

consequences arising. So that in electronic

transactions accountability is very important.

Considering the need for clearer data /

information regarding the identity of the parties in

this application is very important so the Consumer

Protection Act needs to be renewed, so that legal

Abuse of Technology by Driver in Online Transportation

1367

protection does not only apply to conventional

transactions but also on online application

transactions. This must be addressed by the

Government and online transportation providers

(Wicaksono, 2017). Although the existence of a fake

account is still profitable for online transport

providers, online transportation providers still have

to prioritize the safety and comfort of consumers. So

that online transportation companies should provide

socialization to the public to be able to anticipate

online transportation using fake accounts.

Article 1 number 14 of Act Number 13 of 2003

concerning Manpower is explained that a work

agreement is an agreement between a worker /

laborer and an employer or employer that contains

the work conditions, rights, and obligations of the

parties (Indonesia, 2003). Considering that between

online transportation service providers and online

transportation drivers have been bound in a work

agreement. If the work agreement has regulated fake

GPS and fake account, the driver has defaulted,

which is violating the existing work agreement.

However, if the work agreement does not yet exist,

the online transportation service provider company

can follow up on the action by acting against the law

of the online transportation driver. So from the

company the provider of online transportation

services firmly handles fraud committed by online

transportation drivers by giving strict sanctions and

strengthening work agreements by regulating fake

gps and fake accounts if the work agreement has not

been regulated.

The misuse of technology in the form of Fake

GPS also has negative implications, especially for

companies providing online transportation services.

Online transportation service providers will be

harmed if the order made by the drivers turns out to

be a fictitious order to collect travel points to get

certain bonuses provided by online transportation

service providers. In addition, the existence of fake

GPS brings unhealthy influence on business

competition in the field of transportation both online

and conventional. Given the presence of online

transportation brings its own conflict to date with

conventional transportation. The Indonesian

government policy which has not been able to

accommodate the interests of these two types of

transportation causes prolonged social conflict. So

with the existence of fake gps, it is expected that the

Government can synergize with the online

Transportation Service Provider Company to prevent

and eradicate the existence of fake GPS in order to

realize good business competition.

In the principle of the business world, efforts to

obtain maximum profits are reasonable behavior,

insofar as they do not lead to monopolistic practices

and unfair business competitio (Mantili,

Kusmayanti, & Afriana, 2016). Business

competition law is a law that regulates the

interaction of a company or business actor in the

market, while corporate behavior when interacting is

based on economic motives (Lubis, 2009). The

impact of the existence of fake accounts and fake

gps in addition to consumer protection and loss of

online transportation provider companies will also

lead to unfair business competition among online

transportation modes. This can happen if fake

accounts and fake gps are not handled explicitly,

because the drivers who make fake accounts and

fake gps will monopolize the market in an dishonest

manner.

The definition of unfair business competition

based on Law No.5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition

of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business

Competition in Article 1 number 6 Unfair business

competition is competition between business actors

in carrying out production activities and or

marketing of goods or services carried out with

dishonest or against the law or hinder business

competition. Prohibited activities as referred to in

Law No. 5 of 1999 which occurred or resulted in

monopolistic practices and unfair business

competition, including monopoly, monopsony,

market control, collusion, dominant position. Article

1 Number 4 of Law No. 5 of 1999 states that the

dominant position is a situation where the business

actor does not have a competitor in the relevant

market in relation to the controlled market share, or

the business actor has the highest position among

competitors in the relevant market in relation to

financial ability, access to supply or sales, and the

ability to adjust the supply or demand for certain

goods or services (Indonesia, 1999a).

Competition between business actors in carrying

out activities both in production and marketing or

sale of goods and services is done by ignoring the

values of honesty, unlawfulness and pricing in a

tyrannical manner, this is part of the unhealthy

market phenomenon. UU no. 5 of 1999 in Article 25

states that business actors are prohibited from using

dominant positions either directly to establish trade

conditions with the aim of preventing and / or

preventing consumers from competing goods and /

or services, both in terms of price and in terms of

quality, restrict markets and technology

development; or hinder other business actors who

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have the potential to become competitors to enter the

relevant market (Indonesia, 1999a).

Given the perfect market ideals can not be

separated from the role of the government in

realizing a perfect market. In this case the law must

be able to participate so that market idealism can be

achieved and does not harm the economic actors /

business actors and can realize the balance of

ecosystem business. So that to create a fair business

competition climate, it is expected that online

transportation drivers can run their business honestly

without harming other drivers

4 CONCLUSIONS

The misuse of technology carried out by online

transportation drivers has the following impacts:

a. Consumer

The act of cheating online transportation drivers

in the form of fake accounts and fake GPS does not

provide legal protection for consumers. Related to

the rights of consumers to obtain correct information

and obtain a sense of security in online transactions

must be fulfilled by business actors. However, in the

case of fake accounts and fake GPS, online

transportation drivers cannot fulfill this by aiming

for profit without regard to consumer protection.

Therefore, awareness of consumer protection from

both the consumer and business actors must be

increased.

b. Online Transportation Services Provider

Company

With the existence of fake accounts and fake

GPS this can also have implications for companies

providing online transportation services. The fraud

committed by the drivers of online transportation

can cause losses to the company and reduce the

sense of public trust in the company providing the

transportation service. It is better for companies that

provide online transportation services to follow up

on manipulative drivers by giving strict sanctions

and strengthening work agreements by regulating

fake accounts and fake GPS or other driver actions

that can harm consumers. In addition, it also

increases the security of online transportation

applications so that there are no loopholes by

fraudulent drivers.

c. Business competition

A good business competition climate is needed

to build a healthy market. However, a healthy

market must be supported by existing business

actors. This act of cheating on online transportation

drivers can disrupt the balance of the business

climate in online transportation. In order to compete

for greater profits then fraudulent online

transportation drivers can dominate the market and

hamper other online transportation drivers. The

government in this case must play a role and oversee

in order to realize regulations that can encourage fair

business competition among online transportation

mods.

This transportation application experienced some

abuse in order to get the benefits of the parties of

online transportation actors, namely drivers. This

abuse certainly has a detrimental effect on online

transportation service providers and the wider

community as consumers. Legal protection of

consumers against counterfeit accounts and fake

GPS is stated in Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning

Consumer Protection. This fake online

transportation account in terms of legal protection

does not guarantee the security and protection of

consumers. If in the execution of the transaction

there are defaults, acts against the law or crime then

the responsibility will face problems. Because the

identities listed in the application include the name

of the driver, the type of vehicle and the police

number with those that serve consumers in different

fields. The existence of fake GPS brings an

unhealthy influence on business competition in the

field of transportation both online and conventional.

So the Government is expected to synergize with the

online Transportation Service Provider Company to

prevent and eradicate the existence of fake GPS in

order to realize good business competition.

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