Assessment of Heating and Cooling Energy Needs in
Residential Buildings in SETTAT - Morocco
Abdellah Boussafi, Najat Ouaaline
IMMII Laboratory, Hassan 1
st
University, 26000, Settat, Morocco
Keywords: Thermal evaluation of buildings, Heating needs, Trnsys building, Energy Efficiency, Thermal transfer.
Abstract: The building design with low energy consumption is a major issue in the energy transition in order to reduce
emissions of greenhouse gases and high energy consumption. Indeed, the residential sector is a major
consumer of energy worldwide, especially in Morocco, and also represents a strong potential for improving
energy efficiency, it is in this perspective that this work fits. Our study is based on the evaluation of heating
and cooling needs, with TRNsys software, of an apartment located in the city of Settat and which contains
no measure of energy efficiency.
1 INTRODUCTION
Energy has become indispensable for the human and
economic development of society. After the first oil
shock, fossil energy deposits are becoming scarce
and the cost of energy is increasing. However,
climate and environmental upheavals are the main
factors leading to an awareness of the rational use of
energy.
The building is in the heart of the energy issue,
which represents about half of the total energy
consumption of Morocco. All the parts of a building
is subject to heat transfer and good control of the
latter leads to good management of energy
consumption.
It is in this case that our work is inscribed, to
evaluate the energy needs in heating and cooling of
a residential building type apartment locatedin the
Settat city in the chaouia region in Morocco.
In order to carry out this evaluation our work
will follow this plan:
In the first part, we model our building
subject of the study
the second part will be reserved for the
results and the discussion.
2 MODELING THE BUILDING
2.1 Building
The residential building chosen for our study is an
apartment with a living area of 110 m2 with an
overall floor-to-ceiling ratio of 17.5%.
∑
∑
(1)
2.2 Meteorological Data
It is necessary to introduce weather data collected
from the Meteonorm software in order to carry out
the dynamic thermal simulations with the TRNsys
software.
Thus, the Kingdom of Morocco is divided into 6
climatic zones according to the criteria of
temperature, humidity and direct and diffuse
horizontal radiation.
326
Boussafi, A. and Ouaaline, N.
Assessment of Heating and Cooling Energy Needs in Residential Buildings in SETTAT - Morocco.
DOI: 10.5220/0009771503260329
In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of Computer Science and Renewable Energies (ICCSRE 2018), pages 326-329
ISBN: 978-989-758-431-2
Copyright
c
2020 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
Figure 1: Morocco's climate zonation
In our study, we took Settat as much as a
representative city for zone 1, where our building is
located. The following table presents these
geographic coordinates.
Table 1: Geographic coordinates of Settat
Area City Altitude longitude latitude
Area
1
Settat 365 m -7,6160 33,0010
2.3 Hypothesis of Dynamic Thermal
Simulation
A. Contributions Due to Occupants
The human body is assimilated as much as a thermal
system whose power depends on the activity
exerted. In our study, the apartment studied is
occupied by a young couple and the following table
describes the occupancy benefit of this building.
Table 2: Building occupancy benefit
Time Occupation
Week (17 :00-08 :00) 2
Weekend 2
The TRNsys software represents a set of several
types of occupant gains based on the 7730 standard.
For our case wehave:
Kitchen: 185W/Personne
Living room: 170W/Personne
Other rooms: 100W/Personne
B. The Contributions Due to Lighting and
Electrical Appliances
The electric powers of lighting and electrical
appliances are as follows:
Computers: 230W/PC
Lighting: 10W/m
2
Appliances: 4500W
C. The Air Change Rate
The air renewal rate or the brewing rate is fixed
according to the Moroccan standard 13789/2010 at
0.6 vol / h.
.
(2)
D. Internal Shading
The value of the internal shading is fixed throughout
the year, at a fixed value of 25% of the surface of
the exterior windows.
E. Heating and Air Conditioning
The installed air conditioning system allows
stabilizing the temperature on 25 °, as well as the
heating the maintenance in 20 °.
So we divided our building into 3 zones based on
temperature, direction and profiles of occupants.
Figure 2: Thermal zoning of the habitat
Assessment of Heating and Cooling Energy Needs in Residential Buildings in SETTAT - Morocco
327
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A multitude of simulation has been carried out on
the studied building following baseline scenarios
that involves considering the building constructed
without any measure of energy efficiency.
The following figure describes our simulation model
with the TRNsys software environment.
Figure 3 :Project withTRNsys
The following two figures describe the thermal
behavior of the building, the first describes the
thermal behavior of the building without a heating
or cooling system, and the second figure shows the
thermal behavior of the house while introducing a
heating and cooling system.
Figure 4: Thermal behavior of the building without
heating or cooling system
Figure 5: Thermal behavior of the building with a heating
and cooling system
The graph below shows the electrical energy
consumption in the case of the building with a
heating and cooling system (the blue graph) and
without them (the black graph).
Figure 6: Annual consumption of the building with and
without the heating / cooling system
4 CONCLUSION
According to the results obtained, the electricity
consumption has increased twice and this due to the
adaptation of the heating and cooling system and
which exceeds the thresholds set by the Moroccan
Building Thermal Regulation.
ICCSRE 2018 - International Conference of Computer Science and Renewable Energies
328
These lead us to a thorough study on the
optimization of natural lighting and design an
energy losses and improve airtightness and ensure
high thermal inertia.
REFERENCES
S.Ferrari and V.Zanotto, 2016 . Building Energy
Performance Assessment in Southern Europe,
PoliMISpringerBriefs,
Réglementation thermique de construction au Maroc
“RTCM”. AMEE
N.Morel et E.Gnansounou., 2007. ÉNERGÉTIQUE DU
BÂTIMENT
R. KHARCHI, 2013. Etude Energétique de chauffage,
rafraichissement et eau sanitaire d’une maison type
en Algérie.
G.Krauss, B.Lips, J.Virgone, E.Blanco, 2006.
Modélisation sous TRNSys d’une maison à énergie
positive
Règles Th-Bat, 2015.
Manuel du logiciel TRNSys 16
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