Ozone Technology for Domestic Water Consumption Supply in Puri
Sartika Housing, Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia
Ria Wulansarie
1
, Farida Dian Arianti
1
, Faisal Farabi
1
, Muhammad Fahrul Rahman Alim
1
, Anik Jarmiati
1
,
Asesanti Suci
1
, Setijo Bismo
2
, Megawati
1
, Merisa Bestari Faiz
3
and Susatyo Adi
4
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
2
Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia
3
School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Australia
4
Computer Engineering, Electrical Department, Universitas Indonesia
Keywords: Ozone Technology, Water Quality, Health Problems, Physical and Chemical, Consumption Water
Abstract: Data from Center for Statistics of Indonesia (BPS), Gunungpati Semarang become one of developed areas
with 5,399,085 Ha and 70,901 total population or 20,605 households. The large number of population come
up a problem especially on water supply for domestic needs. Preliminary research showed that the quality of
water on this area is not suitable for consumption on in the other words the minimum standard of good
quality water does not meet. The condition happened because of using water directly from underground that
has contaminated by some sediments and dangerous compound, and it worried for long term, people will
suffer from health problems from using the water. This research developed from the community
engagement activities in Puri Sartika Housing, Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia. With the implementation
of this research, it is expected to be able to provide knowledge about efforts to improve water quality in the
area into consumption-worthy water. Thus, it is hoped that we can be able to apply the ozone technology to
improve water quality in Puri Sartika Housing. From the results checked in PDAM Tirta Moedal Semarang,
the physical and chemical water quality of the ozonated water has a reduction in the water content of the
elements which are used as parameters for the feasibility of consumption water. Physically, the turbidity of
the water after ozonation shows a very different color clarity. The color and turbidity of water before
ozonation were 22 TCU and 5.05 NTU. Then, The color and turbidity of water after ozonation were 11
TCU and 2.92 NTU. From these results it can be concluded that, ozonated water is worthy of being water
that is suitable for public consumption.
1 INTRODUCTION
Semarang City has an area of 373.70 km
2
.
Administratively City Semarang is divided into 16
sub-districts and 177 sub-districts. Of the 16 sub-
districts that exist, there are 2 subdistricts that have
the widest area, namely Mijen Subdistrict, with an
area of 57.55 km
2
and Gunungpati Subdistrict.
According to the 2016 Statistical Agency Data,
geographically Gunung Pati has an area of 54.11
km
2
. The topography of this area is in the form of
medium and high plains, while the sub-districts with
the smallest area are South Semarang Subdistrict,
with an area of 5.93 km
2
followed by the District of
Central Semarang, with an area of 6.14 km
2
.
Puri Sartika Housing is one of the settlements
located in the Gunung Pati Sub-district, Semarang
City. Gunungpati Subdistrict is located in the
southern part of Semarang City, directly adjacent to
Ungaran. From the center of Semarang, the distance
is around 17 km. Gunungpati Subdistrict is a city
development area which has an area of 5,399,085
Ha. The Gunungpati region was occupied ihills with
an altitude of 300 meters above sea level. One of
them is Puri Sartika Housing. Population increase
makes the need for drinking water even greater.
Water supply is obtained from the Kretek Wesi river
which is used for the daily needs of the Gunung Pati
community, including Puri Sartika Housing.
Distribution of the amount of water in Puri Sartika
Housing is approximately 3m
3
/Neighborhood
446
Wulansarie, R., Arianti, F., Farabi, F., Alim, M., Jarmiati, A., Suci, A., Bismo, S., Megawati, ., Faiz, M. and Adi, S.
Ozone Technology for Domestic Water Consumption Supply in Puri Sartika Housing, Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia.
DOI: 10.5220/0009012904460449
In Proceedings of the 7th Engineering International Conference on Education, Concept and Application on Green Technology (EIC 2018), pages 446-449
ISBN: 978-989-758-411-4
Copyright
c
2020 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
Table 1: Advantages and disadvantages of water
purification methods.
Disinfecta
nt
Advantages
Disadvantages
Used
form
Chlorine
gas
It is very
effective for
removing
almost all
microbial
pathogens and
is appropriate
as both pre-
oxidant and
disinfectant
It is a
dangerous
gas that is
lethal at
concentration
s as low as
0.1 percent
air by
volume
Chlori
ne gas
is
emplo
yed as
liquid
solutio
n
Chlorine
dioxide
It is effective at
low
concentrations-
dosages and is
appropriate as
both pre-
oxidant and
disinfectant
It is highly
instable, thus,
it
requires
to be
produced
in situ. It
is
characteri
zed by a
low redox
potential
Chlorine
dioxide
is
employe
d as
liquid
solution
Ozone
It requires shorter
contact
time and
dosage than
chlorine. It
has the
highest
redox potential
among all
the disinfectants
Ozone gas is
highly
unstable
and must be
generated
onsite. It
does not
guarantee
adequate
residual
protection to
water
along the
distribution
system
Ozone is
employe
d as gas
UV light
It effectively
destroys
bacteria and
viruses, and
requires short
contact times
It may not
inactivate
Giardia
lamblia or
Cryptospori
dium cysts.
It does not
guarantee
adequate
residual
protection
to water
along the
distribution
system
Radiation
Association. Water drainage uses a rotating system
at certain hours. Each neighborhood pillar will be
drained from the storage reservoir, using pipes that
flow to each house.
The problems that exist in this region are the
condition of well water that is not clear, and is not
suitable for consumption. In the Figure 1. can be
seen the water in Puri Sartike Housing. The water
was so dirty. This can be seen from the turbid color
of the water and containing brown mud and high
lime content. With the condition of the water
contained a lot of mud that settles in the bottom of a
tub like this, people can only use it for bathing and
washing purposes. Therefore, we need a technology
that can be used to improve the water quality
chemically physically to be consumed.
Figure 1: Water Resources in Puri Sartika Housing.
There were several technology used for water
treatment or water purification. Those technology
were ozone (Wulansarie, 2015; Coward, et.al.,
2018), UV light (Wulansarie, 2015; Coward, et.al.,
2018), chlorine (Sorlini, et.al, 2015). Each
technology has advantages and disadvantage. Those
can be seen in Table 1. (Sorlini, et.al, 2015).
Based on Table 1, water purification technology
applied in this research was ozone technology. There
were several research about ozone. Ozone was
applied in treatment of Vibrio sp. Bacteria
(Wulansarie, 2018). Ozone is a gas molecule
consisting of three oxygen atoms which can be
produced by UV Light and Corona Discharge
(Wulansarie, 2015). So, in this research ozone
technology applied in water purification of Puri
Sartika Housing.
2 METHODOLOGY
In this research ozone technology was applied in
water purification. The sample was water from Puri
Sartika Housing. Ozone generator used in this
research had 0.0325 g/hour concentration. The
research was carried out in pH=7.41 and room
temperature. The flow rate of sample used in this
research was 2 L/minute. The ozonation process was
performed in continuous system. The system for this
research can be seen in this Figure 2. below.
Ozone Technology for Domestic Water Consumption Supply in Puri Sartika Housing, Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia
447
Figure 2: Ozone technology system in water purification.
In the system in Figure 2., the water entered in to
filter 1, filter 2, ozone generator, and the last in to
clean water tank. The gas from ozone generator
passed to the flow for the water purification and then
was recycled to the tank and the process run
continuously. The sample was taken in 30
th
minutes
base on the optimum time disinfection of ozone
(Wulansarie, 2018). The output from clean water
tank was analyzed in Clean Water Company
(PDAM) Tirta Moedal Semarang.
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The result of this research can be seen in Figure 3. In
Figure 3 can be seen the effect of ozone technology
in water purification of Puri Sartika Housing.
Physically, the difference between sample a (before
purification) and sample (after purification) was
very clearly. The sample a was rather muddy and the
sample b was clear or transparent. Physically, we
could say that the sample b (after purification
process) was better than sample a (before
purification process).
Figure 3: a. Water sample before purification, b. Water
sample after purification.
The physical and chemical data for sample
before and after purification process could be seen in
Table 2 below. From Table 2 could be seen
difference in physical and chemical properties
between sample before and after purification.
Table 2: Physical and Chemical Properties of sample
(before and after water purification process).
No
Properties
Unit
After
Purific
ation
Physical
1
Color
TCU
11
2
Turbidity
NTU
2.92
Chemical
3
Hardness
mg/
L
134.56
4
Alkalinity
mg/
L
191
From Table 2. could be seen that the sample after
purification process was better than the sample
before purification process. In this research, ozone
was carried in neutral condition (pH=7.41).
According Peratitus (2003) there are three
ozonation; direct ozonation (in acid
condition/pH<4), ozonation by ozone and OH
radical (in pH= 4 – 9), and ozonation by OH radical
(p>9). So, in this research was direct and indirect
ozonation. According to Manley and Niegowski
(1967), ozonation by OH radical is more powerfull
rather than ozonation by ozone. Ozone could act as a
disinfectant against pathogens, reducing taste and
odor and the ability to oxidize compounds (Suslow,
2004) which suitable with the research.
4 CONCLUSION
Base on this research could be concluded that ozone
technology can be applied in Puri Sartika Housing
water purification process.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors thank to Clean Water Company
(PDAM) Tirta Moedal Semarang for their support
and their contribution in our research.
REFERENCES
Coward, T., Tribe, H., & Harvey, A.P. 2018.
“Opportunities for process intensification in the UK
water industry: A review”. Journal of Water Process
Engineering, Vol. 21, pp. 116–126.
a
b
EIC 2018 - The 7th Engineering International Conference (EIC), Engineering International Conference on Education, Concept and
Application on Green Technology
448
Manley, T. C. & Niegowski, S. J. 1967. Ozone.
Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Wiley. New
York.
Peratitus (ed.), 2003. Ozone Reaction Kinetics for Water
and Wastewater System, A CRC-Press. London.
Sorlini, S., Rondi, L., Gomez, A.P., & Collivignarelli, C.
2015. “Appropriate Technologies for Drinking Water
Treatment in Mediterranean Countries”.
Environmental Engineering and Management Journal,
Vol. 4, No.7, pp. 1721-1733.
Suslow, T. V., 2004. Ozone Applications for Postharest
Disinfection of Edible Horticultural Crops, ANR
Publication, University of California, California.
Wulansarie, R. 2015. “Sinergy of Ozone Technology and
UV rays in the drinking water supply as a
Breakthrough Prevention of Diarrhea Diseases in
Indonesia”. Waste Technology, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 55-
57.
Wulansarie, R. Rengga, W.D.P, & Rustamadji, 2018.
Ozone Technology for Pathogenic Bacteria of Shrimp
(Vibrio sp.) Disinfection, IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci.
Eng.
Ozone Technology for Domestic Water Consumption Supply in Puri Sartika Housing, Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia
449