The Influence of Audiovisual Learning Media with Powtoon

Application to Students’ Learning Motivation in Accounting Lesson

Azeeta Nur Pratiwi¹, Puji Handayati²*

¹Graduated School of Universitas Negeri Malang

²Universitas Negeri Malang

Keywords: Audiovisual Learning Media Powtoon, Students’ Learning Motivation, Learning Style.

Abstract: This research was conducted with the aim to know the differences of students' learning motivation between

experimental classes which applied the audiovisual learning media with Powtoon application and control

class which did not apply audiovisual learning media with Powtoon application in the learning process. In

addition, this research also examined the differences in students learning motivation seen from learning

styles aspects. This research used a quasi-experimental research design. The data collection of students'

motivation and learning styles was obtained from the results of questionnaires or questionnaires which were

given to the experimental class and control class. Treatment which was given to the experimental class and

control class was done by using the documentation technique. Based on the results of this research, it is

expected that the teachers can apply learning media. It is because by using media in the classroom can make

the learning atmosphere be more fun and the students are more motivated in learning. Furthermore, it is

expected that this audiovisual learning media can be one of the alternative ways to be applied in the

accounting lesson by the teachers. In addition, teachers also need to know the different learning styles of

students by applying the appropriate learning media and learning methods in order to understand that every

student learns differently.

1 INTRODUCTION

Learning is a basic process of education, but from

the implementation of this learning we can see and

know whether education has gone well or not.

According to Rusman (2011: 15) learning is a

process of creating conducive conditions so that

there is an interaction between teaching and learning

communication between teachers, students, and

other learning components to achieve learning goals.

This learning component is a tool for two-way

communication between teachers and students to

work well. One component of effective learning to

support learning activities is learning media.

Learning media is a tool used to assist teachers in

teaching and can support the use of teaching

methods used by teachers. This learning media can

stimulate students' thoughts, feelings, attention,

abilities and skills. One interesting and easy to

operate learning media is Powtoon. Powtoon is an

online application, including types of learning media

that can be used by teachers in giving interesting

presentations during learning, such as in accounting

subjects. Audiovisual learning media with this

Powtoon application is expected to help students to

be more active and understand in accounting

learning activities both in class and learning

independently and can increase student motivation

in learning accounting. Motivation functions to

direct learning activities and is a factor that

determines whether or not good in achieving

learning objectives, including accounting subjects.

So that the greater the motivation of students to learn

accounting, the greater the success, so that students

will become active learning and can improve their

learning achievement.

Motivation is one of the important factors that

can improve student learning activities. According to

Hamalik (1992) in Djamarah (2002: 114),

motivation is a change in energy in a person in the

form of real activity in the form of physical activity.

The stronger the motivation in students, the more

enthusiasm of students to take part in learning.

Motivation functions to direct learning activities and

is a factor that determines whether or not good in

achieving learning objectives, including accounting

Pratiwi, A. and Handayati, P.

The Inﬂuence of Audiovisual Learning Media with Powtoon Application to Students’ Learning Motivation in Accounting Lesson.

DOI: 10.5220/0008783900140019

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Research Conference on Economics and Business (IRCEB 2018), pages 14-19

ISBN: 978-989-758-428-2

subjects. So that the greater the motivation of

students studying accounting, the greater the

success, students will become active learning and

can improve their learning achievement. According

to Ghufron (2013: 10) revealed that an increase in

learning achievement can be achieved by paying

attention to several aspects, both internal and

external. External aspects include how the learning

environment is prepared and facilities are

empowered, while the internal aspects include

aspects of child development and individual

personal uniqueness of children. One of the

individual's unique personalities is learning the style.

Every student has his own learning style in receiving

and understanding the information he gets.

In addition, this study also examined learning

motivation from aspects of student learning styles.

Learning style is the easiest way owned by

individuals in absorbing, managing, and processing

information received. Each student will use their

respective learning styles to understand the lessons

delivered by the teacher. There are three student

learning styles namely the auditory learning style,

visual learning style and kinesthetic learning style.

However, because of the limitations of the

respondents studied, in this study learning styles

were grouped into two, namely visual learning styles

and non-visual learning styles. This difference in

learning styles affects the ability of each student to

understand and absorb the material in the learning

process. In addition, it also causes differences in

learning motivation between students.

This research refers to the research conducted by

Syafitri (2015) with the research title "Development

of Interactive Multimedia Based on Audio Visual

Powtoon in Class XI Accounting Subjects",

Julianingrum (2014) with the title "Model

Pembelajaran Artikulasi dengan Media Animasi

Powtoon untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Mata

Pelajaran Akuntansi Keuangan", and Ardhianti

Yunita (2011) with the title "The Effect of Using

Portfolio Assessment and Student Learning Style on

Student Learning Motivation on Document Making

Competency Standards (Study in Class XI APK at

Muhammadiyah 3 Singosari Vocational School)".

Unlike the research that has been done before,

this study was used to see the effect of using the

Powtoon application on accounting subjects. In

addition, the researchers also wanted to examine

whether the use of audiovisual learning media with

the Powtoon application had an effect on students'

learning motivation when viewed from the aspect of

student learning styles. From this research, it can be

seen that the application of audiovisual learning

media can be a solution to overcome problems in the

differences in learning styles of each student.

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Learning Media

According to Rossi and Breidle (in Sanjaya, 2006:

163) suggest that learning media are all tools and

materials that can be used to achieve educational

goals such as radio, television, books, newspapers,

magazines and so on. Meanwhile, Gadge and Briggs

(1975 in Arsyad, 2002: 4) implicitly say that

learning media includes tools that are physically

used to convey the contents of teaching materials,

which consist of other than books, tape recorders,

tapes, video cameras, video recorders, films, slides

(picture frames), photos, pictures, graphics,

television, and computers. In other words, the media

is a component of learning resources that contains

instructional material in the student environment that

can stimulate students to learn.

Based on the description, it can be concluded

that learning media is a tool that can help the

teaching and learning process and serves to clarify

the meaning of the message delivered, so that it can

achieve better and perfect learning goals. Learning

media are a means to improve the activities of the

teaching and learning process. Given the many

forms of media, the teacher must be able to choose

carefully, so that it can be used appropriately.

2.2 Theoretical Basis for using

Learning Media

According to Arsyad (2002: 9) one of the most

widely used references as the theoretical basis for

media use in the learning process is Dale's Cone of

Experience (cone of the Dale Experience). The cone

is a detailed elaboration of the concepts of three

levels of experience put forward by Bruner.

Increasingly upward at the top of the cone the more

abstract the media is delivering the message. These

sequences do not mean that the learning process and

teaching and learning interactions must always start

from direct experience, but begin with the type of

experience that best fits the needs and abilities of the

group of students faced by considering the learning

situation. Direct experience will give the most

complete and most meaningful impression of the

information and ideas contained in that experience

because it involves the senses of sight, hearing,

feeling, smell and touch.

The Inﬂuence of Audiovisual Learning Media with Powtoon Application to Students’ Learning Motivation in Accounting Lesson

2.3 Development of Research

Hypotheses

The learning process will be meaningful if learning

can attract interest and increase student learning

motivation. According to Mc. Donald (in Djamarah,

2001: 114) motivation is a change in energy in a

person's personality which is characterized by the

emergence of affective (feelings) and reactions to

achieve goals. In addition, according to Hamalik (in

Djamarah, 2002: 114) suggests that motivation is a

change in energy in a person in the form of real

activity in the form of physical. So it is known that

motivation is an impulse that converts energy from

within a person into real activities to achieve certain

goals. If the student has a strong motivation in him

then he will be serious to achieve it. Motivation is

one of the important things in the learning process,

because if students do not have motivation in

learning, they will not do learning activities.

In addition, the difference in learning styles is

one of the things that teachers need to pay attention

to during the learning process. To overcome the

problem of differences in learning styles during the

learning process one of them is to use learning

media. According to Ghufron (2013: 148) argues

that various businesses to meet different learning

styles in the teaching and learning process, such as

using certain programs, are more varied methods of

classroom management conducted by educators.

One program that can be used in the learning process

is using the Powtoon application.

Based on the description above, the hypothesis in

the study is:

= audiovisual learning media with powtoon

application influences students' learning motivation.

= there are differences in student learning

motivation when viewed from the aspect of student

learning styles.

3 METHODS

This study uses an experimental research design.

The design of this study was called quasi-

experimental research, this design was used to

compare a group with certain treatments. The quasi-

experimental design used was Non-Equivalent

Control Group Designs with the Pre-Control model

of Control Group Designs.

Therefore, the population is divided into 2

groups namely the experimental and control groups.

The first group was the experimental group that was

given learning using audiovisual learning media

with the Powtoon application. The second group is

the control group which is a group given learning

with the lecture model using Point Power learning

media.

To measure how the effect of treatment on

learning motivation students will use a questionnaire

or questionnaire that will be given at the end of the

meeting. In addition, to measure the student's

learning style the questionnaire was also given at the

beginning of the meeting before applying the

treatment to the control and experiment classes. In

the student learning style questionnaire there are

three variables, namely, auditory learning style,

visual learning style and kinesthetic learning style.

However, due to the limited number of respondents,

the learning styles in this study are grouped into 2

variables, namely, visual learning styles and non-

visual learning styles. Non-visual learning styles

here consist of auditory learning styles and

kinesthetic learning styles. To determine which

students are in the learning style, is to look at the

highest questionnaire value on each variable.

4 RESULTS

The use of audiovisual learning media with the

Powtoon application on student learning motivation

was applied to the experimental class, namely class

XI Ak 1 of Muhammadiyah 3 Singosari Vocational

School. From the testing of normality and

homogeneity it is known that the questionnaire value

is normally distributed and homogeneous, so that in

this study hypothesis testing is done using the

Independent-Sample T-Test. The Independent-

Sample t-test was conducted to determine whether

there was an effect of student learning motivation

after receiving treatment in the form of the

application of audiovisual learning media with the

Powtoon application in the experimental class. The

results of hypothesis testing for student learning

motivation are presented in the following table 4.11.

Table 4.11: The Powtoon Learning Media Hypothesis Test

on Learning Motivation

Parameter t-test for Equality of

Means

Sig. (2-tailed)

Angket 0,000

From table 4.11, it can be seen that there

diverification motivation study between eksperiment

class and control class. This is indicated by a

IRCEB 2018 - 2nd INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE ON ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 2018

significance value or probability value of 0,000

<0,05 so that Ho is accepted. It can be concluded

that the use of audiovisual learning media with

Powtoon applications influences students' learning

motivation.

The use of audiovisual learning media with the

Powtoon application on student learning motivation

was applied to the experimental class, namely class

XI Ak 1 of Muhammadiyah 3 Singosari Vocational

School when viewed from the aspect of student

learning styles. From the testing of normality and

homogeneity it is known that the questionnaire value

is normally distributed and homogeneous, so that in

this study hypothesis testing is done using the

Independent-Sample T-Test. The Independent-

Sample t-test was conducted to determine whether

there were differences in learning motivation

between the aspects of student learning styles. The

results of hypothesis testing for learning style

questionnaires are presented in the following table.

a. visual learning style

Table 4.12 : Hypothesis Test of Differences in Motivation

from Aspects of Visual Learning Style

Parameter t-test for Equality of

Means

Sig. (2-tailed)

Angket 0,000

From table 4.12 it can be seen that there is an

influence of differences in student learning

motivation from aspects of visual learning styles.

This is indicated by a significance value or

probability value of 0,000 < 0,05 so that Ho is

rejected.

b. non-visual learning style

Table 4.13: Hypothesis Test for Differences in Motivation

from Aspects of Non-Visual Learning Styles

Parameter t-test for Equality of

Means

Sig. (2-tailed)

Angket 0,000

From table 4.13 above, it can be seen that there

are significant differences in student learning

motivation from aspects of non-visual learning

styles. This is indicated by a significance value or

probability value of 0,000 <0,05 so that Ho is

accepted. So, judging from the two tables above it

can be concluded that there is an influence of

differences in learning motivation when viewed

from the aspect of student learning styles.

5 DISCUSSION

5.1 The Influence of Audiovisual

Learning Media with Powtoon

Application to Students' Learning

Motivation

Motivation to learn in this study means the urge in a

person who moves and directs students' learning

behavior so that learning objectives can be achieved.

Based on statistical analysis for the value of student

learning motivation obtained a significance value of

0.000 <0.05. This shows that there is an influence of

audiovisual learning media with Powtoon

application to student learning motivation if

compared to Powerpoint learning media. Researcher

have found that the learning motivation of students

who are taught to use audiovisual learning media

with Powtoon applications and classes taught with

Powerpoint learning media both have an increase

but there are differences in results. This is indicated

by the average value of the final learning motivation

of both classes, that is, for the experimental class of

68,5 and for the control class of 52,8.

Differences in student learning motivation

between control class and experimental class are

seen during the learning process. In the experimental

class, using of audiovisual learning media with the

Powtoon application, the product is in the form of an

animated video, students are interested in following

the lesson and pay attention to what is presented in

the video and explanation from the teacher. Whereas

in the control class, using of Powerpoint media,

students still tend to be passive and less interested

because they only display slides that cause students

to get bored and less motivated in learning.

The results of this study are in line with Mc.

Donald (in Djamarah, 2001: 114) motivation is a

change in energy in a person that is characterized by

the emergence of affective (feeling) and reaction to

achieve goals. According to Suhana (2014: 24)

motivation consists of two types, namely a) Intrinsic

motivation, which is motivation that comes from

oneself without being stimulated or influenced from

the outside; b) extrinsic motivation, which is the

motivation that comes from external stimuli. One of

the stimuli in extrinsic motivation is use of

audiovisual learning media with the Powtoon

application. The application of this learning media,

students become more motivated in class learning.

With the motivation in students, will lead to

encouragement to learn and can affect improving

learning outcomes. So it can be concluded, the

The Inﬂuence of Audiovisual Learning Media with Powtoon Application to Students’ Learning Motivation in Accounting Lesson

results of this study support the theory of student

learning motivation. According to Dayton (in

Arsyad, 2011: 19) argues that, learning media has an

important correlation with stimuli to generate

motivation for interest or action, and stimulation of

learning activities.

5.2 The Influence of Differences in

Learning Motivation Viewed from

the Aspects of Student Learning

Style

Learning style in this study is defined as the typical

way students in learn, both related to the way of

receiving and processing information, attitudes

towards information and habits in learning activities.

Due to the limited number of respondents, the

learning style in this study was grouped into two

namely visual and non-visual learning styles. Non-

visual learning styles consist of auditory learning

styles and kinesthetic learning styles.

Based on the statistical results for visual and

non-visual learning styles, each obtained a

significance value of 0,000 < 0,05. This shows that

there are effects of differences in student learning

motivation seen from aspects of learning styles, both

visual learning styles and non-visual learning styles.

Researcher have found that visual and non-visual

learning styles in the experimental class both

experience increased learning motivation, but there

are differences in results. This is shown by the

average student's final motivation, namely 68,3

visual learning style and 50,1 non-visual learning

style.

Based on research in the field it can be seen that

differences in student learning styles, with the

application of audiovisual learning media Powtoon

affect student learning motivation. In students with

visual learning styles tend to be more highly

motivated, this can be seen when applied Powtoon

learning media, students focus more attention and

enthusiasm in learning in the classroom. Meanwhile,

students with non-visual learning styles tend to have

lower attention and interest.

The results of this study, in line with the opinion

of Nasution (2009: 94) states that learning style is a

consistent way by a student in capturing stimulus or

information, how to remember, think and solve

problems. According to Arsyad (2002: 8), teachers

try to display stimuli that can be processed with

various senses. Learning is done by giving a

stimulus in the form of audio visual learning media

with Powtoon application to students to generate the

desired response. Students show a different response

from one another, this difference is based on student

learning styles. The application of audio visual

learning media with the Powtoon application, causes

students' attention and interest to increase, students

also become more enthusiastic in doing classroom

learning, but there are differences between students

with visual and non-visual learning styles.

6 CONCLUSION

Starting from the findings of the study and

discussion, the results of the study conclusion as

follows: (1) There are differences in learning

motivation between students with use of audio visual

learning media with powtoon application and

students with the application of Powerpoint learning

media. This shows that the audiovisual learning

media with Powtoon application affects the learning

motivation of the 1st grade XI students of

Muhammadiyah Vocational School 3 Singosari.

This finding proves the argument of Hamalik and

Arsyad that the application of innovative learning

media can improve student learning motivation.

Increasing interest and students here will also have

an impact on learning objectives, namely in the form

of improving student learning outcomes. (2) There

are differences in learning motivation seen from

aspects of student learning styles, which consist of

visual and non-visual learning styles. This shows

that the difference in learning motivation is

influential when viewed from the aspect of student

learning styles. This finding proved the argument

from Gufron that various attempts to meet different

learning styles in the teaching and learning process,

such as using certain programs, more varied

classroom management methods conducted by

educators. The application of these methods and

media can increase students 'attention and interest

and make students' learning motivation increase.

7 SUGGESTIONS

Based on the above conclusions, the proposed

suggestions are formulated as follows. Teachers as

educators who have an important role in the learning

process are expected to be able to apply learning

media in accordance with the ability and differences

in student learning styles. Audiovisual learning

media with Powtoon application is expected to be an

alternative for teachers to support the learning

process. So that the learning process can be more

IRCEB 2018 - 2nd INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE ON ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 2018

effective and efficient in achieving learning goals.

For further research it is expected to be able to apply

audio-visual learning media with Powtoon

applications on other material, not only for count

material but also on conceptual material. In addition,

the next researcher is also expected to be able to

expand research on student learning styles, as

information for teachers about the importance of

diversity in ways of learning students, as well as

developing variables that have not been studied in

this study.

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The Inﬂuence of Audiovisual Learning Media with Powtoon Application to Students’ Learning Motivation in Accounting Lesson