Analysis of Social Environmental Revitalization of Culture

Intellectual Values as a Form of Local Locality and Its Effect on

Development of Personality and Personality Batak Community in

Urban

Parluhutan Manalu

Director of St Paul Theological School

Keywords: Revitalization, Social Engineering, Cultural Intellectual Values, Local Wisdom, Development of Manpower

and Personality

Abstract: Social facts proposed by Emile Durkheim explain that in society there is a way of acting human that generally

exist in certain society which also has its own existence, by its own way and world apart from individual

manifestations, The change that happened is because of solidarity that is mechanical solidarity and organic

solidarity. Mechanical solidarity is based on the equation. Organic solidarity leads more to the abolition of

the concept of collectivity. In society, the development of independence attributable to the development of

the division of labor leads to more independent self-awareness. The development of the personality of society

occurs in most or a group of people affected by the same customs or cultural systems during its growth.

Koentjaraningrat emphasizes two aspects of culture that are abstract (nonmaterial) and concrete (material).

According to Phongphit and Nantasuwan, local Wisdom is knowledge based on the experience of generations

of generations. Batak Toba community spread in almost all corners of the archipelago. People who are outside

of North Sumatera is called Batak Toba Perantau origin of North Sumatra which is further called Batak Toba

Perantau. This study aims to determine the extent to which the Revitalization of Social Engineering Cultural

Values Intellectual As Shape Local Wisdom And Its Influence On The Development Of Manpower And

Personality Of The Batak Society In The Urban. The research method is quantitative method. The population

is tribal Batak resident who resides in Medan city which become student in college of X in medan city which

amounted to 85 people. The results showed that revitalization of social engineering intellectual values of

cultural aspects of abstract (non material) and concrete (material) partially or simultaneously have a

significant influence on the development of urban people's stubbornness and personality. The conclusion is

that there is an influence of Social Cultural Revitalization of Cultural Values Values as Local Wisdom on the

Development of Manpower and

1 INTRODUCTION /

BACKGROUND

Ethnic or ethnic tribes can be interpreted as social

identities, derived from the lineage or culture of

origin, which is also influenced by the culture in the

neighborhood (Helms in Dalton, Elias, and

Wandersman, 2001). In one's culture, self is seen as a

unity of the outward boundary of some internal

attributes, including needs, abilities, motivations, and

rights. Culture determines and shapes individuals'

behavior, thoughts, and feelings indirectly through

their self-concept. Different cultures produce

different self-concepts in their members which then

affect all other aspects of individual behavior

(Matsumoto and Juang, 2004). Independence is one

aspect of personality associated with other aspects of

personality and should be trained as early as possible

so that in its development can be in accordance with

the task of its development.

Batak Toba's dynamic, hard and resilient Toba

Batak personality may be said to be tall in

conscientiousness and the high ties in the Batak Toba

may be associated with high extroversion dimensions

as well. But on the other hand, Batak Toba tribe also

has an aggressive nature, no compromise and mercy

that probably indicates the low score in the dimension

of agreeableness. On the other hand the hard way of

Manalu, P.

Analysis of Social Environmental Revitalization of Culture Intellectual Values as a Form of Local Locality and Its Effect on Development of Personality and Personality Batak Community in

Urban.

DOI: 10.5220/0010042303170321

In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference of Computer, Environment, Agriculture, Social Science, Health Science, Engineering and Technology (ICEST 2018), pages 317-321

ISBN: 978-989-758-496-1

317

communicating Toba Batak people, often full of

emotion and anger, and the presence of revenge and

envy may be seen as trait neuroticism.

Social facts proposed by Emile Durkheim explain

that in society there is a way of acting human that

generally exist in certain society which also has its

own existence, by way and its own world apart from

individual manifestations, The change that happened

is because of solidarity that is mechanical solidarity

and organic solidarity. Mechanical solidarity is based

on the equation. Organic solidarity leads more to the

abolition of the concept of collectivity. In society, the

development of independence attributable to the

development of the division of labor leads to more

independent self-awareness. Koentjaraningrat

emphasizes two aspects of culture that are abstract

(non material) and concrete (material). According to

Phongphit and Nantasuwan, local Wisdom is

knowledge based on the experience of generations of

generations.

In terms of local wisdom, the positive things of

the Batak personality is Batak personality that has a

sense of solidarity and a sense of solidarity.

Personality that can be learned from the proverb

Batak Manuk ni pea langge hotek hotek laho marpira

nasirang marale ale lobian matean ina. Proverbs that

describe that Batak people like to hang out and have

many friends. The root of personality has been

ingrained in the Batak culture, the power of

association and sense of kinship is very close,

especially if it is a fellow Batak people.

In practice the implementation of Toba Batak

custom, the reality in the field shows there are four

(4) adat catagories that have been done. First, the

Batak Toba community has its own customary

relations system. Secondly, Adat is believed to be the

norm governing the relationship between the Batak

Toba people, influenced by the rules and norms that

have been applicable in society. Thirdly, the pattern

of relations between humans in the Toba Batak

community changes continuously, so the

implementation of adat also changes as needed

without seeing the side of space and time. Fourth, the

views and values given to adat are also changing, due

to the influence of technology in disseminating

information.

Social engineering is a process that is planned,

mapped its implementation in order to change the

structure and culture based on social society. social

engineering is a tool to achieve a goal, an intervention

or art of manipulating a scientific movement of a

particular ideal vision aimed at influencing social

change.

So many social problems that occur in society and

the complexity of social problems occur in all areas

of life ie in the field of social, political, educational,

religious and so forth. So it takes effort to solve

problems and improve the social system that leads to

ideal society life. This should be balanced with

concrete steps that have a clear vision and mission. So

the plan to change the setting of the mindset of the

community can run on purpose.

In an effort as a social engineering actor it takes

concepts that form the basis of the movement of

social change. The concept can be divided on the

basis of the time and scope of the effect it can be in

the form of evolution, revolution, reform, and social

metamorphosis. These four concepts are the basis of

social change. Yet only one proper concept and

mature engineering can transform Indonesia and

change thought

The Importance of the Development of Manpower

and Personality of Batak Society in Urban can be

done with various things. One of them is by

revitalizing social engineering intellectual values

aspects of culture that is abstract (non material) and

concrete (material).

2 PROBLEM FORMULATION

Based on the above description, the researcher

formulates the problem is whether with the

revitalization of Social Engineering Cultural Values

(Abstract and concrete intellectual) as a form of local

wisdom can influence the development of the

stubbornness and personality of the Batak community

in urban areas?

3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of

the influence of Social Cultural Revitalization

Cultural Values (abstract and concrete) as a form of

local wisdom to the development of kemandiran and

personality of Batak Society in the Urban

4 THEORETICAL STUDIES /

CONCEPTS

Development of Community Empowerment and

Personality Independence is a psychosocial issue that

arises continuously throughout the life cycle of

individuals (Steinberg, 2002). This issue arises in

ICEST 2018 - 3rd International Conference of Computer, Environment, Agriculture, Social Science, Health Science, Engineering and

Technology

318

every situation that requires individuals to rely on and

depend on themselves, such as when they enter

college outside the city, accepted to work in a

company, have a partner, or are having problems with

friends. Individual independence will help him be

ready for every situation and problem. Independence

is the ability to perform and account for the actions it

undertakes and to forge a supportive relationship with

others (Steinberg, 2002). According to Shaffer

(2002), independence as the ability to make decisions

and make himself the source of the power of self-

emotion so as not to depend on others.

According to Nimran in Kurniawati (2007: 17)

personality can be defined as the whole way how

individuals react and interact with others. According

to Robbins (2008: 127), personality is the whole way

in which individual individuals react and interact with

other individuals. According to Sofyandi and

Garniwa (2007: 74), one's personality is a relatively

stable set of characteristics, tendencies and

temperaments that are largely shaped by heredity and

by social, cultural, and environmental factors.

According to Gibson et al (1985: 70), personality is a

unique pattern of behavior and mental processes,

which characterize a person.

4.1 Revitalization

The notion of revitalization may mean processes,

means and or actions to revive or reenforce any

program of activity. So in general the notion of

revitalization is an attempt to make something that

becomes important and very necessary. Various

words of revitalization are often used to perform one

purpose such as the revitalization of education, the

revitalization of an area, the revitalization of local

wisdom and various other revitalizations along with

the times. [Revitalization by Danisworo (2002) is an

attempt to revitalize a once vital / but then decline /

degradation. Gouillart and Kelly (1995) define

revitalization as an effort to encourage growth by

linking organizations to their environment

4.2 Social Engineering

Social engineering is an art of manipulating a

scientific movement of a particular ideal vision aimed

at influencing social change, which can be either good

or bad and can be either honest or lie. (Matta, 2006).

Social engineering can also be interpreted as a

process of planning, mapping and implementation in

the context of changing the structure and culture of a

societal social base (Khasali, R., 2006).

Cultural Intellectual Values, Based on this form,

culture can be categorized into two main components,

namely material culture and non-material culture.

Material culture refers to all real, concrete,

community creations. Included in this material

culture are the findings resulting from an

archaeological excavation: clay bowls, periscations,

weapons, and so on. Material culture also includes

items, such as television, airplanes, sports stadiums,

clothing, skyscrapers, and washing machines.

Nonmaterial cultures are abstract creations passed

down from generation to generation, such as fairy

tales, folklores, and traditional songs or dances.

4.3 Local Wisdom

Local wisdom is part of the culture of a society that

can not be separated from the language of society

itself. Local wisdom is usually passed down from

generation to generation through word-of-mouth.

Local wisdom is in folklore, proverbs, songs, and

people's games.

5 METHOD

The method used is quantitative method. The

population of this study is all students of the final

semester at university X and the number of samples

in this study amounted to 80 people. The sampling

technique is the total sample. Data analysis is done by

multiple linear regression analysis that is to know the

steering between two independent variables (X) that

is abstract culture (X1) concrete culture (X2) with

dependent variable of Development of Batman's

Personliness and Personality (Y). This analysis is to

know the direction of relationship between

independent variables with dependent variable

whether positive or negative and to predict the value

of the dependent variable if the value of the

independent variable increases or decreases. Further t

test and F test is conducted to determine whether the

independent variable (X) significantly influence the

dependent variable

6 RESULT OF ANALYSIS

Based on the above table obtained the number R2 (R

Square) of 0.844 or (84.4,0%). This shows that the

percentage of contribution of independent variable (in

abstract and concrete culture) to dependent variable

(Variable: Development of Batik and Personality of

Analysis of Social Environmental Revitalization of Culture Intellectual Values as a Form of Local Locality and Its Effect on Development of

Personality and Personality Batak Community in Urban

319

Table 1: Results of Determination Analysis

Model Summary

Model

R R Square

Adjusted R

Square

Std. Error of the

Estimate

Durbin-Watson

.919

.844 .837 2.811

1.917

a. Predictors: (Constant), abstract culture (X1), concrete (X2)

b. Dependent Variable: Development of Self-Reliance and Personality of Batak Society (Y)

Table 2: Uji t

Coefficients

Model

Unstandardized

Coefficients

Standardized

Coefficients

t Sig. B Std. Erro

Beta

1 (Constant)

11.540 1.809

6.380 .000

abstract culture (X1)

.651 .084 .649 7.714 .000

Concrete culture (X2)

.947 .064 1.246 14.811 .000

a. Dependent Variable: Development of Manpower and Personality of Batak Society (Y)

Batak Society) is 84.4%. Or variations of independent

variables used in abstract and concrete cultures are

able to explain 84.4% of the variation of dependent

variables (Development of Man Power and

Personality Batak). While the rest of 15.6%

influenced or explained by other variables that are not

included in this research model.

Based on the table obtained t count equal to 7,714.

Table distribution t sought on  = 5% obtained for t

table of 7,714 T count> t table (7.714> 1.68023) then

Ho rejected. Because the value of t arithmetic> t table

(2.658> 1.68023) then Ho is rejected, it means there

is a significant partial influence between abstract

culture with Development Kemandiran And

Personality Batak Society. So from this case it can be

concluded that partially abstract culture has an effect

on to the development of the stubbornness and

personality of Batak society.

Based on the table obtained t arithmetic amounted

to 14,811. T distribution table sought at  = 5%

obtained for t table equal to 14.811 T count value> t

table (14.811> 1.68023) then Ho is rejected. Because

the value of t arithmetic> t table (2.658> 1.68023)

then Ho is rejected, meaning that there is partially

significant influence between concrete culture with

the Development of Manpower And Batak

Personality. So from this case it can be concluded that

partially concrete culture has an effect on to the

development of Batak Personality and Batik

Personality.

7 DISCUSSION

The form of Local Wisdom as the formation of a

character that is still pure in peadatan Batak people

like; Tarombo, Paradaton (Traditional Ceremony),

the concept of philosophy "Dalihan Natolu", and Oral

Tradition as well as cultural site support, is a habit

that is still inherent in Batak society need to be

maintained and developed. Local Wisdom is a local

idea that is wise, full of wisdom, positive value,

embedded and followed by members of the

community (Syarifudin, 2007). Cultural wisdom as a

local knowledge, already integral with belief systems,

norms, and culture and expressed in traditions and

myths embraced in the long term. Furthermore, these

values have become an inherent identity for society.

Batak culture can be understood as (Ethnic Culture)

or Culture which is still pure value. That is, there is

no influence on Foreign Culture. Batak Culture

Wisdom has its roots in society, The Value of Local

Wisdom Batak is very close to the community. The

values of Batak Cultural Wisdom include; Cultural

Creativity, Pattern of politeness, hard work, Gotong

ICEST 2018 - 3rd International Conference of Computer, Environment, Agriculture, Social Science, Health Science, Engineering and

Technology

320

Royong, intelligence, gratitude, confidence, sense of

unity and cultural norms that exist.

Toba Batak culture generally believes in

something when the majority of developed

perceptions refer to the justification of it so that

intellectual community groups often engage in a war

of worldview as well as an ego-impressed idea in

favor of an acknowledgment of the way of thinking

of each side. This is where the role of social

engineering in changing the style of society like this.

The idea of a better social change in the right and

more realistic way can encourage people's desire to

participate in the mission of social change.

Today's Toba Batak community in urban areas are

starting to emerge with their satisfactory work as well

as showing their identity. In addition to Medan, in

other big cities, like Jakarta, Batak people also show

their identity. These are hard-working and hard-

working people, so other ethnic groups are surprised

to find that the well-organized and intelligent people

they know turn out to be Batak people. Although the

Batak people were a small minority in the cities, but

very influential at the time, it also spread to North and

South Tapanuli. (see Hasselgren, 2008: 48) The

above explanation shows that there is no clear

terminology describing the Toba Batak community in

particular residing in a central cultural area. So that

can be called for all those who call themselves as

Batak Toba in this study are the people who use Toba

Batak culture in their daily tradition life, regardless of

the origin and hegemony of their own clan. And for

Batak people who live anywhere, including in the

overseas areas - also assume that the land where they

live is part of the result of their own culture, where

they interact with Batak culture with other Batak

people. Batak people usually love to wander out of

their area this is done to seek a better life, but

nevertheless they never let go of the relationship and

sense of kinship let alone sever the ties of kinship and

kinship with big family in the yard wherever they are

and always taught to the child until his grandson

8 CONCLUSIONS AND

SUGGESTIONS

8.1 Conclusion

Based on the results of the analysis shows that the

percentage of contribution of independent variables

(abstract and concrete) to the dependent variable

(Variable: Development of Batik and Personality of

Batak Society) of 84.4%. Or variations of

independent variables used ((abstract and concrete))

are able to explain 84.4% of the variation of

dependent variables (Development of Batassiness

and Personality of Batak Society). While the rest of

15.6% influenced or explained by other variables that

are not included in this research model.

8.2 Suggestion

It is important to revitalize social engineering

intellectual values culture as a form of local wisdom

and to be able to build the manpower and personality

of the batak society in the urban

REFERENCES

Jacobus Ranjabar, S.H., M.Sc., Indonesian Socio-Cultural

System an introduction, Bandung: CV. Alfabeta, 2013

M. Husni Muadz, Anatomy of Social System of

Reconstruction of Normality of Intersubjectivity

Relationship with System Approach, Jakarta: Institute

of Learning Lifestyle [IPGH], 2014

Prof. Dr. Soerjono Soekanto, Sociology An Introduction,

Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2013

Prof. Dr. Koentjaraningrat, Introduction to Anthropology,

Rineka Cipta, 2009

Dr. M. Munandar Sulaeman, Basic Cultural Science

Introduction to the Basic Social and Cultural Science /

ISBD / Social Culture, Bandung: PT. Refika Aditama,

2012

Dr. Esti Ismawati, M.Pd., Basic Social and Cultural

Science, Yogyakarta: Publishers of Waves, 2012

Selo Soemardjan and Soelaeman Soemardi, A Sociology

Flower Branch of the first edition, Foundation of the

Publisher Agency of the Faculty of Economics,

University of Indonesia, 1964, page 115.

Pitirim A. Sorokin, Comtemporary Sociological Theories,

(New York: Harper and Brothers, 1928), p. 739.

Paul Bohannan: Social Anthropology (New York: Holt

Rinehart and Winston etc 1963), p. 360 and so on

Analysis of Social Environmental Revitalization of Culture Intellectual Values as a Form of Local Locality and Its Effect on Development of

Personality and Personality Batak Community in Urban

321