Preservation on Geotourism Bakara Caldera Toba, Indonesia

Nurlisa Ginting

1,2

, N. Vinky Rahman

1,2

, Achmad D. Nasution

and Fitri A. Sinaga

1,2

Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, 9 Dr. T. Mansyur Street, Medan 20155,

Indonesia

Toba Lake & Sustainable Tourism Working Group, Universitas Sumatera Utara, 9 Dr. T. Mansyur Street, Medan 20155,

Indonesia

Keywords: Preservation, Geotrail, Tourism.

Abstract: Caldera Toba is one of the tourist destination made from the volcanic eruption which is currently a tourist

destination that tourists have frequently visited in North Sumatra. Bakara is one of the areas located in the

Lake Toba Region, in Geo area Sibandang, which is part of Lake Toba Caldera Geopark which has tourism

potential, which can improve the economy and quality of life of the people there. Bakara is one of the leading

tourist destinations in HumbangHasundutan Regency which has extraordinary natural phenomena. To

increase tourism in Bakara, there is a need for the regional arrangement. Preservation is one of the elements

of regional arrangement that can attract attention when tourist visit destination. The aims of this study to

explained aspects of preservation based on Geotourism, such as aspects of education, economics, promotion,

and conservation. The results of this study are recommendations for managing preservation that can be used

to develop tourism in Bakara.

1 INTRODUCTION

Tourism is an important sector for a country, which

can improve the economy of the community. Tourism

is a very strategic sector because it can improve the

economy and also the quality of life of the community

. One form of tourism that can meet the desires of

tourists who provide benefits for the community and

the environment, as well as the trigger for local

economic development is Geotourism. Geotourism is

one way to develop the Lake Toba Geopark and

attracts more tourists. Preservation is an effort to

maintain and preserve monuments, buildings or the

environment in its existing conditions and prevent the

occurrence of the damage process, besides

preservation is usually used as an effort to maintain

inheritance both physical and non-physical. In the

development of Geotourism, one aspect of the

arrangement of the area, namely preservation must be

applied, to maintain and preserve cultural aspects and

heritage at the Geopark location. This study aims to

produce suitable preservation recommendations

based on Geotourism in Bakara.

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

Along with the development of knowledge and

planning methods, many approaches are taken by

experts in planning or structuring an area. One of the

theories that grow fast and spread widely is Urban

Design (UD). Inside the UD some elements form an

area. There are eight elements of urban design, and

one of them is preservation. Preservation is one of the

aspects of environmental design that aims to maintain

the inheritance of a place and sense of place from the

place, both physically and non-physically. Needs

such as tourism, art, recreation, and aesthetics, which

will be felt by tourists have a relationship with the

preservation in an area. Conservation will also

provide identity in a tourist spot. Conservation also

has to do with permanent structures in places

economically and culturally.

3 METHOD

3.1 The Method

Location of the research is Bakara which is 211 km

from Medan City and 20 km from Doloksanggul, the

Ginting, N., Rahman, N., Nasution, A. and Sinaga, F.

Preservation on Geotourism Bakara Caldera Toba, Indonesia.

DOI: 10.5220/0010098703630367

In Proceedings of the International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramiﬁcation Researches (ICOSTEERR 2018) - Research in Industry 4.0, pages

363-367

ISBN: 978-989-758-449-7

363

capital of Humbang Hasundutan Regency (figure 1).

This region was chosen as a research location because

it is one of the Lake Toba geosite point areas and also

one of the tourist destination areas in North Sumatra

Province.

The research is based on observations to get

appropriate results. That is why this study uses

qualitative methods. Qualitative research methods not

only focused on finding data but also consider the

sociocultural that exists to produce results. Data was

collected through field observations in the form of

field conditions and using interviews with the local

government, local community, tourism figures. The

results of the data analysis will be the research

findings for structuring the bakara. Geotourism based

Geopark structuring has several principles as follows:

(1) Economy; (2) Education; (3) Conservation; (4)

Promotion.

3.2 Research Area

Figure 1: Research Area.

This area has been chosen because Bakara is one

part of the Toba Caldera region with amazing natural

beauty. Its extraordinary natural beauty and rural

atmosphere are the main attraction. Also, Bakara has

tourism potential that is worthy to be developed; these

potentials include Geodiversity, Biodiversity, and

Cultural Diversity.

4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Preservation Economy Aspect

The Toba Caldera Geopark has many benefits, one of

which is for sustainable economic growth and

development. Bakara is a part of Toba Geopark

Caldera, which has high potential, if all stakeholders

cooperate, Geopark Bakara will be able to influence

the community, especially in the economic sector.

The arrangement of good tourist facilities will

increase tourist visits, which will also have an impact

on improving the economy of the community from

the Tourism sector. Geopark Bakara, famous for its

typical agricultural products, such as onions, rice

which has good quality, which if it is well preserved,

will increase the economic value of Geopark Bakara.

Figure 2: Local People house’s in Bakara

Figure 3: Bakara Agriculture

Tourist facilities are needed at tourist attractions,

both main facilities, and supporting facilities, such as

environmental hygiene facilities.In research

locations, lodging facilities are rarely found, even

though many residential houses have the potential to

be developed to become Homestays, which are

attractive to visitors and tourists, lodging facilities are

located only in the city which is an even 1-hour drive

from Geopark Bakara.

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4.2 Preservation Education Aspect

Geopark education management aims to initiate and

advance the Geopark public education mission,

together with all elements of society, with economic

and infrastructure development. At the research

location, the aspect of preservation of Geopark in

Bakara already exists, in the form of signboards that

can educate tourists and residents about the

knowledge of Geopark, but the signboard conditions

have started to have poor conditions. The signboard

also is not well maintained, other than that the

placement of Geopark signboards is limited, and still

have a small amount, so there is a need for additional

signboards at Geopark Bakara. In the research

location, Signage is still rarely found explaining the

tourist attraction, and historical stories on the location

of the tourist attraction, as well as the Aek Sipangolu

tourist attraction. Signage in geopark important, to

attract tourist and educated tourist about geosite.

Figure 4: Signboard GeoparkDanau Toba

4.3 Preservation Promotion Aspect

The promotion aspect of Geopark Bakara has been

carried out by the government, in the form of

promotions at hotels in Doloksanggul, which is the

capital of HumbangHasundutan. But, Geopark

Bakara is still lack of activity, this can be indicated by

the lack of the number of tourist visits to

GeoparkBakara. The lack of promotion will make

tourist destinations, less known by the general public,

so both the government and local communities need

that promotion.

Figure 5: Banner Promotion on Geopark Bakara

4.4 Preservation Conservation Aspect

Historical heritage is an attraction of tourist objects.

At the research location, some attractions need to be

conserved, namely natural and cultural attractions.

Natural attractions are the Promise Waterfall,

Panoramic view of Bakara, AekSipangolu, and Sulu-

sulu Spear, while the cultural tourism objects are

Sisingamangaraja Palace and HariaraTunghot Tree.

The strength of culture found in Geopark Bakara,

requires strong preservation as well, because keeping

historical buildings such as Sisingamangaraja Palace

is a form of historical evidence of civilization of the

past, historical buildings also have special meaning in

science and education, historic buildings can also

create regional character and as the attraction of

visitors to the region. In the AekSipangolu tourism

object, for example, conservation is not yet felt,

especially the design that is not by this historical

tourism object, so that the design of aeksipangolu

tourist objects must be developed again and also

preserved.

Preservation on Geotourism Bakara Caldera Toba, Indonesia

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Figure 6: Tombak Sulu-sulu, Aek Sipangolu,

Sisingamangaraja Palace

The application of the Batak Culture is also

needed in the preservation of tourist objects located

in Geopark Bakara tourist sites. The use of

ornamental plants can also be applied in Geopark

Bakara. These plants can be used one of them for the

benefit of tourism. A row of ornamental plants can

complement the shrub trees around the location of

Bakara tourism objects. The use of ornamental plants

is one of the efforts in environmental preservation can

also improve the economy and welfare of ornamental

plant farmers in the Bakara area.

5 CONCLUSIONS

Sipiso-Piso Waterfall, seen from the land use is good

enough. The three elements of land use, namely land

use intensity, land function, and relationships

between functions are quite good. However, even so

there are still some deficiencies in these three

elements. In the element of land use intensity because

there is no land use plan, there are some unplanned

viewpoint developments. In the element of land

function, there is still an important function in the

geotourism area which is not owned by Sipiso-Piso

Waterfall, namely Stoppoint and information centers

and irregular parking spaces. In the element of

relationship between functions, circulation for

pedestrian pathways is still not good and adequate.

Therefore, this paper provides the concept of land use

planning to address these problems. Unfortunately,

not all problems can be solved by conceptualizing

land use planning, such as the problem of less

representative building design and less geotourism

activities that cannot be resolved. Therefore, the

author recommends a study of other tourism area

planning elements in the Sipiso-Piso Waterfall

geotourism area to complete this research.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors thankfully that the research is supported

by Universitas Sumatera Utara. The support is under

the research grant of number

252/UN5.2.3.1/PPM/KP-DRPM/2018 Year 2018.,

and this research also supported by Sustainable

tourism working Group of Universitas Sumatera

Utara.

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