The Influence of Student’s Perception about Teacher’s Basic

Teaching Skills and Students Charactheristic

to Student Learning Achievement

Nilam Enggarsasi Setyoningrum, Puji Handayati

Universitas Negeri Malang

Keywords : student’s perception, teacher basic teaching skills, characteristics, learning achievement

Abstract : This research is about four of teacher’s basic teaching skills and student’s characteristics to student

learning achievement. The aims of this research is to show the influence of student perceptions of teacher’s

basic teaching skills, there are four skills in this research, (1) the influence of student’s perceptions about

teacher’s basic teaching skills to student’s learning achievement, (2) the influence of student’s

characteristics to student’s learning achievement. This research uses a quantitative approach that classified

as explanation research and uses two research instrument, questionnaire, and documentation technique. The

sample of this research is 93 students. Descriptive analysis and double linear regression are chosen as the

data analysis method with hypothesis test using t-test that supported by SPSS 21.0 program. The study’s

result shows that (1) student’s perceptions about teacher’s basic teaching skills have a significant positive

effect to student’s learning achievement, (2) student’s characteristics have a significant positive effect to

student’s learning achievement. It can be concluded that when the teacher’s basic teaching skills getting

better according to the student’s perception and student’s characteristics, then the student’s learning

achievement will be better too.

1 INTRODUCTION

Education is an important thing in human life, which

is one of the basic human needs that must be

fulfilled so that humans can behave in accordance

with the norms and rules that have been established

with their own awareness without any element of

compulsion. Whether or not the success of learning

goals depends on how is the learning process. The

teaching and learning process is basically a pattern

of mutual support between teachers and students.

Learning is a business process that is done by a

person to make something new from our

environment (Slameto, 2010: 2). In the learning

process, the teacher is expected to be able to create

learning conditions that can lead students to active

learning situations, including active physical and

mental activities, as well as individuals and groups.

However, if we look at some of the conditions of

teaching and learning at this time, many teachers

simply convey learning without regard to basic skills

that must be applied properly in accordance with

student characteristics, whereas the application of

good teaching basic skills by teachers will be able to

help students achieve good learning achievement in

each set competence. Research of Etuk, at. al

(2013:197) shows that: Students 'perceptions of their

teacher's mathematical knowledge, communication

skills, use of appropriate teaching strategies and

teacher's ability to organize classes have a

significant relationship with students' attitudes

toward mathematics. If students 'perceptions of their

teacher's characteristics are low, students' attitudes

toward mathematics tend to be negative. From the

internal factors of students (characteristics), this has

a large influence on learning because each student

has different characteristics in terms of ability,

behavior, interest in learning and motivation of the

student himself. Therefore, teachers should

understand and apply various basic teaching skills to

deal with students' problems that have different

characteristics in their learning.

There are several reasons why researchers are

interested in choosing this topic. First, it cannot be

denied that the development of the education world

requires teacher skills to be better at following

Setyoningrum, N. and Handayati, P.

The Inﬂuence of Student’s Perception about Teacher’s Basic Teaching Skills and Students Characteristic to Student Learning Achievement.

DOI: 10.5220/0008785800620068

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Research Conference on Economics and Business (IRCEB 2018), pages 62-68

ISBN: 978-989-758-428-2

developments. Maybe there are still many reasons

for choosing this topic, but for researchers, all of it

departs from anxiety researchers see how the

teacher’s basic teaching skills are applied in learning

After the researcher carried out the Field Practice

Study (KPL) activities in SMK Muhammadiyah 5

Kepanjen and through observations of researchers in

SMK PGRI Pakisaji, the researcher assumed that

there were many differences in the way of learning

by basic accounting subjects, there were even

teachers who only conveyed learning without paying

attention to basic teaching skills, even though the

many characteristics of students in both vocational

schools should make teachers more creative in

delivering learning activities. In addition, the

researcher also conducted surveys in both schools

that will be examined that teachers have not been

optimal in managing learning activities, it can be

seen from the teacher's teaching skills that are still

low. Some basic teaching skills for teachers that are

often carried out and classified as low are skills to

ask questions. Skills to provide reinforcement, skills

to make variations, and skills to open and close

lessons. In connection with this, the researcher

conducted a study, namely explanatory research.

The explanatory research is a research that aims to

explain the influence of teacher basic teaching skills

and student characteristics on student learning

achievement in SMK Muhammadiyah 5 Kepanjen

dan SMK PGRI Pakisaji.

The difference between this research and

previous research is by adding characteristics as

independent variables. Besides the other differences,

namely the use of new theories, in previous studies,

no one has used Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Student Perception

Everyone can have different perceptions of things,

objects, or events even though things, objects, or

events are the same. Where these perceptions will

affect the attitude and behavior of the object.

According to Neila (2011) Theory of Reasoned

Action (TRA), which was developed by Ajzen and

named Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), explains

that the most important determinant of a person's

behavior is the intention to behave. Individual

intention to display behavior is a combination of

attitudes to display such behavior and subjective

norms. There are two main factors that influence

namely personal attitude and subjective norms.

Personal attitude is a behavior based on the

individual's trust in the behavior. So, if someone

perceives that the result of displaying a behavior is

positive, he will have a positive attitude towards the

behavior. This theory emphasizes the rationality of

human behavior also in the belief that the target

behavior is under the control of individual

consciousness. What is meant by the object of this

research is the basic teaching skills of teachers. Each

student has a different perception of the same object.

This is influenced by differences in understanding of

stimulus that is captured so that the effect that will

be generated on each person will be different. It can

be concluded that, someone will make a change of

action if they have a positive value from the existing

experience and the action is supported by the

individual's environment.

In this research, the input in question is the basic

teaching skills of teachers, while perceptions are

students. Based on the description described above,

the students' perception of the basic skills of

teaching the teacher is the response or assessment of

students on everything related to the basic skills of

teaching teachers through their senses.

2.2 Teacher’s basic teaching skills

"Learning is a complex process and involves various

interrelated aspects" (Usman, 2010: 74). Ghulam, et

al (2017) "teaching is an arrangement and creation

of a situation in which learners try to overcome the

learning issues or problems". So, learning is an

interactive process in the delivery of material

between the teacher and students, to create creative

and enjoyable learning, a variety of skills are

needed. Among them are teaching skills or teaching

skills.

"Turney (1973) revealed 8 teaching skills that

play a role and determine the quality of learning"

(Usman, 2010: 74), but in this research only focused

on 4 skills, namely questioning skills, reinforcement

skills, variation skills, opening, and closing skills.

The Inﬂuence of Student’s Perception about Teacher’s Basic Teaching Skills and Students Characteristic to Student Learning Achievement

2.3 Student Characteristics

B Uno (2007: 89) argues that Characteristics come

from the word character which means character

traits, traits, or habits that are owned by individuals

who are relatively fixed. But there are also those

who interpret individual aspects or qualities of

students which consist of interests, attitudes,

learning motivation, learning style of thinking

ability, and initial abilities possessed.

"Every student has unique differences, they have

different strengths, weaknesses, interests, and

attention. Family background, socioeconomic

background, and environment make students differ

in their activities, creativity, intelligence and

competency ”(Mulyasa, 2010: 27)

So, each student has different abilities and

dispositions. Students also come from unequal social

environments. The ability, character, and social

environment of students form it into a separate

character that has a certain pattern of behavior. The

pattern of behavior that is formed determines the

activities carried out by students both at school and

outside of the school. Activities are directed toward

achieving the ideals of students, of course with the

guidance of the teacher.

3 METHODS

Students 'perceptions about teacher’s basic teaching

skills measured in this study are 4 basic teacher

teaching skills that become students' views,

responses or judgments on teacher skills involving

sensing the better teacher teaching skills, the better

perceptions by students. The characteristics of the

students referred to in this study are student attitudes

that can be measured and influence the absorption of

material in the learning process. Both of all are

measured through a questionnaire. The learning

achievement referred to in this study is ability real

students that can be measured, namely the mastery

of knowledge, attitude, skills, and values that can be

achieved through learning activities at Basic

Accounting subject studies in schools reflected in

the odd semester Semester Final Examination (UAS)

scores of 10

grade Accounting Program in

2017/2018 obtained through documentation

techniques.

This research is research with a quantitative

approach and the research design is explanative

research. The population in this research were 121

students, including students in 10

grade of

Accounting and Syariah Banking Program SMK

Muhammadiyah 5 Kepanjen and 10

grade of

Accounting Program SMK PGRI Pakisaji, while the

number of samples was 93 students with

Proportional Random Sampling technique. The

techniques used in data collection are questionnaire

techniques and documentation. The data analysis

techniques using multiple linear regression.

4 RESULTS

4.1 Descriptive Data Analysis

4.1.1 Student Perceptions Of Teacher's

Basic Teaching Skills

Based on the distribution of questionnaires to the

samples related to students' perceptions of teacher’s

basic teaching skills to student achievement in basic

accounting subjects found that 13.98% had very

good perception, 46.24% good, 20.43% is quite

good, 15.05% is not good, and 4.30% is very not

good.

4.1.2 Student Characteristics

Based on the distribution of questionnaires to the

samples related to the characteristics of students on

student achievement in basic accounting subjects

found that 11.83% had very good perception,

40.86% good, 26.88 % is quite good, 15.05% is not

good, and 5.37% is very not good.

4.1.3 Student Achievement

Based on the results of the collection of student

learning achievement, that is the UAS value data as

the dependent variable conducted by researcher on

students of SMK Muhammadiyah 5 Kepanjen and

SMK PGRI Pakisaji, it was found that 8% had very

good performance, 24.73% good, 38.71% good

enough, 18, 28% is not good, and 9.68% is very not

good.

4.2 Multiple Regression Analysis

The purpose of this analysis is to determine the

direction and strength of the relationship between

IRCEB 2018 - 2nd INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE ON ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 2018

the variables that have been identified. The results of

multiple regression tests can be seen in this table.

Table 1: Results of Multiple Linear Regression Test

(Source : SPSS 21.0)

Based on table 1 above, the regression

equation is as follows.

Y = 32,692 + 0,368X1 + 0,173X2 (1)

The classification of hypothesis testing with a

significance level of 0.05 and the t

table

value is

1.6619. Here are the partial hypothesis testing

criteria for each independent variable on the

dependent variable:

a. sig > 0,05 atau t

hitung

< t

tabel

, H

accepted

and H

rejected

b. sig < 0,05 atau t

hitung

> t

tabel

, H

rejected and

accepted

Table 2: The result of t testing.

Hypo

thesis

t-table t-count Sig Informatio

H1 1,6619 6,967 0,000 Ha

accepted

H2 1,6619 2,350 0,021 Ha

accepted

(Source: SPSS 21.0)

The results of data analysis in table 2 show that

the probability of teacher’s basic teaching skills is

0.000 < 0.05 and has a calculation of 6.967 > t-table

1.6619, it can be concluded that the hypothesis of

teacher’s basic teaching skills has a significant

positive effect on student achievement. While the

probability of student characteristics of students is

0.021 < 0.05 and has a t-count of 2.350 > t-table

1.6619, it can be concluded that the hypothesis of

student characteristics has a significant positive

effect on student achievement.

The amount of influence of each independent

variable on the dependent variable can be seen from

the partial determination coefficient value which can

be seen in this table 3.

Table 3. Determination Coefficient Test Results

Hyp

othe

sis

Beta Zero-

order

Determinati

Cooficient

(Partial)

Present

age

H1 0,589 0,681 0,4010 40,11%

H2 0,199 0,471 0,09372 9,37%

(Source: SPSS 21.0)

Table 3 Below shows students 'perceptions of

teacher’s basic teaching skills have a significant

positive effect on student learning achievement of

40.11% and students' perceptions of student

characteristics have a significant positive effect on

student learning achievement by 9.37%. So, 50.52%

is influenced by other variables not included in the

multiple linear regression model in this study. For

the calculation of R and Square can be seen in this

table.

Table 4: Calculation Results of R and R Square

From these results, it can be seen that R or

multiple R of 0.703 shows the correlation or

relationship between student perceptions of teachers'

basic teaching skills and student characteristics

affect learning achievement is strong, it is because

the number is above 0.5 which indicates a

correlation strong. While the R Square number of

0.494 means that 49.4% of changes in learning

achievement is caused by changes in students'

perceptions of the basic skills of teacher teaching

and student characteristics, the remaining 50.6% is

caused by other variables not predicted in this study.

So, it can be concluded that students' perceptions of

teacher's basic teaching skills and student

characteristics have a significant simultaneous

influence on student achievement in 10

grade

Accounting Program at SMK Muhammadiyah 5

Kepanjen and SMK PGRI Pakisaji.

The Inﬂuence of Student’s Perception about Teacher’s Basic Teaching Skills and Students Characteristic to Student Learning Achievement

5 DISCUSSION

5.1 The Influence Of Student’s

Perceptions About Teacher's Basic

Teaching Skills On Student

Achievement

Based on the results of the research described in

chapter IV, it can be concluded that students'

perceptions of teacher’s basic teaching skills have a

significant positive effect on student achievement in

the Basic Accounting subjects of 10

grade in SMK

Muhammadiyah 5 Kepanjen and SMK PGRI

Pakisaji. This is supported by the results of the t-test

which shows that t-count of 6.967 is greater than t-

table which is 1.6619 and the probability value

(Sig.) 0.000 is smaller than 0.05. Students'

perceptions of the teacher's basic teaching skills

referred to in this study are responses, assessments

or ways of looking at a teacher in teaching. The

results obtained that students' perceptions of

teacher's basic teaching skills contributed to the

influence of 40.11%. This means that 40.11% of

learning achievement is influenced teacher's basic

teaching skills according to students' perceptions.

This is supported by the following opinions,

according to Mulyasa (2010: 70) "questioning skills

really need to be mastered by the teacher to create

effective and fun learning, because almost in each

stage of learning the teacher is required to ask

questions, and the quality of questions asked by the

teacher will determine the quality answers to

students ". So, in the teaching-learning process,

asking plays an important role because well-

structured questions and appropriate delivery

techniques will also have a positive impact on

students, students will understand the intent of the

questions given and will provide answers that match

those questions. In addition, the skill of providing

reinforcement is also very important. "Strengthening

is any form of response, whether verbal or

nonverbal, which is part of the modification of the

teacher's behavior towards student behavior, which

aims to provide information or feedback (feedback)

to the recipient for his actions as encouragement or

correction "(Usman, 2010: 80). So, the skill of

giving reinforcement is any form of response that is

part of the modification of teacher behavior towards

student behavior, which aims to provide information

or feedback to students for their actions or the

response given as an encouragement correction. In

addition, a teacher must be a master on the skills of

variation with the aim of eliminating student

boredom and the saturation of students in receiving

teaching materials provided by the teacher and to

stimulate and increase student attention so students

can be active and participate in their learning. The

knowledge learned will be able to enter and be

understood when the student is comfortable in

learning, so the creation of appropriate and

comfortable learning variations really needs to be

mastered by the teacher, where the teacher plays an

important role in a learning process. In terms of the

skill of opening and closing the lesson, it is also very

important because it is related to how a teacher

prepares and invites students to start a lesson and

end it well. In addition, the Theory of Reasoned

Action (TRA) which was developed by Ajzen and

named Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), explains

that the most important determinant of a person's

behavior is the intention to behave. So, if someone

perceives that the result of displaying a behavior is

positive, he will have a positive attitude towards the

behavior and vice versa. This theory emphasizes the

rationality of human behavior also in the belief that

the target behavior is under the control of individual

consciousness. What is meant by the object of this

research are the teacher's basic teaching skills. So,

when the student has a positive perception of the

basic skills of teaching a good teacher, the student

displays positive behavior as well and will have an

effect on increased learning achievement. This

research was supported by one of the previous

studies conducted by Rolis in 2009 which revealed

that the basic skills of teacher teaching would make

student achievement better. In the study also stated

that questioning, strengthening, variation, opening

and closing good and proper learning will have a

positive impact on students. Thus the better the basic

teaching skills of teachers, it will make students

have good perception and encourage students to

achieve satisfactory learning achievement. So, the

conclusion is the better the basic skills of teaching

teachers according to students' perceptions, the

better the student's learning achievement.

5.2 The influence of students

characteristics on student

achievement

Based on the results of the research, it can be

concluded that the characteristics of students have a

significant positive effect on student achievement.

This is supported by table 4.8 regarding the results

of the t-test which shows that the t- count of 2.350 is

greater than t table that is equal to 1.6623 and the

probability value (Sig.) 0.021 smaller than 0.05. The

IRCEB 2018 - 2nd INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE ON ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 2018

results obtained that the characteristics of students

contributed an influence of 9.37%. This means that

9.37% of learning achievement is influenced by

student characteristics. From the results of multiple

regression analysis, it is known that the regression

value of the variable of student characteristics is

0.173 meaning that if the characteristics of students

have increased by 1 unit, then the learning

achievement of students will increase by 0.173

assuming other independent variables have not

changed. Sardiman (2001: 118) states that "student

characteristics are the overall pattern of behavior and

abilities that exist in students as a result of nature

and social environment so that it determines the

pattern of activities in achieving their goals." So

each student has different abilities and dispositions.

Students also come from different social

environments. The ability, disposition, and social

environment of students form it into a distinctive

character that has certain behavioral patterns. The

pattern of behavior that is formed determines the

activities carried out by students both at school and

outside of school. Activities are directed toward

achieving student goals, of course with the guidance

of the teacher. Teachers should be able to identify

individual student differences, and set general

characteristics that characterize the class, from the

individual characteristics that are characteristic of

the class the teacher should begin the lesson. So,

each student has different abilities and dispositions.

Students also come from unequal social

environments. The ability, character, and social

environment of students form it into a separate

character that has a certain pattern of behavior. The

pattern of behavior that is formed determines the

activities carried out by students both at school and

outside of the school. So it can be concluded that the

influence of student characteristics on student

achievement in this study is positive or directly

proportional. This means that the higher or better the

characteristics of students, the higher the student's

learning achievement is obtained.

6 CONCLUSION

Based on the results that have been described, it can

be concluded as follows, (1) Students' perceptions of

teacher’s basic teaching skills have a significant

positive effect on student achievement. This shows

that the higher the basic skills of teaching teachers

according to students' perceptions, the better student

achievement. If students have a positive or good

perception about the teacher's asking skills in the

teaching and learning process then students will be

active in learning and happy in following the

learning provided by the teacher so that it will

improve student learning achievement. This finding

is in accordance with the Theory of Planned

Behavior (TPB) which states that a person will take

action if he has a positive value and the action is

under his control. One of the implications for

teachers of basic accounting subjects is that teachers

must be able to master basic teaching skills that are

good in the learning process in order to support

student achievement. (2) Characteristics of students

have a significant positive effect on student

achievement. This shows that the better the

characteristics of students, the better student

achievement. One of the implications for students in

basic accounting subjects is that students must act

well in the learning process because it can support

students' learning achievement.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Firstly, The writer wants to deliver his great thanks

to God for His bless and kindness. It’s His endless

and continuous kindness that make him possible to

complete this research. The writer also wants to

express his sincere thank to all of individual who has

given the contribution for the writer.

I want to deliver my sincere thank to Dr. Cipto

Wardoyo, M.Pd., M.Si., Ak., CA, as my advisor.

Thank you for all your suggestions and guidance

which are useful to finish this research. I express my

great gratitude to Bapak Prof. Dr. Bambang Sugeng,

S.E., M.A., M.M., Ak. and Dr. Nurika

Restuningdiah, S.E., M.Si., Ak., CA, for his

kindness as the examiner, and support with brilliant

suggestions. I also thank all my teachers and

students which are useful to take data for this

research. My greatest sincere appreciation is for my

parents, my best friend, and everyone who always

supporting me.

May Allah SWT always bestow His blessings and

affection to all those who have helped in the process

of compiling this research and the assistance that has

been given gets a reply from Allah SWT and this

research can be useful for readers or other parties

who need it.

The Inﬂuence of Student’s Perception about Teacher’s Basic Teaching Skills and Students Characteristic to Student Learning Achievement

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