Design and Research of Reconfigurable CNC System
Yan Zhi
1
and Jian Xu
2
1
Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004;
2
Guilin medical college, Guilin 541004
Keywords: Reconfigurable, CNC system, ARM + FPGA, equipment manufacturing industry.
Abstract: In the field of modern manufacturing, the extensive application of CNC system has greatly promoted the
progress of manufacturing technology. With the continuous improvement of market demand and the
development of related support technologies, CNC system is experiencing a technological change characterized
by the combination of openness and function, which will inevitably lead to the changeable development of
system architecture and control strategy. This article based on ARM + FPGA design reconfigurable CNC system
with integrated openness, improve the intelligent equipment manufacturing industry, can be applied to a variety
of industrial areas.
1 INTRODUCTION
China's economy is in the process of transformation
and upgrading. Equipment manufacturing industry is
a pillar industry of the national economy. Its level of
development determines the industrial height of a
country. In the field of modern industry, CNC
technology and CNC equipment are the core
components in the equipment manufacturing
industry. The CNC system is the key link. It
combines a variety of technologies such as computer
technology, network technology, automatic control
technology and information processing technology
to promote Manufacturing to achieve high precision
and efficient processing operations. The traditional
CNC system belongs to a closed dedicated system.
Nowadays, with the development of the equipment
manufacturing industry toward an open generic type,
it is necessary for us to propose a reconfigurable
CNC system to match different industrial
manufacturing needs (Wang Tianmiao, 2006).
2 CNC SYSTEM OVERVIEW
CNC system is the core control part of CNC
equipment. With the improvement of user's
requirements on accuracy and efficiency of CNC
system, we must constantly improve the software
system, hardware system and communication
system of CNC system to meet the needs of
customers. The processing accuracy and speed
requirements increase, CNC system control
algorithm also will be complicated, which requires
CNC system hardware and software platforms and
communication systems must improve performance,
improve the system of real-time, accuracy, safety,
Great. At the same time, out of the perspective of
national security, CNC hardware and software
platform must be gradually achieved localization
(WANG Rong, 2009; QIU Ruu-sheu, 2006).
Based on the requirement of openness and
integration of CNC system, a new reconfigurable
CNC system is proposed and a modular
reconfigurable CNC system based on embedded
system platform is designed. The embedded CNC
system uses embedded Hardware and open source
operating system, the system has the advantages of
low cost, easy development, compact structure, and
high reliability. In the process of using the system
can be static or dynamic reconfiguration, the use of
software multiplexing technology, without the need
to re-design the hardware to shorten the enterprise
secondary development time and provide production
efficiency.
3 SYSTEM DESIGN
The reconfigurable CNC system designed in this
paper uses ARM + FPGA as the control hardware
platform, transplants the open source real-time
operating system μC / OS_Ⅱ, builds a stable
software platform for the whole system, develops
Zhi, Y. and Xu, J.
Design and Research of Reconfigurable CNC System.
In 3rd International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation (ICECTT 2018), pages 577-579
ISBN: 978-989-758-312-4
Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
577

the application software required by the CNC
system, designs the motion control Algorithm,
FPGA-based genetic algorithm to improve the PID
module, design a real-time, high reliability
reconfigurable embedded CNC system.
3.1 Hardware System Design
Build high-performance embedded hardware
development platform with ARM + FPGA as the
core; the designed CNC system adopts high
performance and low power 32-bit embedded ARM
processor and high-speed large-capacity FPGA as
hardware core
(Cai ruilong, 2016; YUE Feng, 2016);
ARM is a high performance, Low-power
microprocessors. With small size, low power
consumption, low cost, high performance; using
ARM (LPC2214) development of embedded CNC
system can reduce hardware costs and improve
system integration and enhance stability. FPGA
selection EP2C5T144C8, can be flexible to achieve
control functions, when you need to modify the
FPGA function, just overwrite the EPROM can be.
In this way, use the same piece of FPGA with
different programming data, can produce different
circuit functions. Therefore, the use of FPGA is very
flexible, using FPGA can achieve I / 0 processing,
counting, pulse generation, logic operations and
other functions, can greatly simplify the design of
embedded systems. The biggest advantage of an
FPGA is the online configurability of its internal
logic. Based on this, choose to use ARM + FPGA as
the control core to build embedded reconfigurable
CNC system hardware development platform;
design system is small, high performance, low
power consumption, high reliability (LI Ming-Shi,
2017).
Reasonable selection and design of peripheral
circuits of ARM and FPGA. Different control
modules of different types adopt the same software
design framework to realize the technical realization
of specific control modules, so as to reduce the
development and maintenance costs and make the
system easy to expand and redevelop. ARM is
connected to the FPGA through the bus to control
the dynamic reconfiguration process of the FPGA,
which can speed up the rebuild speed and avoid over
reliance on the CPU in the refactoring process and
affect the execution of other tasks. The FPGA chip
is connected to the backplane via 32 general-purpose
IO lines, allowing management of different
peripherals. System design in figure 1:
3.2 Software System Design
System software using a practical compact
embedded real-time operating system μC / OS_II, to
provide a guarantee for real-time system. The μC /
OS_II is ported to ARM, ARM processor can fully
combine the advantages of both, and can further
simplify the development of the ARM system.
Software design on the ARM subsystem includes the
porting of operating system、embedded GUI、 TCP
/ IP, FPGA configuration programming and
application programming. Software design in figure
2:
ICECTT 2018 - 3rd International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation
578

3.3 System Analysis
Reconfigurable features make the system hardware
and CNC functions linked through the core part of
the CNC system according to the function of the
module division, and then use the software method
for logic description, by the function, timing, circuit
testing, module packaging, made of Dedicated CNC
IP, using FPGA software to harden the technology,
quickly and effectively respond to new processing
needs or develop new CNC system, FPGA motion
control module integrated intelligent control
algorithm, the use of neural network curve
interpolation, genetic algorithm-based improvement
PID control, design a more general control platform.
4 EXPERIMENTS AND
ANALYSIS
In order to verify the basic functions of the
numerical control system developed in this paper,
the following is designed:
1 Single-axis motion commands to verify each
axis forward reversal movement, and verify the boot
stop and limit switches and alarm devices work.
2 Multi-axis motion commands to verify xyz
three axes linkage is normal.
3 Design straight line and arc machining path,
verify the linear and circular interpolation algorithm.
4 Add tool compensation in the code to verify the
tool compensation function.
During the experiment, the cutter runs smoothly,
and the experiment proves that the basic function of
the reconfigurable CNC system developed in this
paper is complete and has certain practical value.
5 CONCLUSIONS
The use of embedded hardware and open source
operating system development of independent
intellectual property rights of CNC system with low
price, high reliability, compact structure, and easy
development, to improve the competitiveness of
China's CNC products of great significance; product
development process, No need to re-design the
hardware and debugging, combined with software
reuse technology, shorten the development cycle,
rapid response to the market, access to competitive
advantage in the development of the main control
system can continue to update the existing
technology and integration of new technologies; can
be static or dynamic Structure to meet the needs of
different control functions, to provide the underlying
support for reconfigurable manufacturing system.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This paper is supported by Research on Embedded
Reconfigurable CNC System（201106CX259）and System
Research on Heterogeneous Communication Network
Convergence Based on domestic CPU (2017KY0246)
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