Model of Investment Water Scheme of Drinking Water Supply
System (SPAM) Development in Mapanget Sub District Manado City
Shirly Susanne Lumeno
1
and Lanny Mamudi
2
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Negeri Manado, Indonesia
2Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Indonesia
Keywords: Scheme model, Investment water, Spam development, Sub district
Abstract: Drinking water management by PT. Air Manado, PDAM (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum / District Company
for Drinking Water Affairs) Manado and UPTD AM (Unit Pelaksana Teknis Dinas Air minum) or technical
service unit for drinking water, to the average community is still relatively low. This can be seen from the
coverage percentage of the area services from the three managers of drinking water supply is still low. The
service coverage of PT Air Manado on the range is still 27.52% to Manado City population. The coverage of
PDAM and UPTD AM in Mapanget sub district is only 12.03% from 54,640 people, which is only 6,573
people. From these percentages, SPAM (Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum / Drinking Water Supply System)
service is still very small from the MDGs (Millennium Development Goals) target for urban population. This
study aims to calculate the feasibility of investing SPAM development in Manado City, especially in
Mapanget sub district. Method of analysis of feasibility factors with data acquisition in field data is analyzed
further using economic investment feasibility calculation. The calculation methods are Benefit Cost Ratio
(BCR), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period (PP). The results shown
in terms of technical factors that make up SPAM distribution planning system consists of raw water from
Kuwil Reservoir by IPA (Instalasi Pengolahan Air) or Installation of Water Treatment and pump. The social
factors of the water needs estimated about 19,741.23 m
3
in 2025 and 2036 plans1
1 INTRODUCTION
The availability of drinking water greatly affects the
survival of humans in the world because it is a basic
human need. Drinking water needs have increased in
line with the increasing population growth in the
world. The target of the MDGs (Millennium
Development Goals) is the achievement of 80%
service coverage for the urban population and 60%
for the rural population.
Infrastructure development investments such as
drinking water supply are considered as one of the
policy instruments for economic development which
is characterized by the development of industries,
settlements, expansion of city / district areas and the
increasing drinking water need. Therefore, it is
necessary to consider the investment as an active
strategy which in its development can invite
participation not only the government but also private
investors.
In the national medium-term investment
development plan, the estimated investment to
achieve the target of service coverage for drinking
water is 274.80 trillion Rupiah where the central
government allocates funds of the state budget of
90.70 trillion Rupiah. The difference in investment
requirements is expected to come from local
government funds of 98.90 trillion rupiah, excluding
the regional government and the state budget
amounting to Rp. 175.90 Trillion Rupiah. Based on
the deviation in budget value needed to achieve
development targets outside government funds, it is
still very high, making other financing sources
absolutely necessary to support the achievement of
the target service coverage that has been set.
Based on the Government Regulation of the
Republic of Indonesia number 16 of 2005 about the
development of drinking water supply systems
(SPAM) chapter I clause I verse 9 states that the
Implementation of the development of Drinking
Water Supply Systems (SPAM) hereinafter referred
to as "The operator is BUMN (Badan Usaha Milik
Negara) or state owned enterprises / BUMD (Badan
Usaha Milik Daerah) or Regional Owned
Lumeno, S. and Mamudi, L.
Model of Investment Water Scheme of Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) Development in Mapanget Sub District Manado City.
DOI: 10.5220/0009008001690177
In Proceedings of the 7th Engineering International Conference on Education, Concept and Application on Green Technology (EIC 2018), pages 169-177
ISBN: 978-989-758-411-4
Copyright
c
2020 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
169
Enterprises, koperasi, private enterprises, and / or
community groups that carry out the development of
drinking water supply systems ". The Verse 10 states
that "Organizers are individuals, community groups,
or institutions that obtain drinking water services
from the operator", so that to archieve the target of
drinking water supply based on the deviation between
the state budget and regional budget with RPIJMN is
through cooperation between the government and the
private sectors, such as; bank loans, Obligations,
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Government
Investment Centers (GIC) and others. So that with
this alternative financing is expected to accelerate the
achievement of the target of the development of
drinking water supply in an area specifically.
SPAM in Manado City is currently managed
mostly by PT. Air Manado, some region in
Malalayang sub-districts are managed by UPTD AM,
while Mapanget sub-district is managed by PDAM
Manado and UPTD AM.
So far in drinking water management by PT. Air
Manado, PDAM Manado and UPTD AM, the level of
service to the public is still relatively low. This can be
seen from the coverage percentage of the area
services from the three managers of drinking water
supply is still low. The service coverage of PT Air
Manado on the range is still 27.52% to Manado City
population. The coverage of PDAM and UPTD AM
in Mapanget sub district is only 12.03% from 54,640
people, which is only 6,573 people. Based on these
percentages, SPAM services are still very small from
the MDGs target for urban residents. According in the
Manado City Spatial Plan in 2017 where Mapanget
sub district development has changed for its
designation, which is to become the central
development area of Manado City. The consequences
of that development are the many additional office
buildings, housing and commerce that certainly
accompanied by population growth which greatly
affects the level of drinking water needs.
Based on the above description in Mapanget sub-
district, it is necessary to develop a drinking water
supply system that is expected to achieve the needs of
drinking water both in terms of quality and quantity.
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The Methodology was started by collecting data, both
primary and secondary data through literature
studying, surveying, interview and filling out the
questionnaires. Furthermore, identification of the
determine feasibility factors of the SPAM is carried
out.
The next step is data analysis. The Both of data is
analyzed based on the feasibility factors. The
indicators of technical factor are source water and the
transmission system. The indicators of social factors
are service area, population development, total usage,
desire to subscribe of drinking water. The indicator of
institutional factor is organization of SPAM. The
output of this stage is the feasibility of drinking water
supply systems technically, socially and
institutionally.
The last Stage is economical and financial
analysis based on technical, social and institution
factor. The indicators are the all of cost, the benefit
and price of drinking water. The feasibility
investment determined IRR, NPV, BCR, and PP.
3 RESULTS AND DISSCUSION
3.1 Identification and Analysis of
Technical Feasibility Factors
Analysis of water source in Mapanget sub district
based on SPAM Manado and SPAM Bimantara
Master Plan consists 3 water sources that are Paniki
river, Tondano river and Kuwil reservoir. Paniki river
have used for some region in Mapanget sub district
but did not supply all the need. So the focus of the raw
water source on Tondano river also used for electric
source and Kuwil reservoir.
Table 1 shown that Kuwil reservoir is the best
choice for water source where is the water flow
system is the highest point to be used as a reference
in determining alternative water sources because it is
easier to operate and maintain.
SPAM Distribution System Planning consists of
raw water sources, Kuwil Reservoir. Production units
in the form of IPA and pumps. IPA will be planned
has capacity amount 50 L/s in 2025 and 3600 L/s in
2036 Two intake pump and one distribution needed.
Reservoir unit consist container reservoirs, Bengkol
reservoirs and Paniki Atas reservoirs with capacity
will be reaching 3000 m
3
.
The unit of pipeline consists transmission pipe
amount 6000 m and distribution pipe amount 5775 m.
3.2 Identification and Analysis of
Social Feasibility Factors
The population of Mapanget sub district amount
53,716 people. The growth rate of the Mapanget sub
district population from 2011 to 2016 can be seen in
Table 2. According to Table 2, the growth percentage
EIC 2018 - The 7th Engineering International Conference (EIC), Engineering International Conference on Education, Concept and
Application on Green Technology
170
Table 1: Utilization of the water sources.
No
Contents
Kuwil Reservoir
Tondano River
1
Lokasi
Kuwil,North Minahasa
Minahasa
2
Elevation
+87 masl
+680 masl
3
Coordinate
1'º26’44.14” N
125º56’17.77” E
1º17”13.78” N
124º54”48.81” E
4
Min. debit availability (L/s)
4300
3300
5
Max. debit utilized (L/s)
2000
3226
6
Taking raw water
Pump
Pump
7
Water flow system
Gravitation
Pump
8
Water source quality
a. Rainy season
b. Dry season
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
9
Continuous flow
Yes
Yes
10
Technical recommendation
Ok
Studying
is 2.56 %. The Population projection in 2025 and
2036 can be predicted using arithmetic formula that
is 59,699 in 2025 and 95,521 in 2036.
Table 2: Mapanget population data.
Year
Population Increase
(people)
(%)
2011
2012
5373
10.71
2013
1028
2.01
2014
457
0.89
2015
592
1.13
2016
1493
2.78
Mean
1490.5
2.92
Based on mayor decision in 2017, Mapanget is
prepared to be a new city. So, we used the term from
Ministry of Public Work for determine the total usage
of water drinking need. Survey Sampling using 165
respondents who did not serve by PDAM and UPTD
AM. The total usage is 19,120 L/day/family with
119.16 L/day/person. Data analysis for total water
usage using term from Public Work Department in
the Pelita Plan V what is adjusted by regional
classification and total population. The result shown
on the Table 3.
The capacity of the existing installed system for
Mapanget served by PDAM and UPTD AM is 65 L/s.
Based on water demand at peak hours in 2025 that is
145.67 L/s, there is a system shortage of 80.67 L/s,
while for 2036 it is 228.49 L/s, there is a system
shortage of 163.49 L/s.
Questionnaire forms that have been carried out for
the calculation of the water needs analysis.
Questionnaire are also used to determine the
willingness and ability of communities in Mapanget
to subscribe to clean water. The results of the
questionnaire obtained in knowing the number of
people who want to subscribe drinking water that is
51 % want to subscribe and 46.7% did not said yes or
no. The people who want to subscribe has the ability
to pay in 100,000 – 500,000 rupiah amount 88%.
Table 3: Water drinking usage projection in Mapanget.
Year
Domestic
(L/s)
Non-
domestic
(L/s)
Water
Depri-
ation
Water usage
in hour peak
(m
3
/day)
2017
7.34
1.45
1.74
1,556.48
2025
58.64
11.73
14.07
12,585.91
2036
91.98
18.40
22.08
19,741.23
3.3 Identification and Analysis of
Institutional Feasibility Factors
The plan for developing the SPAM in Mapanget, by
building IPA and the main distribution network. The
investment needed in the development of SPAM is
quite large. These costs can be obtained from several
sources, such as from the central government,
provincial governments, private enterprise or
cooperation between the provincial government and
the district /city government, or cooperation with the
private sector. Based on Act No. 7 of 2004 about
water resource, the provincial government takes
responsibility of the management drinking water. So,
they must arrange the scheme and the plan for the
management. They management by government if all
financing is borne entirely by the provincial
government.
Based on the review of the SPAM organizing
institution and by considering the authority and
responsibility of the SPAM manager in accordance
Model of Investment Water Scheme of Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) Development in Mapanget Sub District Manado City
171
with Government Regulation no. 122 of 2015, the
organizer for the development of SPAM in Mapanget
is the North Sulawesi Provincial Government in this
case the Public Works Agency and the one handling
it is the UPTD AM. The organizational structure must
be able to describe the main activities in the
management system, clear work patterns and have the
functions of planning, implementation and control,
and supervision by describing their duties, authorities
and responsibilities.
3.4 Identification and Analysis of
Economic Feasibility Factors
3.4.1 Job fee
Cost components calculated for economic analysis
include three components, namely the cost of the SID
(Survey Investigasi dan Desain) or Investigation and
Design Survey, construction costs, operating and
maintenance costs.
Table 4: SID costs, construction cost, maintenance and
operations (financial).
Year
Job stage
Total Cost
(in milion Rupiah)
Year 2025
year 2036
1
SID
Construction
Operational
and
maintenance
550.00
550.00
2
37,025.00
58,050.00
3
740.50
1,161.00
4
740.50
1,161.00
5
740.50
1,161.00
6
740.50
1,161.00
7
740.50
1,161.00
8
740.50
1,161.00
9
740.50
1,161.00
10
740.50
1,161.00
11
740.50
1,161.00
12
740.50
1,161.00
13
1,110.75
1,741.50
14
1,110.75
1,741.50
15
1,110.75
1,741.50
16
1,110.75
1,741.50
17
1,110.75
1,741.50
18
1,110.75
1,741.50
19
1,110.75
1,741.50
20
1,110.75
1,741.50
Construction costs in accordance with the Budget
Plan are calculated based on the current work unit
price. For raw water sources, only 1 (one) alternative
location is used that is Kuwil Reservoir. In the
economic analysis, it is assumed that the construction
of this raw water supply system will be built in stages
over two periods, namely in 2025 to 2036 for the
Intake of Kuwil Reservoir. The results of the
calculation of the budget plan for the construction of
the system in Mapanget Subdistrict, the results of the
approach were obtained. For 2025, the construction
costs amounting to Rp. 37,025,000,000.00 and
construction costs for 2036 amounting to Rp.
58,050,000,000.00.
Based on the proportion of the planned
construction costs, then the assumption of SID and
managerial costs for 2025 and 2036 is calculated as a
result of Rp. 550,000,000.00. Based on the proportion
of the assumed construction cost assumptions, it is
assumed that operating and maintenance costs are
made. Based on the system, the planned annual
operating and maintenance costs are estimated to
range between 1 - 3% of construction costs. For the
calculation of economic analysis, it is assumed that
OP costs are an average of 1% for the first 10 years
and 1.5% for the time after that. Based on these
assumptions it can be calculated the amount of OP
costs each year (Table 4).
3.4.2 Cost of Economic Benefits
The value of the work cost is calculated as a financial
cost (based on market prices). For the purposes of
analyzing the cost of economic benefits, the amount
of the costs (economy) is needed based on adjusted
market prices. If the financial costs based on market
prices have been calculated, then the economic costs
can be calculated or approached with a 'conversion
factor'.
The traded components are given a conversion
factor of 1.06 while those not traded are divided into
casual laborers of 0.80 and local materials of 1.0.
Whereas for operation and maintenance, the average
conversion factor is 1.015.
In calculating the economic costs, the conversion
factors are modified into a conversion factor. The
conversion factor is calculated by giving the value to
each component by calculating the planned system.
Financial costs are then multiplied by the appropriate
conversion factors producing economic costs shown
in Table 5.
3.4.3 The Determination of the Benefit
Based on the SPAM investment feasibility
guidelines, the average direct benefit is around 30%
of the total cost of work both for SID work,
construction and operation and maintenance, and this
amount is used in calculating the amount of direct
benefits. In calculating the amount of indirect
benefits, several assumptions and approaches are
EIC 2018 - The 7th Engineering International Conference (EIC), Engineering International Conference on Education, Concept and
Application on Green Technology
172
Table 5: SID costs, construction cost, maintenance and
operations (economical).
Year
Job stage
Total Cost
(in milion Rupiah)
Year 2025
year 2036
1
SID
Construction
Operational
and
maintenance
550.00
550.00
2
37,025.00
58,050.00
3
740.50
1,161.00
4
740.50
1,161.00
5
740.50
1,161.00
6
740.50
1,161.00
7
740.50
1,161.00
8
740.50
1,161.00
9
740.50
1,161.00
10
740.50
1,161.00
11
740.50
1,161.00
12
740.50
1,161.00
13
1,110.75
1,741.50
14
1,110.75
1,741.50
15
1,110.75
1,741.50
16
1,110.75
1,741.50
17
1,110.75
1,741.50
18
1,110.75
1,741.50
19
1,110.75
1,741.50
20
1,110.75
1,741.50
Total
55,383.05
86,506.78
Table 6: Total benefit value (direct and indirect).
Year
Total cost
(Million Rupiah)
Year 2025
Year 2036
1
1,466.96
1,926.49
2
21,863.82
29,684.10
3
6,833.09
9,259.55
4
9,422.49
12,768.00
5
13,306.59
18,030.68
6
13,306.59
18,030.68
7
13,306.59
18,030.68
8
13,306.59
18,030.68
9
13,306.59
18,030.68
10
13,306.59
18,030.68
11
13,306.59
18,030.68
12
13,306.59
18,030.68
13
13,486.39
18,274.89
14
13,486.39
18,274.89
15
13,486.39
18,274.89
16
13,486.39
18,274.89
17
13,486.39
18,274.89
18
13,486.39
18,274.89
19
13,486.39
18,274.89
20
13,486.39
18,274.89
Total
253,930.26
344,082.71
used by considering the condition of the area and the
location of the work. In Mapanget, the benefits is
assumed derived from the development of SPAM that
are benefits for public health, community
productivity, community economic growth,
community resilience and property assets.
In this case each benefit for each aspect is given a
scale of 1, 2 or 3 where the smaller the number
indicates the higher or the greater the benefits raised.
For the benefit of economic growth and property
assets given a scale of 1 while the health, productivity
and resilience of the community are given a scale of
2. Furthermore, in calculating the amount of indirect
benefits, it is assumed that the amount of benefits
generated every year is at a maximum of 5% of the
economic costs of SID work and construction. The
direct and indirect benefits shown in Table 6.
4 IDENTIFICATION AND
ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC
FEASIBILITY FACTORS
4.1 BCR, NPV and IRR Analysis
After all costs and benefits are obtained in the year
price, the economic feasibility criteria of a project
(BCR, NPV and IRR) can be calculated. Price values
for both costs and benefits must be converted with a
'discount factor', which is (1 + i) -n, to get the current
price in the same year. The "i" means Rate Return.
The Rate of Return used for the analysis of
economic costs is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%.
Calculation results to get the BCR, NPV,and IRR
using 5% interest rates. For the calculation of the next
interest rate are used10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. All the
data Shown in Table 7-10. From the above, The
values for i = 5%, it can be concluded:
BCR : 2.26%> 1.00 Eligible
NPV 2025 : Rp. 59,426.44> 0 Eligible
NPV 2036 : 92,632,18> 0 Eligible
IRR 2025 : 26,833%> 5% Eligible
IRR 2036 : 26,86463%> 5% Eligible
4.2 Water Prices and PP Analysis
From each year the plan analyzed for each interest
rate level can be illustrated that the economic analysis
carried out is feasible, this can be seen from the BCR
value of more than 1, the NPV is positive, the IRR
value is greater than the interest value used and the
Payback Period for interest rates of 5% - 20% less
than 15 years. But for interest rates of 25%, the
payback period obtained is greater than 15 years so it
is not feasible to invest.
Model of Investment Water Scheme of Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) Development in Mapanget Sub District Manado City
173
Table 7: Calculation of BCR and NPV for the Construction Period of 2025.
Year
Dis,F (I = 5%)
Cost
Benefit
PV Cost
PV Benefit
Ratio Net (B/C)
(Milllion Rupiah)
1
2
3
4
5 = 2 X 3
6 = 2 X 4
7 = 6 : 5
0
1.0000
574.20
998.91
574.20
998.91
1
0.9524
38,061.70
13,898.46
36,249.24
13,236.63
2
0.9070
761.23
4,361.62
690.46
3,956.12
3
0.8638
761.23
6,014.92
657.58
5,195.91
4
0.8227
761.23
8,494.87
626.27
6,988.75
5
0.7835
761.23
8,494.87
596.45
6,655.95
6
0.7462
761.23
8,494.87
568.04
6,339.00
7
0.7107
761.23
8,494.87
540.99
6,037.15
8
0.6768
761.23
8,494.87
515.23
5,749.66
9
0.6446
761.23
8,494.87
490.70
5,475.87
10
0.6139
761.23
8,494.87
467.33
5,215.11
11
0.5847
761.23
8,494.87
445.08
4,966.77
12
0.5568
1,141.85
8,609.06
635.83
4,793.84
13
0.5303
1,141.85
8,609.06
605.55
4,565.57
14
0.5051
1,141.85
8,609.06
576.71
4,348.16
15
0.4810
1,141.85
8,609.06
549.25
4,141.10
16
0.4581
1,141.85
8,609.06
523.10
3,943.91
17
0.4363
1,141.85
8,609.06
498.19
3,756.10
18
0.4155
1,141.85
8,609.06
474.46
3,577.24
19
0.3957
1,141.85
8,609.06
451.87
3,406.90
20
0.3769
1,141.85
8,609.06
430.35
3,244.66
Total
56,524.90
170,714.37
47,166.88
106,593.32
2.2599
Ratio Net B/C
2.26
NPV
59,426.44
Table 8: Calculation of BCR and NPV for the Construction Period of 2036.
Year
Dis,F (I =
5%)
Cost
Benefit
PV Cost
PV Benefit
Ratio Net
(B/C)
(Million Rupiah)
1
2
3
4
5 = 2 X 3
6 = 2 X 4
7 = 6 : 5
0
1.0000
574.20
1,461.46
574.20
1,461.46
1
0.9524
59,675.40
21,770.22
56,833.71
20,733.54
2
0.9070
1,193.51
6,804.05
1,082.55
6,171.48
3
0.8638
1,193.51
9,382.45
1,031.00
8,104.92
4
0.8227
1,193.51
13,250.05
981.90
10,900.85
5
0.7835
1,193.51
13,250.05
935.14
10,381.76
6
0.7462
1,193.51
13,250.05
890.61
9,887.39
7
0.7107
1,193.51
13,250.05
848.20
9,416.56
8
0.6768
1,193.51
13,250.05
807.81
8,968.16
9
0.6446
1,193.51
13,250.05
769.35
8,541.10
10
0.6139
1,193.51
13,250.05
732.71
8,134.38
11
0.5847
1,193.51
13,250.05
697.82
7,747.03
12
0.5568
1,790.26
13,429.08
996.88
7,477.81
13
0.5303
1,790.26
13,429.08
949.41
7,121.73
14
0.5051
1,790.26
13,429.08
904.20
6,782.60
15
0.4810
1,790.26
13,429.08
861.15
6,459.62
16
0.4581
1,790.26
13,429.08
820.14
6,152.02
17
0.4363
1,790.26
13,429.08
781.09
5,859.06
18
0.4155
1,790.26
13,429.08
743.89
5,580.06
19
0.3957
1,790.26
13,429.08
708.47
5,314.34
20
0.3769
1,790.26
13,429.08
674.73
5,061.28
Total
88,297.04
266,280.31
73,624.98
166,257.15
2.2582
Ratio Net B/C
2.26
NPV
92,632.18
EIC 2018 - The 7th Engineering International Conference (EIC), Engineering International Conference on Education, Concept and
Application on Green Technology
174
Table 9: Calculation of IRR for the Construction Period of 2025.
Year
Dis,F
(I = 5%)
Cost
Benefit
PV Cost
PV Benefit
Ratio Net (B/C)
(Million Rupiah)
1
2
3
4
5 = 2 X 3
6 = 2 X 4
7 = 6 : 5
0
1.0000
574.20
998.91
574.20
998.91
1
0.7884
38,061.70
13,898.46
30,009.30
10,958.08
2
0.6216
761.23
4,361.62
473.21
2,711.34
3
0.4901
761.23
6,014.92
373.10
2,948.04
4
0.3864
761.23
8,494.87
294.16
3,282.67
5
0.3047
761.23
8,494.87
231.93
2,588.19
6
0.2402
761.23
8,494.87
182.86
2,040.62
7
0.1894
761.23
8,494.87
144.18
1,608.91
8
0.1493
761.23
8,494.87
113.67
1,268.52
9
0.1177
761.23
8,494.87
89.62
1,000.15
10
0.0928
761.23
8,494.87
70.66
788.56
11
0.0732
761.23
8,494.87
55.71
621.73
12
0.0577
1,141.85
8,609.06
65.89
496.78
13
0.0455
1,141.85
8,609.06
51.95
391.68
14
0.0359
1,141.85
8,609.06
40.96
308.82
15
0.0283
1,141.85
8,609.06
32.29
243.48
16
0.0223
1,141.85
8,609.06
25.46
191.97
17
0.0176
1,141.85
8,609.06
20.08
151.36
18
0.0139
1,141.85
8,609.06
15.83
119.34
19
0.0109
1,141.85
8,609.06
12.48
94.09
20
0.0086
1,141.85
8,609.06
9.84
74.18
Total
56,524.90
170,714.37
32,887.40
32,887.43
1.0000
Ratio Net B/C
1.00
NPV
0.04
Table 10: Calculation of IRR for the Construction Period of 2036.
Year
Dis,F (I = 5%)
Cost
Benefit
PV Cost
PV Benefit
Ratio Net
(B/C)
(Million Rupiah)
1
2
3
4
5 = 2 X 3
6 = 2 X 4
7 = 6 : 5
0
1.0000
574.20
1,461.46
574.20
1,461.46
1
0.7882
59,675.40
21,770.22
47,038.64
17,160.20
2
0.6213
1,193.51
6,804.05
741.56
4,227.53
3
0.4898
1,193.51
9,382.45
584.53
4,595.10
4
0.3860
1,193.51
13,250.05
460.75
5,115.11
5
0.3043
1,193.51
13,250.05
363.18
4,031.95
6
0.2399
1,193.51
13,250.05
286.27
3,178.15
7
0.1891
1,193.51
13,250.05
225.65
2,505.15
8
0.1490
1,193.51
13,250.05
177.87
1,974.66
9
0.1175
1,193.51
13,250.05
140.20
1,556.51
10
0.0926
1,193.51
13,250.05
110.51
1,226.91
11
0.0730
1,193.51
13,250.05
87.11
967.10
12
0.0575
1,790.26
13,429.08
103.00
772.61
13
0.0453
1,790.26
13,429.08
81.19
609.00
14
0.0357
1,790.26
13,429.08
64.00
480.04
15
0.0282
1,790.26
13,429.08
50.44
378.39
16
0.0222
1,790.26
13,429.08
39.76
298.26
17
0.0175
1,790.26
13,429.08
31.34
235.10
18
0.0138
1,790.26
13,429.08
24.71
185.32
19
0.0109
1,790.26
13,429.08
19.47
146.07
20
0.0086
1,790.26
13,429.08
15.35
115.14
Total
88,297.04
266,280.31
51,219.74
51,219.77
1.0000
Ratio Net B/C
1.00
NPV
0.03
Model of Investment Water Scheme of Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) Development in Mapanget Sub District Manado City
175
Table 10: The effect of interest rates on BCR, NPV, IRR, selling price and PP of 2025.
Interest Rate (i)
Current cost
Benefit cist
BCR
NPV
IRR
Selling price
PP
%
(Rp, Million)
(Rp, Million)
(Rp, Million)
(Rp,)
(Year)
5
47,166.88
106,593.32
2.26
59,426.44
26.8330
2,559.71
13.83
10
41,732.81
73,184.23
1.75
31,451.43
26.8330
2,109.61
13.18
15
38,164.57
54,231.06
1.42
16,066.49
26.8330
1,734.42
13.47
20
35,571.30
42,624.83
1.20
7,053.52
26.8330
1,419.17
14.55
25
33,537.63
35,028.46
1.04
1,490.83
26.8330
1,152.36
16.44
Table 11: The effect of interest rates on BCR. NPV. IRR. selling price and PP of 2036.
Interest Rate (i)
Current cost
Benefit cist
BCR
NPV
IRR
Selling price
PP
%
(Rp, Million)
(Rp, Million)
(Rp, Million)
(Rp,)
(Year)
5
73,624.98
166,257.15
2.26
92,632.18
26.8646
2,564.83
13.72
10
65,105.11
114,140.54
1.75
49,035.43
26.8646
2,114.74
13.07
15
59,510.62
84,573.27
1.42
25,062.65
26.8646
1,739.54
13.35
20
55,444.74
66,466.33
1.20
11,021.59
26.8646
1,424.29
14.41
25
52,256.23
54,614.36
1.05
2,358.13
26.8646
1,157.48
16.28
5 CONCLUSION
In developing the SPAM in Mapanget, the factors that
determine the feasibility of this project are technical
factors from the aspect of raw water sources and
piping network systems; social factors from the
aspect of population, regional development, water
usage and desire to subscribe; institutional factors
from aspects of institutional and SPAM management
organizations; economic factors from aspects of SID
costs, construction costs, operating and maintenance
costs and benefit costs.
Based on the results of the analysis of these
factors, it was found that the development of SPAM
in Mapanget was feasible to be carried out using raw
water sources in the Kuwil reservoir. The results of
the investment feasibility calculation for the planned
year 2025 and 2036 assuming an interest rate of 25%,
the payback period obtained is greater than 15 years
so the project is not feasible to be carried out. While
the Payback Period for interest rates of 5% - 20% is
obtained less than 15 years with a BCR value of more
than 1, the NPV is positive, the IRR value is greater
than the interest rate used so that the project is
declared feasible to carry out.
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Model of Investment Water Scheme of Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) Development in Mapanget Sub District Manado City
177