The Influence of Organizational Commitment and Conflict

Resolution Skills on Safety Climate and Its Impact on Accidents with

Moderation of High-performance Work System in Steel

Manufacturing Industries in East Java Province

M. Yusuf Arnol, Ida Aju Brahmasari and Riyadi Nugroho

Department of Economic, 17 August 1945 Surabaya University, Simolowaru, Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords: The Organizational Commitment, Conflict Resolution Skills, Safety Climate, Accidents, High-performance

Work System.

Abstract: This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of organizational commitment and conflict resolution

skills on safety climate and its impact on accidents with moderation of high-performance works system in

steel manufacturing industries in East Java Province. Data were collected from 115 production division

employees of steel manufacturing industries in East Java Province. Structural Equation Modelling was used

to analyze the data using AMOS 20.0 software. The results of this study indicate that: organizational

commitment and conflict resolution skills have a positive and significant influence on safety climate; safety

climate has positive and significant influence on accidents; and high-performing work system significantly

moderating the influence of safety climate on accidents in steel manufacturing industries in East Java

province.

1 INTRODUCTION

Data from the Indonesian Institution of Social

Security Employment or Badan Penyelenggara

Jaminan Sosial Ketenagakerjaan (BPJS

Ketenagakerjaan) of East Java province showed that

until July 2016, there were 1,390 work accidents that

occurred. There were 11 work accidents arise causing

21 deaths, every day. This means that every working

day one worker dies during working hours, in various

sectors, including manufacturing industry. Every

worker, especially in the production division may be

affected directly or indirectly by his or her activities

in the workplace, which means that it is urgently

needed to involve health and safety protection.

(Umeokafor et al., 2014).

The primary cause of any accident occurring in

the steel manufacturing industry in East Java province

is human error, lack of organizational commitment of

an individual or group and the structure in the

company in carrying out the efforts to prevent any

accidents from occurring. The skills in resolving

conflicts are important so that all Occupational Health

and Safety (OHS) programs can be implemented.

Mc Collum (2009) explains that conflict is a fact

of life, and there is no way we can avoid it. Conflict

can be avoided if the same perception of a group has

formed in a working climate, in particular, to build

and strengthen the safety climate.

The goal of OHS programs, in general, is to

prevent injuries and reduce accidents which will be

easily achieved by applying high-performance work

systems (HWPS). HWPS manages human resources

as a competitive advantage so that other people or

organizations find it difficult to imitate because every

employee is motivated and directed continuously to

innovate and advance himself in completing his

duties.

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Organizational Commitment

The Commitment is a relative strength of the

individual in identifying his involvement into a part;

it is characterized by 3 things, namely: (1)

Acceptance of values and objectives, (2) readiness

and willingness to earnesty, and (3) The desire to

130

Arnol, M., Brahmasari, I. and Nugroho, R.

The Inﬂuence of Organizational Commitment and Conﬂict Resolution Skills on Safety Climate and Its Impact on Accidents with Moderation of High-performance Work System in Steel

Manufacturing Industries in East Java Province.

DOI: 10.5220/0008489301300133

In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Entrepreneurship and Business Management (ICEBM Untar 2018), pages 130-133

ISBN: 978-989-758-363-6

maintain membership within the organization (Porter

et al., 1982).

Meyer and Allen (1990) formulated a definition

of commitment in organizing as a psychological

construct that characterizes the relationship of

members of the organization to its organization and

has implications for the individual's decision to

continue his membership in the organization. Based

on this definition, members who are committed to

their organization will be more able to survive as part

of the organization than members who are not

committed to the organization.

Sopiah (2008) develops a scale called Self Report

Scales to measure employee commitment to the

organization, which is an elaboration of 3 aspects; (a)

Acceptance of organizational goals, (b) The desire to

work hard, and (c) The desire to survive belonging to

the organization.

2.2 Conflict Resolution Skills

Conflict can be explained as a process of interaction

that occurs due to the difference between two

opinions or point of view of the parties involved

having either a positive influence or a negative

influence (Robbins, 2004).

Conflicts can appear because there are conditions

that are underlying or preceding. The condition can

also be called the source of the conflict, which

consists of three factors, namely: (1) Communication

factors, (2) Structural factors, (3) Personal factors.

Conflict resolution skills play a constructive role in

the development of new ideas and practices that

finally create new opportunities for organizations to

grow (Damanpour, 1991).

2.3 Safety Climate

Safety climate is an adherence and individual

participation in safety maintenance activities in the

workplace (Griffin and Neal, 2000). In measuring the

safety climate, there are factors that consist of five

systems, including (1) Management value, 2) Safety

communication, (3) Safety practices, (4) Safety

training, and (5) Safety equipment (Neal and Griffin,

2004).

2.4 Safety Accidents

Accidents are unexpected and undesirable incidents

that disrupt the process of an organized activity

(Santoso, 2004). Accidents do not happen

accidentally, but there is a reason.

Accidents can be prevented and similar accidents

do not recur again, as such, it is worth investigating

and finding the cause of the accident, in order to take

further corrective action aimed at the cause and

conduct preventive efforts (Suma'ur, 2009).

Occupational accident prevention is aimed at: (1)

Work environment, (2) Machinery and work

equipment, (3) Work equipment tools, (4) Human

factors (Suma'mur, 2009).

2.5 High-performance Work System

Dharma and Sunatrio (2002) explained that the High-

Performance Work System (HPWS) Measurement

puts the foundation for building human resources into

strategic assets by maximizing employee

performance. The performance of each element of the

human resource system should be included in the

collection of indications of each measurement of the

human resources system.

3 RESEARCH METHOD

This research is a survey research. Kerlinger (2004)

explains that survey research is research conducted on

large and small populations, but the data studied is

data from the samples taken from the population. As

such, findings involve the relative incident,

distributions, and relationships between sociological

and psychological variables.

Population in this research is all employees of

production division from steel company which

amounted to 162 employees. The number of samples

used is as much as 115 respondents obtained from the

Slovin formula. This research used proportional

random sampling method from steel manufacturing

employees.

Data analysis techniques in this research used

analytical methods that can provide a simultaneous

analysis process associated with multi-variant

research model, namely Structural Equation

Modelling (SEM) using AMOS 20.0 software.

According to Ferdinand (2006: 6), SEM is a set of

statistical techniques that enable the testing of a

relatively complicated set of relationships

simultaneously. The conceptual framework of

research can be seen in Figure 1.

The Inﬂuence of Organizational Commitment and Conﬂict Resolution Skills on Safety Climate and Its Impact on Accidents with

Moderation of High-performance Work System in Steel Manufacturing Industries in East Java Province

131

Figure 1: Conceptual Frame of Works.

Table 1: Construct Reliability Research Variables.

Variables Indicator

Factor Loading

(FL)

Error

(1-FL

)

Construct

eliability

Organizational Commitment

(X1)

X1.1 0,751 0,564 0,436

0,828

X1.2 0,860 0,740 0,260

X1.3 0,741 0,549 0,451

Conflict Resolution Skills (X2)

X2.1 0,722 0,521 0,479

0,795

X2.2 0,653 0,426 0,574

X2.3 0,697 0,486 0,514

X2.4 0,734 0,539 0,461

Safety Climate (Y1)

Y1.1 0,639 0,408 0,592

0,820

Y1.2 0,823 0,677 0,323

Y1.3 0,745 0,555 0,445

Y1.4 0,707 0,500 0,500

Accidents (Y2)

Y3.1 0,827 0,684 0,316

0,882

Y3.2 0,842 0,709 0,291

Y3.3 0,796 0,634 0,366

Y3.4 0,764 0,584 0,416

High-Performance Work

System (Z)

Z.1 0,813 0,661 0,339

0,808

Z.2 0,870 0,757 0,243

Z.3 0,593 0,352 0,648

Table 2: Hypothesis Testing Through Regression Weight Test.

Relation of causality Koef. C.R.

alue

Organizational Commitment (X

)



Safety Climate (Y

) 0,320 3,364 0,000

Conflict Resolution Skills (X

)



Safety Climate (Y

) 0,373 3,710 0,000

Safety Climate (Y

)



Accidents (Y

) 0,260 3,614 0,000

Table 3: Moderation Influence Testing.

Relation of causality Standardized Estimate

Critical Ratio

(C.R.)

P-value

(P)

Safety Climate * HPWS

* Z)



Accidents (Y

) 0,473 2,088 0,043

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

In SEM, model reliability is checked using construct

reliability. A model is said to be reliable when the

construct reliability value of each variable/construct

is greater than 0.70 (Solimun, 2002).

The results of the construct reliability test on the

research variables can be seen in Table 1, where it

shows that all research variables have construct

reliability values greater than 0.70, so it is

concluded that these variables are reliable in

formulating the models developed in this research.

Based on Table 2, it can be explained that the

result of regression weight test has CR value greater

than 1,96 and a p-value of less than 5%, so H

, H

, is positive and significant.

Commitment

organizational(X1)

H1

H2

Conflic

Safety climate (Y1)

High‐perfomancework

system(Z)

Accidents(Y2)

ICEBM Untar 2018 - International Conference on Entrepreneurship and Business Management (ICEBM) Untar

132

The influence testing of moderation on SEM is

done through two stages. The first stage is

calculating SEM model of the exogenous variable

safety climate and moderating variable high-

performance work system to accidents. The results

of influence testing of moderating are presented in

table 3.

Based on table 3, CR value is greater than 1.96

and p-value is less than 5%, and therefore, it can be

explained that H

is a significant moderating

variable.

5 CONCLUSION

The results of this research can be concluded:

(1) Organizational commitment has a positive and

significant influence on safety climate in steel

manufacturing industries in East Java province; (2)

Conflict resolution skills has a positive and significant

influence on safety climate in steel manufacturing

industries in East Java province; (3) The safety climate

has positive and significant influence on accidents in steel

manufacturing industries in East Java province; (4) High-

performance work system as a moderating variable has

positive and significant influence on safety climate

towards accidents in steel manufacturing industries in

East Java province.

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The Inﬂuence of Organizational Commitment and Conﬂict Resolution Skills on Safety Climate and Its Impact on Accidents with

Moderation of High-performance Work System in Steel Manufacturing Industries in East Java Province

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