Adolescent Dating Behaviour in Senior Hight School

Irwina Angelia Silvanasari

, Florentina Sustini

and Eka Mishbahatul Mar’ah Has

Faculty of Nursing Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia

Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords: Dating Behaviour, Sexual Behaviour, Adolescent

Abstract: Sexual behaviour is one of risk behaviour in adolescent. Sexual behaviour related to dating behaviour. The

study aims to describe adolescent dating behaviour in Senior High School. This study was a descriptive

research with cross sectional approach. As many as 150 respondents taken with simple random sampling. The

variable was adolescent dating behaviour. Data collection using questionnaires. This study showed that

average adolescent’s age was 16.05 years, average father’s age was 47.72 years, average mother’s age was

43.91 years, the average length of meeting when dating was 2.63 hours, most of the respondents (62%) were

female, most of father jobs (55.3%) were employees and entrepreneurs, most mothers (59.3%) were

unemployed, most of father education (49.3%) and mother education (52.7%) was senior high school, and the

intensity of dating was less than 1 times/week (46%). Adolescent dating behavior was almost evenly

distributed, in the category of risk (49.3%) and not at risk (50.7%). Adolescent dating behaviour in not at risk

category showed that there was a healthy relationship between adolescent with girlfriend or boyfriend. Risky

adolescent dating behaviour indicated that unhealthy relationship between adolescent with girlfriend or

boyfriend. School nurses should be able to give reproductive health education to adolescents.

1 BACKGROUND

Sexual behaviour is one of the risky behaviour

towards adolescent health (Kipping et al., 2012).

Adolescent sexual behaviour is closely related to

adolescent dating behaviour. Sexual experience often

occurs when adolescent are dating (BPS et al., 2013).

Indrayani (2016) explained that dating behaviour is

adolescent activity behaviour characterized by

uncertainty, interest, commitment, and ends with a

stage of intimacy. Dating behaviour is also

characterized by the introduction of deficiencies and

advantages of each individual.

The result of Indonesian Demographic and Health

Survey 2012 show that 10 percent of adolescents have

became mothers, 7 percent of adolescents had given

birth, and 3 percent are expecting their first child

(BPS et al., 2013). East Java province ranked third

according to the prevalence of adolescent woman

marriage, after Bangka Belitung islands and South

Kalimantan. The prevalence of adolescent woman

marriage who got married at the age of 15-19 years in

East Java Province in 2012 wa 16.7. The number of

adolescent women ever marrying were 236.404

persons in East Java Province. Jember Regency is a

regency located in East Java Province. Jember

Regency has 25 % adolescent woman marriage based

on the population census in 2010 (BPS, 2016).

Viejo, Ortega Ruiz and Sánchez (2015) explain

that adolescents with excellent relationship quality

have high levels of psychological adjustment. Carter

and Williams (2016) explain that late childhood

puberty in adolescent girls has a relevant relationship

with dating behavior.

Preliminary study in 10 adolescents getting results

that 70% (7 persons) had a girlfriend or boyfriend or

close friends and 30% (3 persons) had been dating

before. As many as 40% (4 persons) said began dating

before the age of 15 years. The results of interviews

with the teacher get the data that there was an

adolescent who was dating in the school environment,

such as sitting together and holding each other during

break time of school. The study aims to describe

adolescent dating behaviour in Senior High School.

2 METHODS

The design of this research was quantitative

descriptive with cross sectional approach. The study

Silvanasari, I., Sustini, F. and Has, E.

Adolescent Dating Behaviour in Senior Hight School.

DOI: 10.5220/0008323702690273

In Proceedings of the 9th International Nursing Conference (INC 2018), pages 269-273

ISBN: 978-989-758-336-0

269

took place in X Senior High School in Jember. The

population of the research was the entire students of

class X and XI in Jember X Senior High School as

many as 612 persons. As many as 150 respondents

taken with simple random sampling. Inclusion criteria

in this study was adolescents who had girlfriend or

boyfriend or close friend or had been dating before,

staying with parents, and willing to be research

respondents. Exclusion criteria was adolescents who

were not present at the time of this study due to

permissions, absent, or sick. The variable was

adolescent dating behaviour. Data collection using

adolescent dating behaviour questionnaires including

knowledge, attitude, and practice) which have done

validity and reliability test (value of corrected item

todal correlation > r table (0.632), cronbach alpha of

knowledge = 0.781, cronbach alpha of attitude =

0.984, and cronbach alpha of practice = 0.885). The

data analyzed descriptively. Categorical data was

presented in the form of frequency and proportion

distribution. Numerical data was presented as a

measure of centralization and size of deployment.

3 RESULTS

Table 1 describes description adolescent’s age,

father’s age, mother’s age, and meeting time were

presented as a measure of centralization and size of

deployment. Table 2 describe gender, father’s job,

mother’s job, father’s education, mother’s education,

dating intensity, and adolescent dating behaviour

were presented in the form of frequency and

proportion distribution.

Table 1: Description of adolescent’s age, father’s age,

mother’s age, and, and meeting time.

Characteristics of

respondents

Mean

Minimum -

maximum

Adolescent’s age

16.05

0.683

14-17

Father’s age

47.72

5.642

35-65

Mother’s age

43.91

5.555

34-64

Meeting time

2.63

1.830

1-9

Table 1 showed that average age of adolescent is

16.05 years with minimum age 14 years and

maximum age 17 years. Average age of father was

47.72 years with minimum age 35 years and

maximum age 65 years. Average age of mother was

43.91 years with minimum age 34 years and

maximum age 64 years. Average meeting time with

girlfriend or boyfriend was 2.63 hours/meeting with

minimum meeting time 1 hour/meeting and

maximum meeting time 9 hours/meeting.

Table 2: Description of gender, father’s job,

mother’s job, father’s education, mother’s education, dating

intensity.

Characteristics of

respondents

Frequency

Percentage

(%)

Gender

Male

Female

38.0

62.0

Father’s job

Government employee

Employee/entrepreneur

Farmer

Trader

Not working

Others

25.3

55.3

0.7

8.0

0.7

10.0

Mother’s job

Government employee

Employee/entrepreneur

Farmer

Factory worker

Trader

Not working

Others

12.0

15.3

0.7

6.7

59.3

5.3

Father’s education

Elementary school

Junior high school

Senior high school

College

2.0

4.7

49.3

44.0

Mother’s education

Elementary school

Junior high school

Senior high school

College

4.0

6.0

52.7

37.3

Dating intensity

< 1 time/week

1-3 times/week

> 3 times/week

46.0

28.0

26.0

Adolescent dating

behaviour

At Risk

Not at risk

49.3

50.7

Total

150

100.0

Table 2 showed that most of adolescent was

female as many as 93 people (62%). Most of father’s

job was employees or enterpreneur as many as 83

people (55.3%). Adolescent’s mother did not work

(housewives) as many as 89 people (59.3%). Most of

father’s education was senior high school as many as

74 people (49.3%). Most of mother’s education was

senior high school as many as 79 people (52.7%).

Dating intensity less than 1 time/week as many as 69

people (46%). Adolescent dating behaviour in Jember

X Senior High School almost evenly both in category

at risk or not at risk.

INC 2018 - The 9th International Nursing Conference: Nurses at The Forefront Transforming Care, Science and Research

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4 DISCUSSION

Research results get the data that average age of

adolescent is 16.05 years. Adolescent at this age is

included in the beginning of the end of adolescence

(16-19 years). The end of adolescence have

characteristics i.e adolescent begin to reveal

themselves freedom, selective in looking for peers,

can realize the existence of feelings of love, and have

the ability to think tall tales (Widyastuti et al, 2009).

The increasing age of individuals can increase

premarital sex behaviour (Hidayah and Maryatun,

2013).

Research results get the findings that average

father’s age is 47.72 years and average mother’s age

is 43.91 years. It shows that most of fathers were in

the early elderly (46-55 years) and most of mothers

were in late adulthood (36-45 years). The task of

family development with adolescent include

providing balanced freedom with responsibility in

adolescent, maintaining the intimacy of the

relationship with family, maintaining open

communication between adolescent and parents, and

the change of roles and rules for family development

(Friedman, 2010).

Research results also get the data that most of

adolescent (62%) is female. This findings is

consistent with Hidayah and Maryatun (2013) that

most female do premarital sexual behaviour.

Different things obtained from Susanti (2012) that

men have a chance of 2.97 times to do sexual

behaviour than women. Sexual fantasies and erotis is

showed by male than female in adolescence. That is

because teen women tend to consider a shame

(Sarwono, 2010). The difference of this research

results with previous research can be caused the

distribution of proportion of respondents between

men and women is not the same in this study.

The findings also found that most of father’s job

were employees or entrepreneurs as many as 83

people (55.3%). Most of mother was not working

(housewives) as many as 59.3%. Researchers

analyzed that housewives would certainly be more at

home and interact with children than working fathers.

Wisnieski, Sieving and Garwick (2015) also

explained that parents have an important role in

minimizing the risk of teenage pregnancy and sexual

transmitted infections in their children include

adolescent. Mother is the main source of reproductive

education. Father is a valuable guidance even though

he is not the first source information. Parental

monitoring serves as a protective factor in reducing

risky sexual behaviour during adolescence (Landry et

al., 2017).

Research results get the findings that most of

father’s education is senior high school as many as 74

people (49.3%). Most of mother’s education is senior

high school as many as 79 people (52.7%). It showed

that mos of parents have a high level of education.

Researchers analyze that high education of parents

will certainly facilitate parents in communicating and

providing information needed by adolescent. Parents

have an important role in providing education and

monitoring adolescent sexual behaviour

(Murdiningsih, Rosnani and Arifin, 2016).

Research results get the findings that dating

intensity is less than 1 time/week with average length

of meeting is 2.63 hours/meeting. Adolescent explain

that they don’t meet with their girlfriend or boyfriend

everyweek. Researchers anaylize that it is because

full day learning process in their senior high school

allows adolescent experiencing fatigue and chose to

rest at home after school. Adolescents may also spend

their weekend with their family, remember all of

adolescent in this study live with their parents.

Research results get the data that adolescent

dating behaviour is almost evenly distributed, in the

category of risk and not at risk. Collins et al (2009,

dalam Rice, McGill and Adler-Baeder, 2017)

explained that romantic relationship is considered

part of ordinary adolescent development.

Relationship in adolescence is important for the

development of identity, relationships with peers, and

sexuality.

Adolescent dating behaviour in not at risk

category showed that there is a healthy relationship

between adolescent with girlfriend or boyfriend.

Irianto (2014) explains healthy relationship will

provide comfort, openness, and sense of mutual

understanding in terms of psychological. Healthy

relationship, from a social point of view, indicate no

binding or spousal isolation. The social relationships

of each individual remain well preserved even though

the two adolescents are commited to dating

commitments. Healthy relationship, viewed sexually,

indicate that there is no physical relationship that is

contrary to social values and norms and leads to

deviation of dating behaviour in adolescents.

Adolescent dating behaviour in at risk category

indicates that unhealthy relationship between

adolescent with girlfriend or boyfriend. It is

commonly associated with behavioural violations of

social norms including kissing, necking, petting, and

intercourse. Unhealthy dating condition can lead the

emergence of the risk of pregnancy in adolescents

(Irianto, 2014).

Kiswati (2011) explains that behavioural

deviation in adolescence can be caused by mass

media and internet usage, lack of knowledge about

reproduction health, lack of information from

families especially parents and school to equip

Adolescent Dating Behaviour in Senior Hight School

271

adolescents with knowledge of reproductive health.

Alfiani (2013) explains that determinants factor of

adolescent sexual behaviour is media and television.

Tukiran, Pitoyo and Kutanegara (2010) also explains

that adolescents are easy to get pornographic content

from magazines, television, and internet.

Saputri (2017) also explains that factors related to

adolescent dating behaviour are religiosity, parent

role, and peer role. Adolescent with low religiosity

have a greater chance to have deviant behaviour. The

quality of communication between parents and

children can prevent adolescent from deviant

behaviour, such as premarital sexual behaviour.

Discussion, sharing, and problem solving together

will make relationship and communication between

parents and children become more intensive.

Adolescent with negative peer roles tend to have risky

dating behaviour compared to adolescent with positif

peer roles.

Risky dating behaviour in adolescent can

basically be minimized by considering various factors

related to adolescent dating behaviour including

parents role, peers role, role of school, religiosity,

mass media, and internet. School and parents can

provide an understanding of reproductive health, the

impact of deviation of sexual behaviour with the

inclusion of social and religious norms in adolescent.

Parents can also maximize their role in providing

freedom with equal responsibility in adolescent.

Parents should provide information to choose good

and positive peers for the future of adolescent. Parents

and school can also provide knowledge related to

wise media and internet usage to adolescent. School

nurses should also be able to maximize their role in

providing reproductive health education to adolescent

in school.

5 CONCLUSIONS

Adolescent dating behaviour was almost evenly

distributed, in the category of risk and not at risk.

Adolescent dating behaviour in not at risk category

showed that there is a healthy relationship between

adolescent with girlfriend or boyfriend. Adolescent

dating behaviour in at risk category indicates that

unhealthy relationship between adolescent with

girlfriend or boyfriend. It is commonly associated

with behavioural violations of social norms including

kissing, necking, petting, and intercourse. School

nurses should also be able to maximize their role in

providing reproductive health education to adolescent

in school.

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