The Effect of Simulation Method for Flood Disaster Preparedness

towards Nursing Students of Faculty of Health Sciences Unipdu,

Jombang, East Java, Indonesia

Sufendi Hariyanto

, Kurniawati

and Christrijogo Sumartono Waloejo

Postgraduade School, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul Ulum Jombang, Jombang, Indonesia

Keywords: Flood Disaster, Nursing Student, Simulation Method, Student Preparedness

Abstract: Indonesia has a high risk of natural disasters. The geological condition makes a natural surface of mountains

and valleys that induced potential for flood disaster. Flood is one of the most frequent natural disasters.

Preparedness behavior is one way to reduce disaster risk. Nursing students as nurse candidates have an

important role in disaster management. In the learning process required a right method for students to

understand and ready to face of disaster. One of the learning methods that can be given is a simulation

method. The simulation method used to improve student preparedness in facing disaster. The purpose of this

study is to analyze an effect of simulation method for flood disaster preparedness on nursing students,

Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pesantren Tinggi, Darul Ulum. This study was pre-experimental

research with one group pre-post test design approach. The population was all of Nursing Students, in 8

semesters. Sampling technique used Probability Sampling (systematic simple random sampling). Data

collection was conducted by giving questionnaire before and after an intervention. The analysis used

Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test with significance level ρ <0.05. The result of Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test

statistic test obtained ρ = 0,000 which means there was an effect of simulation method of flood disaster

preparedness towards nursing students.Disaster preparedness level of nursing students increased after

simulation of a flood disaster. The results of this study explain importance of applying simulation learning

method which involves three aspects, namely knowledge, skill, and attitude, especially with roleplay like in

a real situation.

1 INTRODUCTION

Indonesia has a high risk of natural disasters. This is

due to many things, ranging from natural conditions

to human error itself. Geologically, climatologically,

and geographically, the territory of Indonesia is

vulnerable to disaster. The rain with high intensity

and in long-term, supported by a slope of the hill,

and limited land cover caused soil movements.

The geological order in Indonesia that makes

natural surface of Indonesia mountainous and lavish

with various rivers cause the potential of flood,

landslide, and erosion. Flood is one of the most

frequent natural disasters (60%) occurring in

Indonesia (Hadisusanto, 2011). In addition, flood

became a problem and developed into a disaster

when the flood disrupted human activities and even

brought casualties and property (Sobirin, 2009).

The National Agency for Disaster Management

(BNPB) noted that until October 2016, there were

639 times of floods that caused the loss of lives and

economic losses. The death toll consisted of deaths

and disappeared 134 people, wounded 104 people

and the number of refugees 2,210,114 people. While

the economic losses include damaged houses

(heavily damaged (2,071 units), moderate damage

(1,018 units), minor damage (5,242 units),

submerged (214,079 units), 16 health facilities, 119

facilities of compass facility and 277 (BNPB, 2016).

The nursing profession is flexible and covers all

the conditions, where the nurse is not only limited to

provision of care in hospital but also is required to

work in the alert condition of disaster response. The

situation of handling between alert and normal

circumstances is very different, so nurses must be

capable of skill and technique in the face of such

conditions. Medical care and care activities in a state

422

Hariyanto, S., Kurniawati, . and Waloejo, C.

The Effect of Simulation Method for Flood Disaster Preparedness towards Nursing Students Faculty of Health Sciences Unipdu, Jombang, East Java, Indonesia.

DOI: 10.5220/0007544204220425

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Postgraduate School (ICPS 2018), pages 422-425

ISBN: 978-989-758-348-3

of disaster preparedness can be performed by

nursing procedures. The knowledge and abilities of a

nurse can perform disaster relief in various forms.

Nursing students as nurse candidates have an

important role in disaster management. Preparedness

behavior is one way to reduce disaster risk. Critical

Nursing 2 is one of the 8th semester courses in the

curriculum of the nursing science program, that

discusses the management and disaster

preparedness. In the learning process required a right

method for students to understand and ready to face

of disaster. One of the learning methods that can be

given is a simulation method. According to Nana

Sudjana (2000), simulation is a method of teaching

to explain something through deeds or behavioral

process that is done as if in real circumstances. The

simulation method used to improve student

preparedness in facing disaster. Based on that

literacy, the purpose of this study to analyze an

effect of simulation method for flood disaster

preparedness on nursing students, Faculty of Health

Sciences, Universitas Pesantren Tinggi, Darul Ulum.

2 METHOD

This study was pre-experimental research with one

group pre-post test design approach. Population in

this research was all students of nursing in eight

academic semester, Faculty of Health Sciences,

Universitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul Ulum, Jombang.

Sampling technique used Probability Sampling

(systematic simple random sampling). Total

sampling of 42 respondents, data collection was

conducted by giving questionnaire before and after

an intervention.

Independent variable of this research was

simulation method for flood disaster. Dependent

variable was disaster preparedness level of students.

The data collection stage about disaster preparedness

level before flood disaster simulation method

through questioner then simulated as intervention,

then given questionnaire to evaluate disaster

preparedness level of student in facing flood

disaster. After that, analyze the results of

questionnaire before and after an intervention of

flood disaster simulation method to disaster

preparedness level of students. The analysis used

Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test with significance level ρ

= 0.05 if the result obtained ρ <0,05 then Ho rejected

mean there were an effect of a flood disaster

simulation method to disaster preparedness level.

3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Result and discussion about the effect of simulation

method for flood disaster preparedness towards

nursing students

3.1 Result

3.1.1 Preparedness Levels Before Simulation

Table 1: Preparedness Level Frequency Percentage

Preparedness

Level Frequenc

Frequenc

Percentage

Goo

4 9,50%

Moderate 17 40,50%

Less 21 50%

Total 42 100 %

Based on the table 1 that disaster preparedness level

of students before simulation, half of 21 (50%)

respondents have a low level of preparedness.

3.1.2 Level of Preparedness After

Simulation

Table 2: Preparedness Level Frequency Percentage

Preparedness

Level

Frequenc

Percentage

Goo

25 59,50%

Moderate 15 35,70%

Less 2 4,80%

Total 42 100 %

Based on the table 2 that disaster preparedness level

of students after simulation, majority 25 (59.50%)

respondents have a good level of preparedness.

3.1.3 The Effect of Simulation Method for

Flood Disaster Preparedness Towards

Nursing Students

Based on Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test results

obtained ρ = 0.000 which means there was an effect

of a flood disaster simulation method to the level of

preparedness.

The Effect of Simulation Method for Flood Disaster Preparedness towards Nursing Students Faculty of Health Sciences Unipdu, Jombang,

East Java, Indonesia

423

3.2 Discussion

Based on the results, there were differences in the

level of preparedness in facing floods with a

significance value of ρ = 0,000. The average value

before the simulation is 64.52 and after the

simulation is 78.45

Nursing Program is a professional academic

education with a learning process that emphasizes

the growth and ability of students to become an

academician and professional. The cornerstone of

this growing ability is an educational concept

framework that includes the philosophy of nursing

as a profession, and nursing as a form of

professional service that could affect the curriculum

content and the main approach in the learning

process. During education process is pursued

through academic and professional stages. The

number of semesters in the academic phase of eight

semesters and two semesters in the profession stage.

There are several courses in the academic stage as

the institution's founding courses. One of the courses

is a critical course 2. Critical course 2 is taken in the

eighth semester.

According to Pupuh (2011) for teaching and

learning process can be done well and achieve the

target, then one important factor that must be

considered is to determine the appropriate method of

learning.

Learning strategy is a common pattern to realize

the learning process that is believed to effectiveness

to achieve learning objectives. In the application of

learning strategies educators need to choose,

appropriate learning models, appropriate learning

methods and learning techniques that support the

implementation of learning methods. To determine

the right learning strategy, educators consider the

goals, characteristics of learners, subject matter and

so that the learning strategy can work optimally.

The learning method in critical 2 includes lecture

method, discussion and simulation method. The

simulation method is applied in an effort to improve

student preparedness in facing disaster. Simulation

techniques are used in all teaching systems,

especially in instructional design that is oriented

toward behavioral goals. Skills exercises require

practice in real life situations (in certain

occupations), or in simulated situations that contain

the characteristics of real life situations. The

exercises in the form of simulations basically

practice doing the tasks that will be faced in

everyday life. Simulation techniques are used in four

skill categories, namely cognitive, psychomotor,

reactive, and interactive. Such skills are needed to

develop more complex productive skills (Hamalik,

2008: 196). Student simulation method is taught

about skill in facing flood disaster.

According to Nurjannah in Ristyani (2016),

things that can be done to improve preparedness in

the face of disasters include training on how to save

yourself and others, coordination between

stakeholders, prepare emergency equipment, how to

give first aid to the injured, and efforts made to

recover quickly.

Preparedness for flooding is an activity

undertaken in order to anticipate floods so that

actions taken during and after floods are carried out

appropriately and effectively by experts and

personnel or field workers. Required experts are

qualified experts in their field, one of whom is a

nurse (Colombo, 2012). According to LIPI-

UNESCO / ISDR (2006), there are 5 critical factors

of preparedness to anticipate natural disasters such

as flood disaster, knowledge and attitude toward

disaster risk, policies and guidance, plans for

disaster emergencies, disaster warning systems and

the ability to mobilize resources power. Flood

disaster simulation method applied to students and

done in a flood-prone area. Students are faced in the

real condition of the area at risk of a flood disaster.

The level of student preparedness increases after the

simulation method. Armed with knowledge and

abilities, a nurse can perform disaster relief in

various forms.

4 CONCLUSIONS

Disaster preparedness level of nursing students

increased after simulation of a flood disaster. The

results of this study explain the importance of

applying simulation learning method which involves

three aspects, namely knowledge, skill, and attitude,

especially with roleplay like in a real situation.

Nurses are considered as one of the health

professions to be prepared to deal with and deal with

natural disasters. In preparing for nurse preparedness

must be started since the stage of academic and

professional education. Thus, the selection of

appropriate learning methods can prepare students as

prospective professional nurses who are ready to

face disaster.

ICPS 2018 - 2nd International Conference Postgraduate School

424

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The Effect of Simulation Method for Flood Disaster Preparedness towards Nursing Students Faculty of Health Sciences Unipdu, Jombang,

East Java, Indonesia

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