Influencing Factors and Advice of University Physical Education

Development

Yan Jin

Music College, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750021, China

Keywords: University Physical Education, Current Teaching Situation, Influencing Factors, Advice.

Abstract: There are still lots of inadequacies in university physical education at present, for example, complex current

situation and non-development of modern idea. These problems influence the development and

improvement of university physical education. Moreover, they influence the form of students’ sport habit

and lifelong sport awareness, which is against progress of national fitness campaign and promotion of

Chinese citizens’ body and mind. Advice on university physical education reform was proposed in this work

on the basis of current situation and influencing factors of university physical education. Aim of this work is

to perfect current situation of university physical education, improve its teaching environment and promote

teaching efficiency, thus supporting the progress of quality-oriented education and the improvement of

national quality in practical meaning.

1 INTRODUCTION

University physical education is a higher stage for

students to learn sports skills and form sports

awareness. For university students who are mature

in mind and body, university physical education has

a great significance which cannot be ignored. Sports

habit and lifelong sports awareness is the ultimate

goal of physical education in current China. Chinese

physical education has achieved greatly in past

decades of development. With the reform of

physical education idea, its development changes

advanced with time. However, some situations and

factors in university education restrict the

continuous development of physical education,

making it difficult to realize its ultimate goal. There

is still great potential of university physical

education in improving national quality.

2 CURRENT SITUATION OF

UNIVERSITY PHYSICAL

EDUCATION

University physical education is rich in content,

including tai chi, basketball, volleyball, soccer,

aerobics, ping-pong, badminton and swimming.

Among these events, students like ball games best,

especially badminton, ping-pong, tennis and

basketball, followed by aerobics and swimming.

Student’s choice of sports event cannot be fully

shown in teaching, because most physical education

is based on school arrangements. In a survey (300

copies of questionnaire issued and all recalled and

effective), over 90% students thought physical

education helped them master certain sports skills to

pass exams and build their bodies. Besides, 70%

students thought physical exercise could be edifying

to their body and mind while it benefited their

improvement of physical and mental health. Only

50% students thought physical education could

cultivate student’s lifelong sports awareness and

interest, making students form exercise habit. Male

students agree more with this opinion than female

students. 20% female students agreed that they

participated in sports exercise passively. The lack of

initiative in physical education makes it difficult for

physical exercise to play its role.

3 INFLUENCING FACTORS OF

UNIVERSITY PHYSICAL

EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT

3.1 Lack of Teaching Mode Innovation

Influenced by traditional teaching method,

374

Jin Y.

Inﬂuencing Factors and Advice of University Physical Education Development.

DOI: 10.5220/0006026603740377

In Proceedings of the Information Science and Management Engineering III (ISME 2015), pages 374-377

ISBN: 978-989-758-163-2

university physical teaching mode obviously lacks

innovation. Firstly, university physical teaching

mode and pattern are monotonous and dull. The

dominance of students cannot be shown because

teachers pass on sports skills as the teaching subject.

For example, teachers show movements while

students follow in aerobics teaching. Students,

passively participating in sports, do not have any

autonomy on choosing music and making up

movements. Secondly, teaching content is

monotonous. Although university physical teaching

is abundant in content, it still focuses mainly on

competitive sports under different influences, paying

attention to improving student’s sports quality in a

short term instead of its persistence and longevity.

The teaching content is small and does not interest

students, which is against student’s development of

their personality and speciality. Thirdly, the reform

and innovation remain at theoretical stage without

enough practice. For example, the proposal of

university physical education club system which is

original and unique, attracts many students and

inspires teachers. However, it has not turned into

practical stage with problems and challenges

unpredictable. Therefore, this teaching mode is still

at the stage of research, exploration and preparation.

3.2 Teaching Staff Remaining to Be

Promoted

The reform and development of university physical

education requires the support of strong teaching

staff because construction of teaching staff is the

basic guarantee of education. Current teaching staff

of university physical education cannot ensure its

innovation and development. Firstly, university

physical teachers should be equipped with

professional skills while some teachers’ professional

quality remains to be improved. On the one hand,

influenced by traditional teaching idea, teachers do

not get enough understanding of cultivating

student’s sports awareness and autonomy. They

insist “teachers are the honour” as their fundamental

teaching idea, forcing students to exercise under

their arrangement. Thus, students exercise passively

and excessively, which is harmful to their body and

mind health. On the other hand, teachers lack

teaching awareness of physical theory, thinking

physical education is passing on skills. They would

rather let students study in classroom than teach

physical theory when the weather is bad, making

student’s comprehensive physical ability improve

slowly. In this way, student’s mind and body cannot

be developed all-around in sports exercise.

Secondly, teachers’ idea of physical education

innovation is hysteretic. Teachers, influenced by

traditional idea, over-focus on cultivating student’s

sports skills and improving their sports quality in a

short term, lacking the cultivation of physical

quality. The gap between teachers’ teaching idea and

modern physical idea makes it difficult for modern

mainstream physical idea to permeate university

physical education, leaving some room for

improvement of scientificity and innovation of

physical education.

3.3 Other Influencing Factors

Apart from schools and teachers, influencing factors

of university education development come from

students. Firstly, students have good material

conditions because their family offers wide concern

and love. Therefore, student’s abilities of self-care

and sports are suppressed while they have strong

contradiction against exercise and sports. Secondly,

university entrance exam is a great thing in students’

life so they spend most of their energy on studying

before entering universities. However, physical

education, as a minor subject, lacks students’ and

parents’ attention, leading to poor physical quality of

students. Moreover, student’s mastery of physical

skills is not comprehensive and systematic while

their physical theory is lacking, making student’s

physical basis varies a lot. Thirdly, students do not

fully understand current evaluation criterion of

physical education which makes students only pay

attention to the mastery of physical skills and

passing exams. However, they do not care the

cultivation of sports awareness, interests and

enthusiasm. Thus it is difficult for students to form

lifelong sports awareness and habit without their

initiative. Besides, physical facility such as

swimming pool in some schools is not well

equipped. Old physical facility, such as broken

basketry and poor sports field construction, is an

important influencing factor of university physical

education development.

4 INFLUENCING FACTORS OF

UNIVERSITY PHYSICAL

EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT

4.1 Multiplex Teaching Method

Multiplex teaching method helps students benefit

from physical education and gain confidence and

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Inﬂuencing Factors and Advice of University Physical Education Development

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pride in sports by adapting different students. Firstly,

innovation of teaching idea should be emphasized.

Teaching method should be perfected to be more

`adapted to reform of university physical education

under the guidance of creative teaching idea.

Secondly, proper teaching method should be chosen

to cultivate student’s comprehensive physical

ability. For example, stratified teaching combined

with student’s physical quality can be proposed,

making different students get exercise both in body

and mind and improve their quality

comprehensively. For another example, boys and

girls can be divided into two classes according to

teaching content, thus scientific evaluation can be

arranged in terms of body and quality of boys and

girls. Also, teaching backbone and activist can be

cultivated to fully play their role as teaching

assistance according to differences in student’s

receptivity of knowledge. Thirdly, the teaching of

physical theory which interests students, such as

physical regimen and appreciation, should be

arranged scientifically and systematically. Fourthly,

various physical teaching modes, combined with

student’s interest, help realize the idea of “students

are the fundamental” and give play to the

entertainment of sports. It can integrate education

with entertainment, better playing the positive role

of university physical education. Fifthly, the

innovation and efficiency of university physical

education should be emphasized with creative idea.

The active practice of university physical education

carries out new ideas into university physical

education in the first time, enriching the theoretical

knowledge of university physical education.

4.2 Emphasis on Teaching Staff

Contribution

Teachers are navigators of students and leading

force of teaching. Teaching staff contribution is the

key link of university physical education. Firstly,

university should attach importance to cultivate and

store physical teaching talents, especially backbones

teachers who can lead university physical education

to a higher goal. Secondly, physical theory of

teachers should be firmed and expanded. Different

teacher training activities combined with modern

media can update teacher’s teaching theory with new

concept and idea, making university physical

education a social fitness trend and advance with

time. Thus national physical quality in China can be

improved. Thirdly, the update and cultivation of

teaching idea should be focused on. Teachers are

supposed to be encouraged to break the constraint of

traditional teaching idea and innovate in physical

education. Thus teachers can make reform and

innovation, infusing university physical education

development with new energy.

4.3 Other Thinking and Advice

Firstly, students are the subject of teaching and their

thoughts on sports influence university physical

development directly. Therefore, improving

students’ understanding level of physical education

is one of the keys to ensure university physical

education development. Promoting student’s sense

of participation helps students obtain joy and

achievement in sports, inspiring their physical

autonomy and initiative. Thus students can

participate in sports positively and form sports habit

and lifelong sports awareness. Secondly, the

dominant role of students should be played in

university physical education to improve their

understanding of sports. For example, sports events

which can show students’ vitality and help inspire

their enthusiasm. Besides, the systematic teaching of

physical health knowledge and appreciation expand

students’ physical understanding, integrating

physical education with students’ professional and

life plan. Therefore, students can form strong sports

awareness, autonomy and habit, which helps

students form lifelong physical awareness. Secondly,

burgeoning sports events make university physical

education unique. Traditional sports events are

treasures of university physical education practice.

These events will bring students new sports

experience with modern physical idea, which

benefits the improvement of student’s

comprehensive physical quality. Developing sports

events on traditional basis are requirements of

physical education characteristic and students’

interests. For example, cross-country, swimming and

yoga, well-liked by students, can fully motivate

students’ positivity and enthusiasm, which makes

students participate in sports actively and form

sports habit. Fourthly, university physical education,

combined with students’ physical and mental

quality, serves students’ body and mind better,

making them experience the charm of sports. For

example, teachers can comfort students through

sports in physical education. For another example,

teachers lead students to keep fit through scientific

sports, helping students obtain confidence and

beauty. Therefore, students’ love for sports will be

enhanced and they can persist in sports, gradually

forming sports habit. In short, university physical

education should carry forward “people-oriented”

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idea and make reform and innovation based on

teaching fact and students. Thus constraints in

university physical education can be transferred to

benefit student’s physical and mental health

5 CONCLUSIONS

University is the cradle of talents and its education

emphasis is to cultivate students and talents in need

for society. University physical education, aiming at

the same goal, should recognize the shortage and

developing trend of current physical education based

on quality-oriented education and analyze the

influencing factors seriously. Therefore, these

factors can be eliminated specifically to avoid its

influence on university physical education reform,

which helps physical education develop steadily. In

addition, the characteristic and charm of university

physical education can be showed to form students’

sports habit and lifelong sports awareness and

improve national quality in China.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This work was supported by social science fund

project of Ningxia University (sk1120), “Situations

and Advice for National Minority Traditional Sports

in Ningxia”.

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Countermeasures in Physical Teaching Development,

Journal of Qiqihar Junior Teacher’s College, 2013

(01): 126-127.

Li Pengcheng, Song Xu. High School “Athletics

Education Combine” Study the Cultural Heritage

Overview Critique, Journal of Nanjing Institute of

Physical Education (Natural Science), 2012 (01): 96-

97.

Huai Ruoyang. Study on the Influencing Factors and the

Countermeasures in Physical Teaching Development,

Contemporary Sports Technology, 2014 (13): 73-74.

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