Authors:
Assem Hedayat
and
Pengyu Wu
Affiliation:
University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Keyword(s):
Apex, Isthmus, Synchrotron-Radiation-based X-ray, micro-CT, Endodontic Therapy, Root Canal, EndoCal 10.
Abstract:
The objective of this research is to detect and characterize voids in an Endocal 10 obturated human premolar using synchrotron-radiation-based micro-computed tomography (SRµCT) and 3D visualization. Also, the aim is to investigate the extent of voids present in a fine structure such as an isthmus following obturation. We scanned an extracted human premolar that was obturated with EndoCal 10 using the Bio-Medical Imaging and Therapy (BMIT) 05ID-2 beamline at the Canadian Light Source. We applied the non-destructive monochromatic X-ray beam at 47 keV, and compiled 4.3 µm pixel size images utilizing a AA-40 (HAMAMATSU) beam monitor synchronized with a (HAMAMATSU C9300-124) charge-coupled camera. We used Fiji for reconstructing the images and Avizo 9.0 for 3D rendering. The results showed voids in different parts of the obturation as well as a partially obturated isthmus. Miicro-CT and 3D visualization show that voids exist in the pulp chamber, root canal, and isthmus following obturatio
n with EndoCal 10 during endodontic therapy. We categorized the isthmus as a type V one. The study also highlights the reasons contributing to the difficulty of obturating the isthmus. The variation in isthmus’ diameter, its irregular branching, the presence of pulp tissue, as well as its angular orientation with respect to the root canals are some of the reasons that impede the flow of EndoCal 10 through it.
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